광주지역 기온변화 예측과 CO₂, CO, 상대습도와의 상관성분석

이대행(Dae Haeng Lee),정원삼(Won Sam Jeong),이세행(Se Haeng Lee),박강수(Kang Soo Park),김난희(Nan Hee Kim),김도술(Do Sool Kim),백계진(Ke Jin Paik),박종태(Jong Tae Park) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.11

광주지역 기상자료를 이용하여 기온변화를 예측하고, 광주지역의 이산화탄소, 일산화탄소, 상대습도의 상관성연구를 실시하였다. 2008년까지 48년간 광주지역 전체 평균기온은 13.5℃이며, 2108년까지 100년간 2.7℃정도 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. 안면도지역에서 이산화탄소 연평균 농도는 1999년과 2008년에 각각 370.7 ppm과 391.4 ppm으로서 기온의 증가에 영향을 주었다. 1997년부터 2008년까지 광주의 평균기온은 14.2℃로 나주, 담양, 화순, 장성지역 보다 훨씬 높았다. 2108년경 광주의 봄 시작일은 1월 중순 이전, 여름의 시작일은 5월 중순, 가을의 시작일은 10월 중순, 겨울의 시작일은 12월 말경으로 전망되었다. 48년간 평균상대습도는 71.3%로 7월이 가장 높았으며, 해가 지날수록 감소하여 연도와는 반대현상을 보여주었다. CO₂와 CO는 양의 상관도(0.87)를 보여주었고, 조사기간 중 CO₂ 평균 농도는 457 ppm으로 우리나라 배경농도인 안면도의 397.3 ppm(2008)에서 보다 65.6 ppm이나 높았다. CO₂는 CO(0.87)와 상대습도 (0.48) 모두에 대하여 양의 상관성을 보여주었다. The ambient temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide in Gwangju and the reducing method of temperature, air pollutants were investigated using the atmospheric data in Gwangju. Average ambient temperature (Ta_ave) was 13.5℃ during 1961 to 2008. The temperature was predicted as increasing of about 2.7℃ in 2108 after 100 years using the trend line of regression equation. Carbon dioxide was 370.7 and 391.4 ppm at Anmyundo, in 1999 and 2008, respectively, showing proportionally increased as ambient temperature. The temperature at Gwangju, 14.2℃ during 1997 to 2008, was a little higher than at neighboring counties as Naju, Damyang, Hwasoon, and Jangsung. In Gwangju, Spring will start in mid-January of 2108, Summer in mid-May, Autumn in mid-October, and Winter in last-December. The average relative humidity in the air (RHa_ave) was gradually decreased as the temperature inversely increased. The average CO₂ was 457 ppm, which is 65.6 ppm higher than that in Anmyundo, korean background area of CO₂ in 2008. Carbon dioxide showed positive correlation, both of them, with carbon monoxide (0.87) and relative humidity (0.48).

하수처리 방류수 BOD5 중 NOD 기여율에 관한 연구

민경우 ( Kyoung Woo Min ),정원삼 ( Won Sam Jeong ),이대행 ( Dae Haeng Lee ),서광엽 ( Gwang Yeob Seo ),김승호 ( Seung Ho Kim ),백계진 ( Ke Jin Paik ),문용운 ( Young Woon Mun ) 한국환경분석학회 2011 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.14 No.1

In this study, BOD5, CBOD, NOD, T-N etc. were analyzed for influent and effluent samples collected from two sewage treatment plants(STPs) and for river water samples. The sampling took place from March to October, 2010. The NOD contribution to BOD5 varied with the sampling site, NOD accounts for 10~15% of BOD5 for STP influent, 45~56% for STP effluent, 3~26% for the stream water, respectively. The contribution of NOD to BOD5 also varied with water temperature, the contribution ratio was about 20% during the summer (July-September), however NOD portion of BOD5 was 50%~60% during the spring and the fall. In addition, the experimental NOD values for STP effluent were compared to theoretical NOD ones. The ratio of theoretical value to experimental one was 0.89~1.21 implying that the experimental value would be very close to the theoretical one. BOD5 and various types of nitrogen were analyzed for 10 days. Some samples showed complete nitrification and some did not. One sample showed nitrification immediately after 5 days of incubation.

