만성 (慢性) 활동성 (活動性) 간질환에서 (肝疾患) 아연 및 동의 (銅) 혈청 농도와 (濃度) 소변 (小便) 내 (內) 배설양 (批泄量)

이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),김정용(Jung Lyoung Kim) 대한소화기학회 1983 대한소화기학회지 Vol.15 No.1

N/A Zinc and copper are two of the most intensively investigated and most metabolically important trace metal nutrients. For this reason, and because of their close chemical similarty and extensive biological interaction, they are often considered together. Copper and zinc are important trace metals involved in several hepatic enzyme systems and are stored in large quantity in the liver. Therefore, it is expected that chronic diseases of the liver have been associated with alterations in serum and urinary levels of zinc. Serum zinc and copper were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotorrictry and serum ceruloplasmin was measured spectrophotometrically from serum oxidase activity using paraphenylene-diamine as the substrate in 10 patients with chronic active liver disease(CALD) including not only 53 patients with liver cirrhosis but also 25 patients with chronic active hepatitis and 32 patients with primary liver cancer, and in 17 patients with a acute viral hepatitis and 20 healthy persons as control. Changes in serum zinc and copper, chekced weekly in three patients with CALD during the cocrse of more than two months of hospitalization were correlated with standard measurements of liver function. Urinary excreticn and clearance of zinc and copper were calculated with each urinary concentration which was directly measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 28 paticnts with CALD and in 6 patients with no history- or current clinical evidence of liver disease and ro other diseae reported to influence zinc metabolism as control. Patients with CALD including liver cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis and primary liver cancer were found to have significantly decreased serum zinc concentration. There was a linear relationship between albumin and zinc concentration in the serum. But serum zinc levels were only partially related to the levels of serum ceruloplasmin, and not to the SGOT values. Urinary excretion and clearance of zinc increased in CALD. The increment of clearance is statistically significant. The urinary zinc clearance showed a tendency to be inversely related to serum albumin and serum zinc concentration. The change in serum and urine zinc may te related to changes in the manner by which zinc is bound to serum proteins, particularly albumin. Although serum zinc concentration is remarkably decreased in cirrhotic patients with hepatic coma, there was no correlation between serum zinc and blood ammonia concentration. By contrast, serum ceruloplasmin and copper was normal in patients with liver cirrhosis but significantly increased in patients with chronic active hepatitis and primary liver cancer. The levels of serum copper has positive correlation with serum ceruloplaernin but not with serum albumin and SGOT values. The increases of serum copper in chronic active hepatitis and primary liver cancer were accounted for entirely by increase in the concentration of ceruloplasmin. The cirrhotic patients with hepatic coma showed somewhat decreased level of serum ceruloplasmin and copper, which was not statistically significant. But there were 4 cases (about 8%) out of 53 cirrhotic patients who showed definitely decreased serum ceruloplasmin concentration that differs from the mean of the normal control by more twice the standard deviation. Daily urinary copper excretion and clearance were significantly increased in CALD, but its change has not been related to the changes of serurn albumin or serum copper concentrations. The present work revealed markedly altered zinc and copper metabolism in CALD and showed the differences in alteration between the two trace metals. These differences were considered to be derived from the different main serum binding protein, namely albumin for zinc and ceruloplasmin for copper, and from the difference between their main excretory pathways. It is concluded in term of copper metabolism in CALD that chemical test routinely used to assess copper metabolism in Wilsons disease including seru

