Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide 생합성에 미치는 Cycloheximide의 영향

조용호,Cho, Yong-Ho 생화학분자생물학회 1972 한국생화학회지 Vol.5 No.1

The effects of cycloheximide on the biosynthesis of hepatic NAD from nicotinamide have been investigated in mice by following the changes in the level of NAD and observing the incorporation of nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$ into the biosynthetic intermediates of NAD, namely, niacin mononucleotide, desamido-NAD and NAD. Cycloheximide (1 mg/kg) inhibited markedly the increase in the hepatic NAD induced by nicotinamide (500 mg/kg). Cycloheximide when given alone, however, did not cause any change in the normal levels of liver NAD. The analysis for the incorporation of nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$ into biosynthetic precursors of NAD revealed that cycloheximide inhibited the increased biosynthesis of NAD induced by nicotinamide by causing the accumulation of desamido-NAD and niacin mononucleotide in livers. It is suggested from these results that cycloheximide inhibits hepatic NAD biosynthesis from nicotinamide by blocking mainly the enzyme system that converts desamido-NAD to NAD, e.g., NAD synthetase. Nicotinamide로부터 NAD가 생합성되는데 미치는 cycloheximide의 영향을 보기 위하여 mouse에 nicotinamide와 cycloheximide를 투여한 후에 간 NAD량을 측정하고, 또 동시에 nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$이 NAD 생합성계의 중간체(niacin mononucleotide와 desamido-NAD)와 NAD에 진입되는 율을 관찰하였다. Nicotinamide 투여에 의한 간 NAD의 증량은 cycloheximide(1mg/kg)로 말미암아 현저히 억제되었다. 그러나 cycloheximide 단독 투여는 간의 정상 NAD량에 아무런 영향을 주지 아니 하였다. Nicotinamide-7-$^{14}C$이 NAD합성 중간체에 진입되는 양상을 분석한 결과 cycloheximide는 nicotinamide로부터 생성되는 desamido-NAD와 niacin mononucleotide의 축척을 가져오므로써 nicotinamide 유발의 NAD 증량을 억제함을 알 수 있었고, 따라서 cycloheximide는 주로 NAD 생합성 효소계 중 desamido-NAD가 NAD로 전환되는 반응에 억제적으로 작용함이 시사되었다.

뇌 Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase Isozyme에 미치는 Cycloheximide의 영향

조용호,Cho, Yong-Ho 생화학분자생물학회 1972 한국생화학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Mouse 뇌의 glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) isozyme에 미치는 cycloheximide의 영향을 관찰하였다. GOT의 supernatant (extramitochondrial) isozyme 은 cycloheximide (1 mg/kg)를 복강내 주입한 후 2시간~4시간에 약 20~30% 억제하였으며 그 후로는 점차 활성이 정상으로 회복되었다. 이에 대하여 mitochondrial isozyme은 cycloheximide에 의하여 아무런 영향도 받지 아니하였다. Cycloheximide는 뇌 GOT-isozyme 중 가용성 분획의 GOT 동위효소단백의 생합성을 선태척으로 억제하였으며, 기존된 supernatant isozyme이 mitochondria 것에 비하여 조절적 기능이 보다 더 잘 발휘 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Of the two isozymes of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in mouse brain, only the supernatant (extramitochondrial) isozyme was inhibited 20~30% at 2 to 4 hours after the intraperitoneal injection of cycloheximide (1 mg/kg) into mice. By contrast, the mitochondrial one was not affected at all by cycloheximide. It was suggested that the diminution of the supernatant isozyme activity might be caused by the inhibition of the biosynthesis of the enzyme GOT. And the supernatant isozyme of the brain GOT is more regulatory than the mitochondrial one.

