천연조류제거제를 활용한 응집·부상 전처리공정의 기존 응집공정 대체 가능성

장여주,정진홍,임현만,장향연,김원재,Jang, Yeo-Ju,Jung, Jin-Hong,Lim, Hyun-Man,Chang, Hyang-Youn,Kim, Weon-Jae 대한상하수도학회 2017 상하수도학회지 Vol.31 No.1

In the coagulation/sedimentation (C/S) process of the water treatment process, the inflow of massive algal bloom causes many problems including fouling of filter media. This study was conducted to find out the way to remove the algae's harmful effects by addition of pre-treatment prior to C/S process. Many Jar-tests were conducted such as (1) ACF (Algae Coagulation Flotation) process using natural algae coagulant (Water $Health^{(R)}$), (2) ACF + C/S process and (3) C/S process with a variety of conditions using cultured algae. The average values of turbidity were (1) 0.42 NTU for ACF process, (2) 0.13 NTU for ACF + C/S process and (3) 0.25 NTU for C/S process. It was shown that the treatment efficiency of ACF process could get low turbidity results, and ACF + C/S process could achieve more efficient results than those of C/S process. Any negative effects of ACF process to the efficiency of C/S process were not observed in ACF + C/S process. In order to reduce the unfavorable effects of algae, it was found out that the introduction of ACF process in the forms of (1) ACF or (2) ACF + C/S could be one of the effective and alternative solutions.

부상분리공정에서 미세기포 발생특성의 실증적 평가

장향연 ( Hyang-youn Chang ),박나리 ( Na-ri Park ),장여주 ( Yeo-ju Jang ),임현만 ( Hyun-man Lim ),정진홍 ( Jin-hong Jung ),김원재 ( Weon-jae Kim ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2018 한국수처리학회지 Vol.26 No.5

The treatment efficiency of dissolved air flotation (DAF) process depends greatly on the operating characteristics of the microbubble generating system. In this study, the indices to compare and quantify the microbubble generation characteristics have been reviewed comprehensively such as ① representative size (㎛), ② number density distribution (counts/mL), ③ specific interfacial area (m2/m3), and ④ specific volume (ppm, v/v). A microbubble generating system utilizing saturation tank type, which has been most commonly applied in DAF processes, was fabricated on a pilot scale and the behavior of the above indicators was monitored while varying the conditions of operating pressure and flow rate. As a result, according to the operating pressure, the representative size increased until the operating pressure reached 3.5 kgf/cm², and then decreased continuously as the preassure increased. Microbubbles in the range of 20 - 50 ㎛ were formed at the maximum with the condition of 3.5 - 4.5 kgf/cm². The values of specific interfacial area and specific volume also showed the maximum at 3.5 - 4.5 kgf/cm². For the operating flow rate, the representative size continuously increased with the increase of the flow rate. The specific interfacial area and specific volume reached their maximum values at the condition of 45 - 50 L/min. As a result of examining the indices of microbubble generation characteristics for a pilot scale generating system, it could be concluded that the applicability of the specific interfacial area and specific volume were better than that of the representative size and number density distribution.

정수장 유입조류 전처리를 위한 천연조류제거제(W.H.)의 최적주입농도 결정

장여주(Yeo-Ju Jang),정진홍(Jin-Hong Jung),임현만(Hyun-Man Lim),윤영한(Young H. Yoon),안광호(Kwang-Ho Ahn),장향연(Hyang-Youn Chang),김원재(Weon-Jae Kim) 대한환경공학회 2016 대한환경공학회지 Vol.38 No.9

