태양인 체형, 안면, 음성, 성격 특성

장은수,도준형,장준수,구본초,유종향,최희석,이시우,Jang, Eun-Su,Do, Jun-Hyeong,Jang, Jun-Su,Ku, Bon-Cho,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Choi, Hee-Seok,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2013 사상체질의학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Objectives This study was aimed to reveal the characteristics of the body shape, face, voice and temperament in Taeyangin. Methods The subjects were recruited from November 2005 to August 2012. Sasang constitutional specialist in each clinics confirmed the Sasang Constitution. Taeyangin (TY) became a standard guidance to be compared with each other Sasang type. Anova test was used in analyzing continuous variables and factor analysis was conducted in temperament questionnaire in advance. Generalized propensity score with age and body mass index (BMI) was used in adjusted model. Significant level was .05 Results 1. The TY body shape were generally smaller than Taeeumin (TE) (p<0.001) and Soyangin (SY) (p<0.05) in crude. The TY body shape were still smaller than TE (p<0.05) and there was no significant difference between TY and SY except rib circumference in males and forehead circumference (p<0.05) in females in adjusted model. 2. The size of face and nose in TY was smaller than in TE and there was different between males and females' TY and others in the characteristics of eye, nose and forehead variables in crude (p<0.05). Most of differences between TY and TE were disappeared in adjusted model. 3. The vocal height and speed of TY was different other types and there was different between males and females' TY in some of frequency change rate in crude (p<0.05). Most of differences between TY and other types were similar before and after adjusted model. 4. The temperament of TY was different with SE before and after adjusted mode 1 (p<0.05). TY males showed difference in expression factor and TY females showed difference in behavior factor compared with TE respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions This study reveals characteristics of body shape, face, voice and character in the TY males females compared with each other type respectively.

사상체질별 안면의 거리 각도 비율 특성

장은수,김윤정,김성훈,주종천,Jang, Eun-Su,Kim, Yun-Jeong,Kim, Seong-Hun,Joo, Jong-Cheon 사상체질의학회 2010 사상체질의학회지 Vol.22 No.2

1. Objectives: We aimed to derive constitutional facial characteristics with front and side picture of the people in this study 2. Methods: Through November 2007 to July 2009, we obtained front and side face photograph data of 715 male/female constitution confirmed subjects within the age range of 10-80 from 19 oriental medical facilities in the country. According to sex, we divided the subjects into two groups, real constitution group and non-constitution group. We analyzed significant variables of distance, angle and ratio of facial point through unpaired T-test. 3. Results: There are different significant variables according to Sasang Constitution and even though they are much different between sex, the interpretation of the meaning of those variables are similar with the written characteristics of ancient Writing. The face size of the Taeeumin is bigger than that of the non-Taeeumin, and especially they have long length from mouth to mandible angle. Soeumin have small jaw area, long philtrum and narrow facial feature like egg. Soyangin has developed forehead and glabella, short jaw, long eye side. Taeyangin has developed forehead, weak nose especially side end of nose, long eye side. 4. Conclusions: Sasang Constitutional facial characteristics are different between man and woman but there are much similarity with the facts as known on the interpretation of significant variables characteristics.

쟁점으로 읽는 '97년의 지성사-국문학

장은수,Jang, Eun-Su 대한출판문화협회 1997 출판저널 Vol.226 No.-

97년 문학계 최대 쟁점은 이문열의 "선택"을 둘러싼 페미니즘 논쟁이다. 또 '리얼리즘'을 둘러싼 격렬한논의 역시 주목할 만하다. 또한 '내면소설'이나 '신세대문학'에 대한 문단의 팽팽한 입장 차이도 치열하게 계속되고 있다.

한열(寒熱) 특성과 건강 상태가 사상체질(四象?質) 감별에 미치는 영향

장은수,김명근,백영화,김윤정,김종열,Jang, Eun-Su,Kim, Myung-Gun,Baek, Young-Wha,Kim, Yung-Jeong,Kim, Jong-Yeol 사상체질의학회 2009 사상체질의학회지 Vol.21 No.3

1. Objectives: We would know what kind of symptom are different according to Cold and Heat characteristics and health state. We also tried to suggest the development of Sasang Constitution diagnosis model considering of them. 2. Methods: We recruited 1,523 subjects between 10 and 80, excluding individuals who have physically or psychologically serious disease or women in pregnancy in the 21 Oriental Medical Clinics. We seperated group according to Cold and Heat characteristics and health state in CRF(Case Report Form, C-2009-002439) questionnaire and we also developed Sasang constitution diagnosis program to compare agreement according to sex and age group with Cold/Heat and health state one. 3. Results: The number of discordance items are much more than that of accordance items in group seperated according to Cold and Heat, and Health state Sasang constitution agreement rate of Cold/Heat and health state group is higher than that of total group through program. When we diagnosed Sasang constitution with different group characteristics to know the group differences, the disparity rate of the group according to Heat/Cold and Health state is lower than that of the group according to sex and age. 4. Conclusions: As Sasang constitution characteristics are different according to Cold/Heat group and Health state classification, we can upgrade Sasang constitution agreement rate with questionnaire considered of Heat/Cold and health state.

