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일부 공단지역 PM<sub>2.5</sub>에 부착된 중금속 노출에 의한 건강위해성평가
전준민,강병욱,이학성,이철민,Jeon, Jun-Min,Kang, Byungb-Wook,Lee, Hak-Sung,Lee, Cheol-Min 한국환경보건학회 2010 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.36 No.4
This study estimated the health risk of heavy metals in particulate matter $(PM)_{2.5}$ in a Gwangyang industrial complex. The $PM_{2.5}$ containing heavy metal was collected from January to November, 2008 using a denuder air sampler and by IC (Ion Chromatograph). The risk assessment was performed in a four-step process; hazard identification, exposure assessment, dose-response assessment and risk characterization. In the hazard identification process, $Cr^{6+}$, Ni, As, and Pb were categorized as human carcinogens and probable human carcinogens, while Ti, Mn, Se, P, $Cr^{3+}$, Cu, and Zn were not classified as human carcinogens. It was found that the excess cancer risk by Central Tendency Exposure (CTE) of $Cr^{6+}$ and As in $PM_{2.5}$ was > $10^{-6}$, and the total excess cancer risk posed by carcinogen heavy metals in $PM_{2.5}$ was > $10^{-6}$. It was also determined that the total hazard index by CTE of non-carcinogen heavy metals in $PM_{2.5}$ was <1. Taken together, these results indicate a high cancer risk associated whit inhalation of heavy metal-containing$PM_{2.5}$ in industrial areas.
환경기초시설의 악취물질 배출특성 : 5개 시설(하?폐수, 축산?분뇨 및 음식물) 처리장 중심으로
전준민(Jun-Min Jeon),서윤섭(Yun-Seob Seo),정만호(Man-Ho Jeong),이학성(Hak-Sung Lee),이민도(Min-Do Lee),한진석(Jin-Seok Han),강병욱(Byung-Wook Kang) 한국냄새환경학회 2010 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.9 No.2
본 연구는 5개 업종의 환경기초시설 중 대표적으로 관리가 우수하거나 미흡한 시설을 각 1개씩 선정하여 악취배출 특성을 파악하고, 시설별?공정별 주요 악취원인물질을 도출함과 아울러, 미흡시설에 대한 적합한 악취저감 및 관리방안을 제안하는데 있다. 연구결과 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 기초시설별 부지경계선에서 보인 직접 관능도(air direct sensory) 및 복합악취(air dilution value)는 J음식물자원화시설이 다른 기초시설에 비해 높았으며, 복합악취는 391배로서 악취방지법의 배출허용기준(15배)을 초과하고 있었다. 기초시설 중 미흡시설로 구분된 시설들의 직접관능도 및 복합악취는, 음식물자원화 > 축산폐수 > 하수 > 분뇨 > 폐수처리시설 순으로 높게 나타났으며, J음식물자원화시설은 모든 공정에서 매우 강한 취기로서 직접관능도 5도, 복합악취는 1,800∼10,000배 범위로서 악취방지법상 배출허용기준(500배)을 초과하였다. 기초시설별 악취배출 특성 및 주요 악취원인물질은, 하?폐수처리시설 경우 1차침전지 및 농축조에서 복합악취도가 높았고, 황화합물과 알데하이드류 성분들이 주요 악취원인물질로 나타났으며, 축산?분뇨처리시설은 저류조 및 액상부식조에서 복합악취도가 높았고, 황화합물과 암모니아 성분이 주요 악취물질로 검출되었다. 음식물자원화시설은 다른 시설에 비해 전 공정에서 높은 복합악취를 보였고, 황화합물 및 아세트알데하이드 물질이 주요 악취원인물질로 작용하고 있었다. This study was conducted to show the odor emission characteristics between the well maintained environment fundamental facility and the poorly maintained environmental facility. It also draws major components of odor emission based on facilities, stages, and suggest the proper way to reduce the level of odor for insufficient facilities. Insufficient facilities' air direct sensory and air dilution value levels are following: foodwaste > livestock > wastewater > night-soil > sewage. For the sewage and waste water facilities, the common characteristic of odor emission on each fundamental facility showed higher air dilution value in depositing reservoir and concentrator. And sulfur and aldehyde compounds came out to be the major odor causing components. In the case of night-soil and livestock facilities, the air dilution value was high in flow equalization tank and liquid erosion tank. And sulfur as well as ammonia component was the major malodorous substance. Foodwaste facility showed higher air dilution value than other facility, which sulfur and acetaldehyde compounds were acting as major malodorous substances.
