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- 저자 : 임광순 ( Lim Gwang Soon ) (검색결과 1 건)
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임광순(Lim, Gwang-soon) 한국역사연구회 2016 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.102
Studies on the 1970s dealt with diverse topics, but shared the same perspective of emphasizing the oppressive nature of the “Yushin(유신)” system. This ironically sidelined the role played by the “Special Act concerning National Security”, which was the basis of the Yushin system’s existence itself. Studies of Labor history in the 1980s and ‘90s also concentrated on examining the abnormal nature of Korean Capitalism and the oppressive nature of the Yushin system, while studies of the 2000s concentrated upon examining the consciousness, culture and identity of the factory workers. In this article, the labor policy of the 1970s is viewed as a policy formed in a climate which was witnessing the clashing of many different interests, as we can see from the nature of the so-called “Factory New Village(Saemaeul) movement,” which was one of the major pillars of the government’s labor policy at the time. It was a movement conceived, arranged and supported by the government, but was joined by many factions and individuals who had their own reasons and agendas. It is indeed a valid subject that could raise our understanding of their perspectives. During the early half of the 1970s, the government and the Entrepreneur group modified its legal strategies behind their own labor control policies. But then, after 1976 the Korean labor market changed rapidly, due to industrialization and a booming economy. Because of these changes, the labor control strategy established in the early 1970s could not function anymore, and the government and the entrepreneur group tried to turn the tides with the “Factory New Village” movement. This movement, which began at the most lower ranks inside factories, generated an unexpected effect. As union activities were severely oppressed at the time, the workers used this Factory New Village movement to spread and inseminate ideas addressing their own problems. The experience of doing so nourished future labor movements, and as political and economic crises attacked Korea in 1979 and ‘80, a nationwide labor disputes and strikes exploded. The manner in which they broke out was quite different from the 1970s, but it should be noted that such disputes and strikes were using words and expressions perpetuated by their own opponents, which designed the ideology behind ruling in the 1970s. 1
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