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국내 Holstein 종의 유생산에 미치는 환경효과 보정계수 추정
고문석(M . S . Ko),이학교(H . K . Lee),신영수(Y . S . Sin),조윤연(Y . Y . Cho),김내수(N . S . Kim) 한국축산학회 1989 한국축산학회지 Vol.31 No.11
This study was carried out to estimate the coefficients for the adjustment of environmental effects on milk yield. The 2,438 lactation records of Holstein Cows which had raised at National Animal Breeding Institute from (1969 to 1985 were used in this analysis. The parities, the season within parity and the month of age within parity at parturition of cows were included to the environmental factors for the adjustment. 1. The parity, season and year showed highly significant(p (0.01) effects on milk yield. 2. The total milk yield of the season Ⅰ (Nov.-Apr.) appeared about 300㎏ higher than those of the season Ⅱ (May.-Oct.) within each parity. The coefficients for the season`s were estimated on the basis of the season Ⅰ . The factors for season 11 were 1.09, 1.07 and 1.04, in 1st, 2nd and 3rd to 4th parity, respectively. 3. The adjustment factors on different parities were 1.00, 0.932 and 0.817 on the basis of the first parity and 1.147, 1.069 and 1.00 on the basis of the third and fourth parity. 4. The linear regression of milk yield for ages at calving were estimated Y₁= 2,272.6 + 72.7 X₁,Y₂= 3,701.0 + 23.5 X₂, Y₃= 3,827.3 + 19.3 X₃, in 1st, 2nd and 3rd and 4th parity respectively. The adjustment factors were made on the basis of 26 month for the first parity and it ranges from 1,024 at 24 month to 0.85 at 36 month. The factors for 2nd parity which ranged from 1.03 at 34 month to 0.93 at 54 month were based on 40 month and those of third and fourth parity which ranged from 1.05 at 46 month to 0.93 at 77 month were based on 59month. 5. The milk yield adjusted by proposed factors were estimated 5,011㎏ for the first parity, 5,087㎏ for the second and 5,018㎏ for the third and fourth. On the other hand when same data were adjusted by DHIA factors the milk yield were estimated 5,384㎏, 5,167㎏ and 5,072㎏ respectively. This showed that the proposed factors adjusted raw data more uniformly among parities than those of DHIA factors.
Holstein 종 유우의 산유형질에 대한 유전력과 유전상관 추정에 관한 연구
상병찬,조윤연,지병천 ( B . C . Sang,Y . Y . Cho,B . C . Chee ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.4
This study was conducted to estimate the heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations among milk production traits on the basis of 1954 records from 522 Hostein cows produced from 54 sires at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1970 to 1981. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. Total milk yield, 305 day milk yield, milk fat yield, fat percentage, peak yield, lactation period and days of peak yield were 4,699.49±1,467.41㎏, 4,940.58±1,221.98㎏, 179.24±17.68㎏, 3.57±0.34%, 24.44±5.77㎏, 301.44±71.97 days and 44.03±29.33 days, respectively. 2. The heritability estimates were 0.228±0.064 for total milk yield, 0.272±0.072 for correction milk yield, 0.236±0.066 for milk fat yield, 0.383±0.089 for fat percentage, 0.181±0.056 for peak yield, 0.104±0.042 for lactation period and 0.203±0.060 for days at peak yield. 3. The estimate of genetic correlation between 305 day milk yield and milk fat yield, fat percentage, peak yield, lactation period and days at peak yield were 0.902,-0.087,-0.030, 0.301, 0.013, respectively. And genetic correlation coefficients between milk fat yield and fat percentage, peak yield, lactation period and days at peak yield were 0.586,-0.222, 0.379 and 0.014, respectively.
Holstein 종 유우의 유량 , 유지량 , 유지율 및 최고유량에 미치는 유전 및 환경적 효과와 상호작용에 관한 연구
상병찬,조윤연,김호중 ( B . C . Sang,Y . Y . Cho,H . J . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.3
This study was conducted to determine the main effects and interactions of year, season, parity, performance of milk production and lactation period on daily average milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage and peak yield with the 2,811 records of Holstein cows at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1970 to 1981. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. The daily milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage and peak yield were 14.85±.06㎏, 0.55±.002㎏, 3.59±.008% and 23.96±.11㎏, respectively. 2. The fat yield and fat percentage were no significant among season, but daily milk yield and peak yield were significant (p$lt;0.05) difference in the effects of season. 3. The daily milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage and peak yield were significant (p$lt;0.05) difference among parity, and the daily milk yield, fat yield were superior in the group of 5-9th parity than other parity groups. 4. The daily milk yield, fat yield and peak yield were significant (p$lt;0.05) difference, but daily fat percentage was no significant difference among the effects of performance of milk production. 5. The daily milk yield and fat yield were significant (p$lt;0.05) difference among lactation period, but fat percentage and peak yield were no significant difference. 6. The interaction effects of season by performance of milk production, and parity by performance of milk production were highly significant (p$lt;0.01) difference for the daily yield, fat yield and peak yield, and the interaction effects of parity by lactation period, and performance of milk production by lactation period were significant (p$lt;0.05) difference for the daily milk yield.