하천과 호수의 부영양화로 인하여 남조류가 대량으로 증식하게 되면 고유의 생물독소로 인한 위해뿐만 아니라 정수처리 과정에서 경제적 손실을 야기할 가능성이 있다. 현재 상용화되어있는 천연조류제거제인 M사의 W.H. 응집제(이하 W.H.)는 참나무 유래 성분의 살조 및 타감작용을 이용한 응집․부상공정을 통하여 조류를 사전에 제거함으로써 정수공정에 미치는 영향을 효과적으로 저감할 수 있다. 그러나, W.H.를 활용한 응집․부상공정은 정수처리의 전처리공정으로 적용된 사례가 없기 때문에 최적주입농도의 결정기법에 대한 보고 또한 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 ① 한강에서 채취한 복합 조류와 ② 남조류를 선택적으로 대량 배양하여 광조건 하에서 W.H. 투여량 및 조류농도 등의 여러 조건을 변화시키면서 Jar-test를 시행하여 응집·부상공정에서의 조류의 제거기작을 검토하였다. Jar-test 결과를 바탕으로 IBM-SPSS를 활용한 다중회귀분석을 실시하여 최적 W.H. 주입농도를 결정하기 위한 Chl-a 농도와 탁도를 변수로 하는 두 가지 선형식을 도출하였다. 또한 유입수질의 변동에 따라 W.H. 주입농도를 신속하게 결정하고 자동화할 수 있는 자동제어 로직의 프로토타입(Prototype)을 제시하였다. Algal blooms of cyanobacteria (blue-green Algae) due to the eutrophication of rivers and lakes can cause not only the damage by its biological toxins but also the economic loss in drinking water treatment. The natural algae coagulant, a commercial product known as W.H. containing the algicidal and allelopathic material derived from oak, can control algal problems proactively through the coagulation・flotation process. However, because there have been no applications of the process for pre-treatment in drinking water plants, we could find no report on the optimum injection dose of W.H.. In this study, we have conducted several sets of jar-tests while changing W.H. dose and concentration of chl-a for ① Han-river samples and ② subcultured cyanobacteria samples, and monitored the removal mechanisms of algae intensively. Based on these jar-test results, two linear equations with variables of chl-a and turbidity have been deduced to predict the optimal W.H. dose after the multiple regression analysis using IBM-SPSS. Also, prototypes of automatic control logic have been suggested to inject the optimal W.H. dose promptly in response to the variation of water quality.

질산화미생물과 황산화미생물을 이용한 헤셀로스 4종 생태독성평가

여주형(Ju-Hyung Yeo),윤세영(Se-Young Yoon),장정민(Jeong-Min Jang),진두용(Doo-Young Jin),강우창(Woo-Chang Kang),오상은(Sang-Eun Oh) 강원대학교 환경연구소 2023 Journal of the Environment Vol.16 No.1

Hecellose is a cellulose ether product derived from wood and cotton, consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). It is a biologically important substance that is widely used in various industrial and everyday applications. HEC’s stability and versatility of HEC make it valuable in industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, construction, petrochemicals, and medical devices. Due to its wide range of applications and extensive use, concerns have arisen about the potential environmental impact and risks to human health associated with hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). HEC is considered a safe substance, but its primary raw material, ethylene oxide, is classified as a hazardous substance. Therefore, the toxicity of HEC was evaluated using ecotoxicological methods that involve microorganisms. In this study, nitrate-reducing microorganisms and sulfate-reducing microorganisms were utilized. The nitrate-reducing microorganisms exhibited a toxicity of over 60% after 48 hours, while the sulfate-reducing microorganisms showed a toxicity of approximately 20% after 6 hours. The difference in toxicity is believed to be attributed to variations in the duration of cultivation and factors that hinder the activity of microorganisms.

Optimized ammonium recovery during regeneration of natural zeolites with the combination of air stripping technique

Maghfiroh, Miratul(미라툴 매크피로),Na-Ri Park(박나리),Hyang-Yeon Chang(장향연),Yeo-Ju Jang(장여주),Hyun-Man Lim(임현만),Kwang-Ho Ahn(안광호),Jin-Hong Jung(정진홍),Sang-Hoon Ji(지상훈),Weon-Jae Kim(김원재) 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

천연 제올라이트의 성능: 컬럼 테스트 연구

( Miratul Maghfiroh ),임현만 ( Lim Hyun-man ),안광호 ( Ahn Kwang-ho ),정진홍 ( Jung Jin-hung ),장여주 ( Jang Yeo-ju ),장향연 ( Chang Hyang-yeon ),박나리 ( Park Na-ri ),김원재 ( Kim Weon-jae ) 한국물환경학회 2020 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2020 No.-