무등산 주요 탐방로에서 테르펜 분포특성 연구

이대행,김민희,박옥현,박강수,안상수,서희정,진승현,정원삼,강영주,안기완,김은선,Lee, Dae-Haeng,Kim, Min-Hee,Park, Ok-Hyun,Park, Kang-Soo,An, Sang-Su,Seo, Hee-Jeong,Jin, Seung-Hyun,Jeong, Won-Sam,Kang, Yeong-Ju,An, Ki-Wan,Kim, Eun-Sun 한국환경보건학회 2013 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.39 No.3

Objectives: A great number of people visit forests for their bountiful healing factors. We investigated the quantity of terpene and analyzed the correlations with meteorological and environmental factors at Mt. Mudeung in order to support public health. Methods: The terpene amounts were investigated along 11 main trails using stainless steel tube packed by Tenax TA (150 mg) and Carbopack B (130 mg) during March to November 2012. Terpene amounts of 20 species (${\alpha}$-pinene, camphene, etc.), and meteorological and environmental factors were investigated in the field. Results: Terpene of 16 species was released from the forest and total terpene amounts were 2,080 pptv at the site of Chamaecyparis obtusa, the highest among 11 sites, nearby the first reservoir on Mt. Mudeung. Terpene concentrations in the forest were nine to 23 times higher than found in urban areas. Total terpene amounts had positive correlations with temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide and oxygen (p<0.01) with $R^2$ of 0.345, 0.369, 0.591, 0.145, respectively, from April to July. Wind speed and solar radiation in the forest had a negative correlation with terpene amounts and showed statistical insignificance with p-values of 0.118 and 0.233, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that the amounts of terpene around Mt. Mudeung are indeed higher, so visitors may enjoy a therapeutic walk in the forest with a healing effect. These results showed the forest was very effective for improving human health.

차종별 도로교통소음레벨과 주파수 특성에 관한 연구

박상일 ( Sang Ill Park ),최형일 ( Hyung Il Choi ),정경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Cheong ),정원삼 ( Won Sam Jeong ),김난희 ( Nan Hee Kim ),이종국 ( Jong Kuk Lee ),오남승 ( Nam Seung Oh ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2008 공학기술논문지 Vol.1 No.2

Quantitative evaluation for the sound source to predict the noise in the field point for the Road Traffic Noise was conducted. The traffic noise level and frequency characteristics as per types of cars for wave process until the noise reaches the field point was measured. 1. Frequency Characteristics while Driving Under freely flowing conditions of traffic, when you drive a bus on a public road, the traffic noise level showed a change of 6.2 dB(Z) from 83.1 dB(Z) to 89.3 dB(Z).The change of traffic noise level was 6.3 dB(Z) from 81.7 dB(Z) to 88 dB(Z) when a van was driven, and 10.8 dB(Z) from 79.5 dB(Z) to 90.3 dB(Z) when a one-ton truck was driven. Also, the change of traffic noise level was 18.6 dB(Z) from 81.3 dB(Z) to 99.9 dB(Z) when a motorcycle was running. All vehicles except for the motorcycle showed similar noise levels of 31.5, 500, 1 k and 2 kHz. The bus showed the highest noise level at 63 Hz and 125 Hz, and a van and an 11 ton truck showed the highest levels at 125 Hz. The one-ton truck was measured at 63 Hz for the highest noise level. The motorcycle was measured at 250 Hz with the highest noise level of 96.7 dB(Z) and at 500 Hz with 95.5 dB(Z), indicating the highest noise level among specific vehicles. 2. Characteristic of Frequency upon Departure The noise level when an urban bus stops to depart was 94.6 dB(Z), which is higher than that of stoppage and driving. When a bus stops, the normal car have an influence on the noise level, and after departure, it brings out the highest noise at 250 Hz and 500 Hz, which is caused by noises from the engine and exhaust. The noise level when a normal car stops to depart was higher than that of stoppage and driving at 85.7 dB(Z). It is high at 63 Hz as it is being reduced from 250 Hz. While a normal car is stopping, higher noise is made at 31.5 Hz, which is considered to be caused by engine noise.

무등산 인공 침엽수림에서 테르펜과 기상인자의 상관성분석

이대행 ( Dae Haeng Lee ),김민희 ( Min Hee Kim ),서희정 ( Hee Jeong Seo ),민경우 ( Gyung Woo Min ),김승호 ( Seung Ho Kim ),서광엽 ( Kwang Yeob Seo ),정원삼 ( Won Sam Jeong ),강영주 ( Young Ju Kang ),안기완 ( Ge Jin Paik ),백계진 ( 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.10