후산정체 (後産停滯) 가 번식효율과 산유량에 미치는 영향
정기화,조윤연,곽대오,박충생 ( K . H . Chung,Y . Y . Cho,D . O . Kwack,C . S . Park ) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.7
To investigate the influence of retained placenta on the subsequent reproductive performance and milk yield, total 357 heads of Holstein dairy cows raised at N.A.B.I., Choong Nam province were used. The cows not expelled their placenta until 12 hours postparturient were termed as the cow of placenta retention. The days to first service. days open, services per conception, lactation days, peak yield per day. days to peak yield and 305 days ME milk yield were evaluated to determine the subsequent reproductive performances and milk yield, respectively. The mean incidence of retained placenta(RP) was 25.8% in a herd of 357 cows examined. The cows of placenta retention took significantly(P$lt;0.01) longer than normal cows in the days to first service and the days open, by 97.6±8.4 days and 192.6±15.0 days versus 79.3±2.3 days and 142.9+5.5 days respectively, but services per conception and days open more than 300 were not affected by retained placenta. In milk yield, lactation days, peak yield per day and days to peak yield were not affected by retained placenta, but milk yield per lactation was significantly(P$lt;0.05) decreased in RP cows with 5,684± 151.9㎏ versus 6,035±80.0㎏ for normal cows. From these results, there seemed to be negative relationship between incidence of retained placenta and subsequent reproductive performance and/or milk yied.
유우의 임신기간 및 생시체중의 반복력과 이들 형질에 미치는 환경효과
상병찬,조윤연,김광종 ( B . C . Sang,Y . Y . Cho,K . K . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.4
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of year, calving season and parity on the gestation length and birth weight and the repeatability of these traits with the records of 1,954 from 522 Holstein cows at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1970 to 1981. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The average gestation length was 279.374±0.859 days, and year and calving season had significant effect (P$lt;0.01) on gestation length. Gestation length of cows calved in summer was shortest and that of cows calved in winter was longest. 2. The average birth weight was 40.602±0.277㎏, and year, calving season and parity has significant effect (P$lt;0.01). The birth weight of calves from heifers was lightest and that of calves from cows with 4th parity was heaviest. 3. The repeatability estimates for gestation length and birth weight were 0.775±0.021 and 0.168±0.017, respectively.
유우의 산유능력에 관여하는 형질들의 유전력 , 유전상관 및 상관반응 추정에 관한 연구
손시환,오봉국,이정구,조윤연,오대균 ( S . W . Sohn,B . K . Ohh,J . K . Lee,Y . Y . Cho,D . K . Ohh ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.1
The objects of this study were to estimate the heritabilities, phenotypic and genetic correlations among productive traits and to find optimum selection method based on genetic parameters for each trait in dairy cattle. The data used in this study were obtained from the Holstein Friesian cows of The National Livestock Breeding Station. There were 1429 records from 354 cows, representing 44 sires. The data collected from 1969 through 1981. The traits studied were Milk Yield, Fat Yield, Fat Percentage, Peak Yield and Peak Lactation Period. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows; 1. In the average performance of productive traits, milk yield was 4820.32 ± 1152.05 ㎏, fat yield 170.29 ± 41.62 ㎏, fat percentage 3.54 ± 0.33 %, peak yield 24.31 ± 5.75 ㎏ and peak lactation period 44.12 ± 27.39 day. As compared with average foreign report, above average performances showed low trend except peak lactation period. 2. The heritability estimates from sire component were 0.211 for milk yield, 0.249 for fat yield, 0.520 for fat percentage, 0.236 for peak yield, 0.199 for peak lactation period. As a result, these traits are not high heritable characters except for fat percentage. 3. The genetic correlation coefficient of milk yield with fat yield was 0.841, milk Meld with fat percentage -0.098 and fat yield with fat percentage 0.458. Relationship of milk yield was measured to be 0.518 with peak yield, 0.744 with peak lactation period. Expected genetic change in productive traits based on a phenotypic selection differential was also studied. Therefore, direct selection may be more effective than indirect selection.
소의 동결수정란이 수태에 미치는 영향 1 . 그리세롤부유액에 의한 육단계평형의 영향
석호봉,이광원,신용식,김호중,조윤연,지설하,오대균,임경순,알피 엘스덴 ( H . B . Seok,K . W . Lee,Y . S . Shin,H . J . Kim,y . y . Cho,S . H . Chee,D . K . Oh,K . S . Im,R . P . Elsden ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.4
Nineteen frozen embryos with high genetic-potency were imported from Holstein Registration Association of America and transferred to recipients of the National Livestock Breeding Station. The synchronization was induced by twice intramuscular injections of 25㎎ PGF₂α with 14 days interval. The frozen embryos thawed at 37℃ were rehydrated within 6 steps in order to remove glycerol of the medium. The embryos were transferred to 19 recipients with non-surgical method and the results were as follows. 1. On 1st and 2nd intramuscular injection of PGF₂α, twentyeight (68.3%) and thirty-six (87.8%) among 41 treated showed estrus within 4 days after treatment. 2. The rate of the standing heat on day 3 after injection of PGF₂α was 53.7 and 73.6% at 1st arid 2nd injection, respectively. 3. The rate of the heifers showing standing heat after 1st and 2nd injection was 79.2 and 91.7%, but that of the cows was 52.9 and 82.4%. The rate was higher in heifer than cow. The rate of heifer selected for embryo transfer among synchronized recipients was also higher (62.5%) than that of cow (23.5%). 4 The evaluation of 19 frozen embryos (12 Holsteins and 7 Limousins) exception of 4 eggs with broken zona pellucida was generally good quality blastocysts as pre-freezing embryos. The pregnancy was obtained only from blastocyst. 5. At the examination of pregnancy at 60 days after nonsurgical transfers, three (15.8%) of 19 recipients were concepted. As the results, 2 female Holsteins (16.7%) and 1 male Limousin (14.3%) were delivered in terms of normal pregnant period.