체질 의료 서비스 시장규모 및 현황 조사 -전국 한방의료기관을 중심으로-

장은수,백영화,이시우,Jang, Eun-Su,Baek, Young-Hwa,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2013 사상체질의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Objectives The aim of this study is to survey the present scales of constitutional medical service market on the base of Korean medical service market following 2006, 2008 year survey. Methods This survey was conducted from Nov. 1 to Dec. 15, 2011 by offline mail. A questionnaire including personal information, general information, and management related to constitutional medicine of Korean medical institution was sent to each subject with a returned envelope. The subjects were asked to complete the questionnaire and 108 data were collected and analyzed. Results This study revealed that the 62% facilities of all Korean medical clinics in Korea are using constitutional medicine for patients. The proportion of constitutional medical service was 13.7% in Korean medical care insurance and 23.5% in total Korean medical service market. Conclusion It is assumed that the scales of total Korean medical service market seemed to be 3,974,425 million won and the scales of total constitutional medical service market seemed to be 929,404 million won.

완실무병 지표들의 사상체질별 건강수준 연관성 연구;THI(Todai Health Index) 설문지를 중심으로

장은수,김호석,유종향,백영화,오승윤,이시우,Jang, Eun-Su,Kim, Ho-Seok,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Baek, Young-Wha,Oh, Seung-Yun,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2008 사상체질의학회지 Vol.20 No.2

1. Objectives This study aims to find out the factors that affect to healthy level according to Sasang Constitutions by comparing THI health state with Sasang Health Index. 2. Methods One hundred twenty one healthy students from Korean oriental medical colleges participated in this study. We used the Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCC II) and expert opinion to diagnose Sasang Constitution, and used Sasang Health Index and THI questionnaire to take health information about Sasang Constitution, from 121 people of Sasang Constitution Information Bank. 3. Results 1) The 'Good Sweat' in Taeumin health level was higher than others, especially in case of 'Refreshness after Sweat' and the 'Good Feces' also higher in case of 'Much Volume in Defecation' 'Regularity in Defecation' 'Refreshness after Evacuation'. 2) The 'Good Feces' in Soyangin health level was higher than others, especially in case of 'Thickness'. 3) The 'Good Digestion' in Soeumin health level was not significantly higher than others. 4) The better symptoms in 'Good Sweat', the better health in Taeumin. 4. Conclusions Sasang Constitution Health Level is significantly related with Sasang Health Index.

사상체질 처방 활용 현황 및 유효 질환 조사

장은수,유종향,김윤영,박기현,이시우,Jang, Eun-Su,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Kim, Yun-Young,Park, Ki-Hyun,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2011 사상체질의학회지 Vol.23 No.1

1. Objectives: We aimed to derive using status of Sasang Constitutional herbal prescription and good effective one in specific disease. 2. Methods: We sent Questionnaire to 463 oriental medical doctor listed Korea Sasang Constitutional medicine from 2009 years. 10 to 11 and got back 191 questionnaire, which consisted of sex, age, clinical duration, working type, using status and effectiveness of Sasang Constitutional herbal prescription. 3. Results: - Digestive tract disease was especially most effective field, and circulatory, the endocrine, dermatology, psychopathy, urogenital disease went in order in western disease. - Spleen disease was especially most effective field, and the heart and circulatory, neuropsychiatry, lung, liver, psychopathy, gynecology disease went in order in oriental medicine pathology. - Chungshimyenja-tang was effective to neuropsychiatry and heart disease in Taeeumin, Hyangsayangwi-tang to disease related digestive system, Palmulgunja-tang to gynecology disease in Soeumin, Dockhalgiwhang-tang to diet disorder, Yanggeuksanwha-tang to heart and psychologic disease in Soyangin. 4. Conclusions: Constitutional prescription effected on special pathological symptom support weaken organ, and these result will help to make treatment standard and support clinical study of constitutional medicine.