There are many factors to influence the amount of terpene at the forest. However, it is poorly understood whether the amount is altered by meteorological factors. In order to study correlation analysis between terpene amount and meteorological(i.e., temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation) and environmental factors(i.e., oxygen, carbonb dioxide) at the artificial coniferous forest of Chamaecyparis obtusa (site 1) and Cryptomeria japonica (site 2) nearby the 1st reservoir at Mt. Moodeung, the research was executed during April to November in 2011. Forest density at site 1 was 1,692 trees/ha, being occupied with 87.2% of Chamaecyparis obtusa, higher than 925 trees/ha at site 2. Carbon dioxide at site 1 was in the range of 385.410 ppm in June, similar to at Anmyundo(395 ppm in 2010). Solar radiation has positive correlation with ambient temperature and inversely negative with relative humidity. Main species of terpene released were α -pinene, camphene, β-pinene, cymene, δ-limonene and camphor at two sites and terpene was more effluent at spring and summer than at fall. The large amount of terpene was emitted in the afternoon than in the morning under the influence of the wind speed and the topographical property. The terpene amount has positive correlation with relative humidity and oxygen, and negative with wind speed and soil temperature. Because correlations of α-pinene and other terpene materials showed statistically significant within p=0.01. α-pinene could be suggested as the basic material in explaining the amount of other terpene materials.

고층 아파트의 도로교통소음 전파특성에 관한 연구

박상일 ( Sang Ill Park ),최형일 ( Hyung Il Choi ),정경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Cheong ),염동익 ( Dong Ick Yeom ),정원삼 ( Won Sam Jeong ),김난희 ( Nan Hee Kim ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2009 공학기술논문지 Vol.2 No.1

Suggesting countermeasures against traffic noise, the result of modeling the noise level distribution of the apartment using RAYNOISE is as follow. l. Characteristic of Noise Level Attenuation as per Frequency of Apartment Space Comparing the difference of measured values on the balcony and in the enter of the living room had a minus value for an applicable value of 62%, which means the balcony is the path where the, sound is being passed. Because the center of the living room is a closed space, it is considered that the sound became higher by reflection and diffraction of sound in the living room. Change of frequency. Attenuation as per space in the 1st, 5th and 8th floors showed the attenuated condition becoming greater as frequency rose by 1 kHz, and it became greater on the higher floor at 31.5 Hz and 63 Hz. On the 11th floor, 63 Hz appeared to have a higher attenuated condition, and it was attenuated similarly in general. 2. Modeling Using RAYNOISE for Noise Level and Characteristics of Frequency in Apartment Space Noise levels measured on the exterior wall of the apartment, on the balcony and in the center of a living room revealed to be higher in low frequency bandwidths in the lower floors. They decreased on the higher floors including the 7th and 8th floors, increased then decreased again on the 9th floor. The noise level in the living room was 45.3 dB(Z), which appeared to be higher than that of the balcony(41.1 dB(Z)). It was also higher than the balcony in all frequency bandwidths. We then compared noise level in two cases while the window of the living room was open. The first case kept the window of balcony 2(bed room 2 directions) closed while the window of balcony 1(living room directions) remained open. The second case kept the window of balcony 1(living room directions) closed while the window of balcony 2(bed room 2 directions) remained open. The noise level in the center of the living room was 45.0 45.6 dB(Z) in the former case and 28.5 29.5 dB(Z) in the latter, thus showing the attenuated effect of f 5.9 16.6 dB(Z). The attenuated effect appeared to be 16.9 17.9 dB(A) characteristics of A.

무등산 5개 임분에 있어서 산림의 건강 · 활력도와 테르펜 잔존량의 특성

김민희(Kim, Min-Hee),진승현(Jin, Seung-Hyun),백경수(Baek, Kyung-Soo),이대행(Lee, Dae-Haeng),정원삼(Jeong, Won-Sam),이준행(Lee, Jun-Haeng),김종영(Kim, Chong-Young),안기완(An, Ki-Wan) 한국산림휴양복지학회 2013 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.17 No.2

소규모 세탁소의 휘발성유기화합물 발생 특성과 종사자의 건강에 미치는 영향

박옥현 ( Ok-hyun Park ),이경석 ( Kyoung-seok Lee ),민경우 ( Kyoung-woo Min ),조광운 ( Gwang-woon Cho ),윤관주 ( Kwan-ju Yoon ),정원삼 ( Won-sam Jeong ),조영관 ( Young-gwan Cho ),김은선 ( Eun-sun Kim ),양진석 ( Jin-seok Yang ) 한국산업보건학회 (구 한국산업위생학회) 2016 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the generating characteristics of VOCs and the exposure effect to chemicals among laundry workers and to identify the current status of occupational safety and health through health check-ups. Methods: During the six-month period from April to September 2015, this study quantitatively measured seven VOCs in ten laundries and carried out health examinations on 35 workers. Results: Comparing the monitoring results for the ten laundries, they were classified into three groups by ventilation system, dry-cleaning and size of shop. The average concentration of toluene, chlorobenzene, xylene, ethylbenzene, benzene, styrene and TCE were 23.9, 15.6, 5.5, 2.8, 0.9, 0.3 and 1.3 ㎍/m3, respectively. During dry-cleaning, VOC concentrations were 1.3-8.9 times higher than usual. On the other hand, at night the concentrations of toluene, chlorobenzene, xylene, ethylbenzene, benzene, styrene and TCE were 64.3, 41.5, 12.2, 6.3, 1.1, 1.2 and 6.6 ㎍/m3, respectively. The health checkup results for the 35 workers showed that 13 workers were diagnosed as normal, while 22 workers were diagnosed as requiring continuous monitoring or re-checkup of liver and hematogenous functions. Conclusions: Although the results of exposure evaluation to VOCs did not exceed reference value and items had a low correlation with health checkup items, it is necessary to improve indoor air quality due to VOC volatilization from clothes