Water shortage becomes apparent threat whereby millions of people in the world are estimated to have experienced it even for a year-round. Recycling, reusing and reclaiming wastewater are among countermeasures to wisely utilize water in the future. Natural zeolites cater capabilities to recover polluted water. Zeolites act as ion exchangers by which favorable ions are adsorbed into active sites in the zeolite frameworks in exchange to ions with less affinity. These materials are also comparatively inexpensive and low-energy cost in maintenance especially for up-scale practices. We studied the performance of Korean domestic natural zeolites through column tests by analyzing breakthrough curves and evaluated the data according to Adam-Bohart and Thomas models. This study benefits to gain insights on appropriate design parameters for pilot scale in the future. Based on XRD analysis, our natural zeolites contain heulandite, clinoptilolite, mordenite, and quartz. It was also revealed that silica was 74.3% and aluminum compound was 14.6%. Column tests were carried out in a continuos flow with synthetic ammonium solutions of 50 mg/L as the influent. Bed height was 27.5 cm and particle sizes of zeolites were 1.18-2.36 mm. Two vertical velocities (5 m/h and 2.5 m/h) were chosen in this study. Observations of ammonium concentrations were monitored at certain times until breakthrough was reached around 50%. According to the curves, breakthrough of 0.05 Ct/C0 was achieved after 1.7 hours and 5.6 hours when using 5 m/h and 2.5 m/h vertical velocity correspondingly. We also challenged our experimental data against two common models for sorption in packed bed i.e. Adam-Bohart and Thomas models using non-linear regression approaches. We found that Thomas model fitted the experimental data well showing R²>0.92 with SSE<0.04. Adam-Bohart model explained mass balance of sorption process while Thomas model assumes that the reactions in packed bed are reversible.

천연 제올라이트의 성능: 컬럼 테스트 연구

( Miratul Maghfiroh ),임현만 ( Lim Hyun-man ),안광호 ( Ahn Kwang-ho ),정진홍 ( Jung Jin-hung ),장여주 ( Jang Yeo-ju ),장향연 ( Chang Hyang-yeon ),박나리 ( Park Na-ri ),김원재 ( Kim Weon-jae ) 한국물환경학회 2020 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2020 No.-

Water shortage becomes apparent threat whereby millions of people in the world are estimated to have experienced it even for a year-round. Recycling, reusing and reclaiming wastewater are among countermeasures to wisely utilize water in the future. Natural zeolites cater capabilities to recover polluted water. Zeolites act as ion exchangers by which favorable ions are adsorbed into active sites in the zeolite frameworks in exchange to ions with less affinity. These materials are also comparatively inexpensive and low-energy cost in maintenance especially for up-scale practices. We studied the performance of Korean domestic natural zeolites through column tests by analyzing breakthrough curves and evaluated the data according to Adam-Bohart and Thomas models. This study benefits to gain insights on appropriate design parameters for pilot scale in the future. Based on XRD analysis, our natural zeolites contain heulandite, clinoptilolite, mordenite, and quartz. It was also revealed that silica was 74.3% and aluminum compound was 14.6%. Column tests were carried out in a continuos flow with synthetic ammonium solutions of 50 mg/L as the influent. Bed height was 27.5 cm and particle sizes of zeolites were 1.18-2.36 mm. Two vertical velocities (5 m/h and 2.5 m/h) were chosen in this study. Observations of ammonium concentrations were monitored at certain times until breakthrough was reached around 50%. According to the curves, breakthrough of 0.05 Ct/C0 was achieved after 1.7 hours and 5.6 hours when using 5 m/h and 2.5 m/h vertical velocity correspondingly. We also challenged our experimental data against two common models for sorption in packed bed i.e. Adam-Bohart and Thomas models using non-linear regression approaches. We found that Thomas model fitted the experimental data well showing R²>0.92 with SSE<0.04. Adam-Bohart model explained mass balance of sorption process while Thomas model assumes that the reactions in packed bed are reversible.