갯기름나물의 근(根)과 경엽(莖葉)의 면역 및 항암 활성 비교연구

조용호,Cho, Yong-Ho 대한한방피부미용학회 2005 대한한방피부미용학회지 Vol.1 No.1

This study compared the activity of the aerial part of P. japonicum with its root in order to examine the possibility of the medicinal use of the aerial part, which has not been used as medicine, in substitute for the root that has traditionally been used as medicine. For this purpose, the author measured the proliferation of Human $CD4^-$ T cells, which are related to immunity, the differentiation of HL-60 cells, and the contents of IL-6, IgE and $TNF-{\alpha}$ and compared their anti-cancer effect on Hep3B and A549 cells. The results of this study are as follows: 1. As for Human $CD4^-$ T cells, $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extract from the aerial part promoted the proliferation of the cells 1.8 times higher while $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extract from the root did by 1.76 times higher compared to the control group. 2. As for HL-60 cells, methanol extract and water extract from the aerial part showed differentiation 1.14 times higher and 1.12 times higher respectively while methanol extract and water extract from the root did 1.14 times higher and 1.07 times higher compared to tile control group. 3. Cell density was highest on Day 4 of culture in all samples, Methanol extracts from the aerial part and the root showed activities of $7.9{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$ and $7.5{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$ respectively, and water extracts from the aerial part and the root did activities of $5.3{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$ and $6.1{\times}10^3\;cells/m{\ell}$. 4. The secretion of IL-6 was highest on Day 4 of culture. Methanol extracts from the aerial part and the root showed secretions of $6.7{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$ and $7.2{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$ respectively, and water extracts from the aerial part and the root did secretions of as high as $7.0{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$ and $6.0{\times}10^{-3}\;pg/cells/m{\ell}$. 5. As for the production of IgE, water extract from the root effectively inhibited the product at $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, methanol extract from the root at $10\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, water extract from the aerial at $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and methanol extract from the aerial part at $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 6. According to the result of measuring the content of $TNF-{\alpha}$, methanol extracts from the root and the aerial part showed inhibition effect at $10\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $1,000\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 7. As for liver cancer cell Hep3B, $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extracts from the root and the aerial part showed inhibition effects of 78% and 70% respectively, and $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ water extracts from the root and the aerial part did inhibition effects of 56% and 59%. 8. As for lung cancer cell A549, $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ methanol extracts from the root and the aerial part showed inhibition effects of 75% and 70% respectively, and $1.0\;g/{\ell}$ water extracts from the root and the aerial part did inhibition effects of 48% and 45%. The results of this study presented above show that the aerial part of P. japonicum has immunizing and anti-cancer effects as high as its root, which has commonly been used as medicine. There should be more in-depth research on the aerial part of P. japonicum in the future.

정상 성인의 손목관절 위치가 파악력에 미치는 영향

조용호,황윤태,이미영,김종열,Cho, Yong-Ho,Hwang, Yoon-Tae,Lee, Mi-Young,Kim, Jong-Ryul 대한물리치료학회 2007 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of wrist position on grip strength. A Grip-Strength is measurement of muscle strength in hand. It is evaluated for the motor function and handicap of hand, projection of treatment plan. It is important because correct treatment. Methods: Total 80 college students were participated in this study, who consisted of 40 males and 40 females(age range: $20{\sim}26$). A Grip-Strength Dynamometer was used to measure the grip strength in three wrist position(flexion, extension, neutral position) and two elbow position(supination, pronation). The ANOVA was conducted to determine any significant difference in grip strength between the wrist position and the two elbow position. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The grip strength was affected by wrist position changes. 2. The difference of grip strength according to elbow position Was not significant difference (p>0.01). 3. The grip strength i1l neutral position was strongest among 3 position of wrist (p<0.01). Conclusion: A Grip-Strength was significant difference in wrist position. Pronation position was minimum grip-strength but not significant difference between supination and pronation.

여성 노인의 발목 각도에 따른 하지근육의 근활성도 변화

조용호,최진호,Cho, Yong-Ho,Choi, Jin-Ho 대한물리치료학회 2009 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: To better understand falls in elderly women, we measured differences in muscle activities of 4 lower extremity muscles (tibialis anterior, soleus, rectus femoris, biceps femoris) based on angle plantar-flexion in elderly women. Methods: Subjects were 15 healthy elderly women. No subjects had musculoskeletal or nervous disorders. EMGs were used to check muscle activity of lower extremity muscles. For statistic analysis, data were expressed as a percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). We measured %MVIC for 5 sec under 4 conditions and did not use data for the first and last second. Muscle activities of the muscles of the lower extremities were measured based on the degree of plantar-flexion of the ankle joint. The 4 conditions corresponded to different degrees of: 0, 10, 20 and 30 degrees. This was done using a 50 cm board for measuring the degrees. Results: The tibialis anterior, soleus, and bicpes femoris showed increasing muscle activity associated with increasing degree of plantar-flexion of the ankle joint. All muscles showed a significant increase in muscle activities in association with increasing degrees. Rectus femoris showed a significant increase in muscle activity for 0 degrees and for the other degrees, but there were no further changes when plantar flexion of the ankle joint was over 10 degrees. Conclusion: Activities of the muscles of the lower extremities except rectus femoris were higher with increasing degree of plantar flexion. High muscle activity may result in muscle fatigue. Thus, increasing degree of plantar flexion may be risk factors of falls in elderly women.