철도교통소음의 수평·수직적 전달 및 감쇠 특성

최형일,정원삼,김난희,강영주,위환 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2006 環境公害硏究 Vol.19 No.1

This study has been conducted to achieve the following objectives: First, in order to understand the horizontal propagation and attenuation characteristics for the railroad traffic noise, we selected actively developed areas within 100 meters away from the road to measure the level of traffic noise near a road. To measure the noise near a railroad, we selected areas within 100 meters away from the railroad and then selected Saemaul-ho and Mugoongwha-ho as the subjects for our experiment, In this way, we analyzed the horizontal propagation and attenuation characteristics for the traffic noise occurring in diversified areas. Second, in order to understand the vertical propagation and attenuation characteristics for the railroad traffic noise, we measured and analyzed the distributional characteristics of vertical sound pressure levels on each floor of multi-storied apartment buildings according to changes of traffic load and types, and the existence or nonexistence of soundproof walls. For the case of the railroad traffic noise, we also selected Samaul-ho and Mugoongwha-ho as the subjects for our experiment, and we measured and analyzed the different noise levels on each floor of multi-storied apartment buildings from the soundproof wall. The results of Horizontal propagation and attenuation characteristics for the railroad traffic noise are as follows: In cases of the flat land, cutting land, and bridge area, as distance increases, the sound pressure level steadily decreases. The cutting land has an especially high distance decrease compared to the other areas, and the sound pressure level for the bridge area is higher than that of the flat land with a measurement of 9.7~17.5㏈(A). Vertical propagation and attenuation characteristics for the railroad traffic noise are as follows: The amount of sound pressure level decrease is 13.9~15.4㏈(A) for Samaul-ho and 10.9~11.5㏈(A) for Mugoongwha-ho when measuring the vertical sound pressure levels at heights lower than 4.5m, which indicates a fairly large decrease. At 6m, the amount of decrease is 7.3㏈(A) for Samaul-ho and 5.0㏈(A) for Mugoongwha-ho, which indicates a small decrease.

사격장 소음에 관한 연구

최형일,정경훈,정원삼,박싱일,김난희 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2006 環境公害硏究 Vol.19 No.1

These days, the way of life and peoples' values have been changing in a developing society. The noise pollution in residential areas is a serious problem caused by the drift of population to cities, increased density, and heavy traffic. The firing ranges, which were built 20 or 30 years ago, are required facilities but are threatening to people. They are a source of anxiety as they jeopardize the residents' safety and destroy their living. Because of this, problems arise often. To reduce the problems between the residents and the military, the sound level around the firing range, the location of the range, and training times are investigated as the following 1. When a howitwer is fired, if there is no obstacle, at distances of 70m and 120m, the equivalent noise level is +116㏈(A)Leq and 98.6㏈(A)Leq, respectively. When the distance is 120m, the maximum sound pressure level is 123㏈(A)Leq for a period of one second. 2. When a 105mm howitwer is fired, if there is a hill as a natural sound barrier and the distance between the firing location and the target location is far more than 900m. the equivalent sound level is below 62㏈(A)Leq. 3. Upon firing, the sound pressure levels have equal range. The sound level is higher at 500Hz and lOOOHz. 4. The sound pressure level of the noise of explosive sound decreases between the shooting point and the target point. At distances of lOOOm, 1400m, and 1450m, the equivalent sound levels are 86.2㏈(A)Leq, 85.4㏈(A)Leq and 84.2㏈(A)Leq each, and the highest sound pressure levels are 121.4㏈(A)Leq, 116㏈(A)Leq and 114.3㏈(A)Leq for one second. 5. The explosive sound at the target point is similar to the noise at the firing point. The sound pressure level also has an equal range. Also. the sound level is higher at 500Hz and 1OOOHz than the others.