서병량,정만호,전준민,Seo, Byeong-Ryang,Jeong, Man-Ho,Jeon, Jun-Min 한국환경보건학회 2006 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.32 No.5
This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of indoor air quality(IAQ) in 91 public facilities from September 2004 to March 2005 in the Honam province(Chonnam, Gwangju). The measured air pollutants are $PM_{10}$, formaldehyde(HCHO), CO, $CO_{2}$ and total suspended bacteria(TSB), the maintenance standard materials of IAQ management law established by ministry of environment in Korea(MOE). We also surveyed establishment and operation of ventilation equipment. It was measured $1.2m{\sim}1.5m$ on the floor between 8 o'clock AM and 7 o'clock PM. As the result, $PM_{10}$ and CO was showed the highest concentration, $188.89{\mu}g/m^{3}$, 8.67 ppm, at the indoor parking. The concentration of HCHO was the highest in large store and steamer room. The concentration was respectively $118.70{\mu}g/m^{3}\;and\;113.21{\mu}g/m^{3}$. The concentration of $CO_{2}$ was the highest at the reading room of the library on the condition of natural ventilation. The concentration of $CO_{2}$ was 1,816 ppm and higher than the IAQ standards established by MOE. The TSB was just measured in the hospital and silver town. It was the highest at the admission room of hospital. The concentration of TSB was $766CFU/m^{3}$. The public facilities of this study were not exceed each maintenance standards except $CO_{2}$ but it was surveyed that the management will be needed about some air pollutant according to target facilities.
신혜수(Hae-Soo Shin),전준민(Jun-Min Jeon),김윤신(Yoon-Shin Kim) 한국실내환경학회 2011 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.8 No.2
This study was performed in the 175 selected child-care facilities in the urban area (Seoul, Suwon, Daejeon, and Busan) and the industrial complex area (Sihwa and Yeosu) to measure of the characteristics of VOCs in the indoor air from August, 2007 to April, 2008. All samples were collected at the indoor and outdoor places to the child-care facilities in spring, summer, and winter seasons using the Tenex absorption trap and were analyzed through the GC/MSD. The mean concentration of VOCs in the 175 child-card facilities showed the highest levels of 73.68 ㎍/㎥ in the toluene and the lowest levels of 0.28 ㎍/㎥ in the chlorobenzene. In the concentration of the TVOC, it exceeded 2.5 times more as the indoor air quality guideline in Korea. The result of this study was found that the concentration of VOCs in the child-care facilities in Korea may influenced from the some factors such as the constructional period, traffic density, and ventilation rate. These findings may expected to imply that effective risk management strategies should be applied to minimize the public health effects for children in the child-care facilities in Korea.
제철산업단지 인근지역 도시대기 중 초미세먼지(PM<sub>2.5</sub>)와 미량원소 농도 특성
강병욱 ( Byung-wook Kang ),전준민 ( Jun-min Jeon ),이학성 ( Hak-sung Lee ) 한국환경기술학회 2018 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.19 No.1
본 연구에서는 광양제철산업단지 인근에 위치한 도시지역에서 초미세먼지(PM<sub>2.5</sub>)에 포함되어 있는 미량원소성분의 특성을 평가하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 연구대상지역의 초미세먼지 연평균 농도는 29.2 ㎍/㎥으로 국가대기환경기준치를 25% 초과하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 유사한 규모의 국내 다른 도시지역과 비교하여 볼 때 산업단지로 인하여 초미세먼지 농도가 4 ~ 10 ㎍/㎥ 높은 농도를 나타내었다. 초미세먼지 중 미량원소의 농도는 S > Si > Fe > K > Na > Al > Ca 의 순서로 높게 나타나서 황 성분이 산업단지 인근지역에 영향 받는 가장 풍부한 성분으로 나타났으며 Fe와 망간의 농도도 다른 도시지역과 비교하여 고농도를 나타내어 제철산업단지의 영향으로 판단된다. 토양과 도로먼지에서 배출되는 것으로 알려진 Si, Al, Mg 그리고 Ti 등과 같은 원소는 여름에 낮고 봄철에 높은 계절 변동 패턴을 나타내었다. 반면에 인위적인 배출원에서 주로 배출되는 것으로 알려진 S, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu 그리고 Zn 등은 계절변동을 보이지 않았으며 이는 배출원인 산업단지의 경우 연중 일정하게 배출되기 때문에 나타난 결과로 사료된다. A one-year study to evaluate the characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> trace elements was performed on an urban area in the vicinity of steel industrial complexes in Gwangyang. From this study, it has been demonstrated that the annual mean concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> was 29.2 ㎍/㎥, which exceeds over 25% of the Korea ambient air quality standard (25 ㎍/㎥). The influence from the industrial complex near rural areas caused higher PM<sub>2.5</sub> mass (4~10 ㎍/㎥), compared to other cities. The concentration of trace elements in the PM<sub>2.5</sub> mass was in the following order: S > Si > Fe > K > Na > Al > Ca. The sulfur (S) was determined to be the most abundant species which may affected by the vicinity of industrial complexes. In parallel, the steel industrial complex is believed to be the source of high emission of iron (Fe) and manganese(Mn), where as its reading in other cities wa moderate. The elements such as Si, Al, Mg and Ti, which are the components of the soil and road dust sources, showed season-related trends; lower in the summer and higher in the spring. However, S, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Zn, mainly emitted from the anthropogenic sources, were no seasonal differences, and it is proposed that constant emission from the industrial complexes is the leading source.