안면 체형 음성 및 설문 기반 사상체질 진단 툴 베타버전과 전문가의 체질진단 일치도 예비 연구

장은수,진희정,도준형,이시우,김종열,Jang, Eun-Su,Jin, Hee-Jeong,Do, Jun-Hyung,Lee, Si-Woo,Kim, Jong-Yeol 사상체질의학회 2012 사상체질의학회지 Vol.24 No.2

1. Objectives : In Sasang constitutional medicine, it has been known that diagnosing Sasang constitution correctly is mostly important. We had developed an Integrated Sasang Constitutional Analysis Tool (SCAT) ${\beta}$-version using face, voice, body shape and questionnaire before. The purpose of this study is to suggest whether SCAT ${\beta}$-version is reliable or not. 2. Methods : We collected 371 subjects from 6 oriental medical clinics. We analyzed the Sasang constitutional diagnostic results using Kappa and coincidence rates between experts in Sasang constitution and SCAT ${\beta}$-version which was developed on the basis of face, body shape, voice and characteristics and symptom questionnaire data. 3. Results : The agreement rates between SCAT ${\beta}$-version and experts was 69.3% in total, and 73.2%, in Taeeumin, 70.8% in Soeumin, and 56.9% in Soyangin in detailed. The Kappa was 0.510 (p value<.000). There was an increasing trend of agreement rates and kappa value corresponded to increasing constitutional probability. When The constitutional probabilities were changed from below 40%, to over 40%, 50%, 60%, the agreement rates corresponded from 50.8% to 79.5%, 91.4%, 95.7% respectively. 4. Conclusions : A SCAT combined with a constitutional probability seemed to help experts to diagnose a patient's Sasang constitution correctly.

사상체질 전문가의 진단 우선순위 일치도 검증

장은수,김호석,유종향,김상혁,백영화,이시우,Jang, Eun-Su,Kim, Ho-Seok,Yoo, Jong-Hyang,Kim, Sang-Hyuk,Baek, Young-Hwa,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2009 사상체질의학회지 Vol.21 No.2

1. Objective : This study aimed to know the concordance coefficient and diagnostic trend of 6 Sasang constitution diagnosis factors among experts, which are important to diagnose Sasang constitution. 2. Methods : We suggested each 100 cases containing body shape, face, temperament, physiological and pathological symptom and constitutional drug response to 2 groups experts, and researched expert opinions. We analyzed concordance coefficient with Kendall's coefficient of concordance W. 3. Results : 1) Experts agreed with 167(82.5%) diagnosis results of cases, but there were 33 cases(17.5%), with which even one expert disagreed 2) The concordance of priority order of Sasang constitutional factors was significantly associated within expert. 3) Experts put the priority concordance to drug response and Face, body shape, voice and Pathological and physiological symptoms in order. 4) In case by case, concordance coefficient was 47(55.9%) in group 1, 9(10.8%) in group 2, 56 (33.5%) in total. 4. Conclusions : Experts made much account of drug responses and faces in diagnosing Sasang constitution. but there were different opinions in concordance coefficient. So Sasang Constitution Diagnosis Guideline is necessary to integrate experts opinions.

체질별 표리에 따른 소화, 땀, 대변, 소변, 음수, 한열 특성 차이

장은수,백영화,박기현,이시우,Jang, Eun-Su,Baek, Young-Hwa,Park, Ki-Hyun,Lee, Si-Woo 사상체질의학회 2012 사상체질의학회지 Vol.24 No.1

1. Objective : It is well-known that even if some people are born with same constitution, their symptoms can be different according to Exterior and Interior diagnosis. This study aimed to suggest different clinical symptoms according to Exterior and Interior group in individual Sasang constitution. 2. Methods : We collected 706 physiological and pathological data of subjects from August 2009 to July 2011 using case report form of Questionnaire. The Sasang constitutional diagnosis and Exterior and Interior diagnosis were conducted by Sasang constitutional experts. All data were analyzed with Chi-square test and significant p value was 0.05. 3. Results : There are different symptoms between Exterior and Interior group in Taeeumin as followed, the frequence of famine and burp, the part of sweat, brown or not in color of stool, painful or not in evacuating, the frequence of loose feces, the frequence of abdominal inflating, the costive feeling frequence after evacuating, foam in urine or not, urination times, amount of Coldness and Hotness in belly, the frequence of turning fale in face. Soeumin as followed, digestion well or not, amount of sweat in exercise, the brown or not in color of stool, the frequence of turning fale in face, athe frequence of clearness in urine and feeling hot. Soyangin as followed, amount of appetite, amount of sweat in hot weather, sweat in neck or not, the red color in urine or not, Coldness and Hotness in foot or not, amount of drinking. 3. Conclusions : We may suggest that physiological and pathological symptoms are different between exterior and interior group in individual Sasang constitution respectively.