「이상곡(履霜曲)」의 의미와 음사적(淫辭的) 성격

조용호 ( Yong Ho Cho ) 연세대학교 국학연구원 2009 동방학지 Vol.148 No.-

샘플러 기반의 수신기를 위한 재구성 가능한 이산시간 공간상 이동평균 필터

조용호(Yong-Ho Cho),신수환(Soo-Hwan Shin),권순재(Soon-Jae Kweon),유형준(Hyung-Joun Yoo) 대한전자공학회 2012 전자공학회논문지 Vol.49 No.10

재구성 가능한 널 주파수를 가진 데시메이션이 없는 2차 공간상 이동평균 필터를 제안한다. 이 필터의 계수는 샘플링 커패시터를 스위칭 함으로써 가변할 수 있다. 유연한 널 주파수를 이용하여 간섭파를 효율적으로 제거할 수 있다. 데시메이션을 하지 않으므로 샘플링 주파수가 감소하면서 발생하는 에일리어싱 문제를 피할 수 있다. 이 필터는 1에서 2까지 변하는 α를 이용하여 1:α:1의 가변하는 가중치를 가지도록 설계되었다. 이것은 두 널 주파수가 fS/3~ fS/2와 fS/2~ 2fS/3 범위에서 변화하는 것을 의미한다. 제안된 필터는 TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS 공정에서 구현되었다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 두 널 주파수가 0.38~ 0.49fS와 0.51~ 0.62fS의 범위 내에서 변화하는 결과를 얻었다. A non-decimation second-order spatial moving average (SMA) discrete-time (DT) filter is proposed with reconfigurable null frequencies. The filter coefficients are changeable, and it can be controlled by switching sampling capacitors. So, interferers can be rejected effectively by flexible nulls. Since it operates without decimation, it does not change the sample rate and aliasing problem can be avoided. The filter is designed with variable weight of coefficients as 1:α:1 where α varies from 1 to 2. This corresponds to the change of null frequencies within the range of fS/3~ fS/2 and fS/2~ 2fS/3. The proposed filter is implemented in the TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS process. Simulation shows that null frequencies are changeable in the range of 0.38~ 0.49fS and 0.51~ 0.62fS.

경쟁적 게임을 적용한 집단 운동 프로그램이 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 균형에 미치는 영향

조용호 ( Yong-Ho Cho ),박선욱 ( Sun-Wook Park ) 대한물리의학회 2022 대한물리의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a group exercise program with competitive games on balance in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: The subjects were chronic stroke patients living at home after their discharge from the hospital. A total of 32 subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group performed a group exercise program with competitive games, and the control group performed individual exercises. The exercise program duration was one hour, and it comprised 10 minutes of stretching, 40 minutes of the main exercise, and 10 minutes of stretching at the end. The experimental group was divided into two teams of 8 players each and played competitive games (transfer a gym ball to another person, relay 10 m walking and return, transfer an object to the next person using both arms while sitting). The control group performed an arm/trunk exercise for 15 minutes and gait training for 25 minutes. These exercises were conducted twice a week (4 weeks). The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and timed up-and-go (TUG) tests were performed to confirm the change in balance. RESULTS: In the experimental group, BBS showed a significant increase (p < .05) and TUG showed a significant decrease (p < .05). In the control group, there was no statistically significant change in the BBS. However, the TUG showed a significant decrease (p < .05). The BBS and TUG both showed statistically significant differences (p < .05) in the between-group comparison of the change in pre-post intervention values. CONCLUSION: A group exercise program with competitive games to improve the balance ability for fall prevention in chronic stroke patients could be used as a good intervention method.

용량성 부하 구동용 하이브리드 구동장치의 컨버터 성능에 따른 고전압 인버터 성능 개선에 관한 연구

조용호(Yong Ho Cho),김기석(Ki Seok Kim),박진일(Jin Il Park),홍선기(Sun Ki Hong) 대한전기학회 2015 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

고전소설 『남가록(南柯錄)』의 비교문학적 연구 -중국소설 『삼국연의(三國演義)』의 영향을 중심으로-

조용호 ( Yong Ho Cho ) 연세대학교 국학연구원 2011 동방학지 Vol.155 No.-

Namgarok is a novel in which a war serves as the catalyst for plot developments and various kinds of battles are described in detail. This is an aspect that is rare among Korean classics. This study considers aspects from foreign literature and has identified the influence of the Chinese novel, Romance of Three Kingdoms. Thus, this study adheres to a comparative literary viewpoint. Romance of Three Kingdoms was determined to be an influence as it was the most frequently read novel by intelligent people in the Choseon Dynasty and was a novel written after a war as well. The study, in fact, confirms that the author of Namgarok utilized many elements from Romance of Three Kingdoms to create Namgarok. The influence was extensive, stemming from the macroscopic narrative composition, for instance the framework of events and the construction of characters, to minute details, such as the stratagem used in battles or the selection of trivial subject matters. It is particularly remarkable that the author of Namgarok utilized not just the most interesting and famous parts in Romance of Three Kingdoms in his novel. Nevertheless, the readers of Namgarok are not likely to recognize that Romance of Three Kingdoms had a heavy influence in the creation of Namgarok, which speaks to Choi, Man Seong`s superb ability as a writer.