공유가치창출(CVS)을 통한 가톨릭교회 선교: 성 이시돌 목장 사례

이효석 ( Hyo-suk Lee ) 한국윤리경영학회 2016 윤리경영연구 Vol.16 No.1

가톨릭교회에서 선교는 조직의 본질적인 사명으로써 로마시대부터 중세를 거쳐 현대에 이르기까지 다양한 방법을 통해 이를 수행해 왔다. 오늘날 효과적이며 효율적인 선교 방식을 최근 경영학에서 새로운 경영방식으로 주목하고 있는 마이클 포터 교수가 주장한 공유가치창출(Creating Shared Value)의 개념을 활용하여 제시하고자 한다. 공유가치창출 경영의 핵심은 기업의 수익창출이 지역사회와 상생을 통해 이루어지는 것이다. 따라서 공유가치창출을 통한 경영과 가톨릭교회의 선교를 접목시켜 교회가 선교지역에서 기업을 운영하게 된다면 현지 주민에게도 많은 혜택을 줄 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 선교지역에서 안정적으로 선교가 이루어질 수 있을 것이다. 공유가치창출을 통한 선교의 사례로 1960년대 성골롬반 외방 선교회 소속의 맥그린치 신부가 설립한 제주도의 성 이시돌 목장을 들 수 있다. 그는 6 25와 4 3사건으로 폐허가 된 제주도를 축산업을 통해 가난을 이겨낼 수 있는 기반을 마련해 주었으며 이를 통해 자연스럽게 제주도에 가톨릭 복음화를 이루어냈다. 본 논문은 성 이시돌 목장의 사례를 분석하여 이를 바탕으로 가톨릭교회 선교의 새로운 대안이 될 수 있는 공유가치창출을 통한 가톨릭교회의 선교 방법을 제안한다. The Catholic Church adopted various approaches to propagate Christianity, an essential mission of the organization, throughout the periods of Roman, medieval, and modern societies. I would like to suggest that the most effective and efficient way to Mission these days is through a new way of management, which has recently been introduced and has caught the attention of most corporations, which is corporation management through Creating Shared Value by Prof. Michael Everett Porter. The key point of Creating Shared Value management is to encourage mutual growth by making corporate profit within the regional community. Therefore, I have concluded that if the Catholic Church operates a corporation in its mission region by grafting this Creating Shared Value into their missionary, they would be able to offer more benefits for the citizens and perform settled missionary in the region. There is a good example of the Creating Shared Value method that is being utilized by the PJ. Maglinchey of Missionary society of Saint Columban, established on ST. ISIDORE FARM in Jeju island in the 1960s. He established a livestock industry infrastructure to overcome poverty and rebuild the waste land on Jeju island caused by the Korean War and the April 3rd incident. Through these efforts, he was able to naturally achieve evangelization on Jeju island. The purpose of this articles is to analyze the model incorporated by the ST. ISIDORE FARM and to propose that example to the Catholic Church’s mission, which is to suggest the use of these new alternative methods of creating shared value in their community.

흰쥐에서 혈청 (血淸) Fructose - 1 , 6 - Diphosphatase 측정에 의한 문맥주위 (門脈周圍) 및 간소엽중심부 (肝小葉中心部) 괴사의 (壞死) 판별

이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),이정균(Chung Kyoon Lee),깅정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한소화기학회 1985 대한소화기학회지 Vol.17 No.2

N/A In order to test the hypothesis that periportal(acinar zone 1) and pericentral(acinar zone 3) necrosis can be differentiated by measurement of serum fructose-l, 6-diphosphatase (FDP) which has been reported to be predominanely distributed in the periportal zone of the acinus, the enzyme was assayed in serum during periportal necrosis induced by allyl alcohol(0.62m mole/kg, dissolved in 0.9% NaCl Itraperitoreally) and during pericentral necrosis by bromobenzene(3.80m mole/kg, dissolved in corn oil, intraperitoneally), and the activities were compared in two conditions. Serum FDP activities in normal saline control, allyl alcohol-treated normal histologic finding, minimal, moderate and severe periportal necrosis groups were 0.005+-0.018, 0.048+-0.018,0.090+-0.009,0.113+-0.029 and 0.140+-0.010 unit/ml, respectively. The levels in moderate and severe periportal recros group were significantly(p<p.01) elevated in comparison with those of normal control. Serum FDP activities in normal corn oil control, bromobenzene treated normal histologic finding, minimal, moderate and severe pericentral necrosis groups were 0.056+-0.014, 0.048+-0.014. 0.059+-0.021, 0.078+-0.021 and 0.124+-0.12 unit/ml, respectively, and it showed that the levels in minimal and moderate necrosis groups were nearly the same as those in normal control, and only those in group of severe necrosis showed significant (p<0.0l) elevation. The ALT and FDP activities between two groups have significantly correlated (r=0.665, r = 0.724), but the regression equation that is y=0.0085 x+0.069 or y=0.01 x +0.04 respectively, was significantly different. These results indicated that at least experimental necrosis of the periportal and perice- ntra! Zones in the rats can be differentiated by measurement of serum FDP. And it was suggested that simultaneous measurements of either serum beta-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase or pyruvate kinase which was reported to be predominantly distr ibuted at the pericentral zone would help to differentiate more precisely.

심포지움 : 간암의 내과적 진단

이효석 (Hyo Suk Lee) 대한소화기학회 1993 대한소화기학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.1993 No.-

사람 태아 간세포 및 섬유아세포의 장기 일차 배양 및 계대 배양

이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),김용태(Yong Tae Kim),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.1

N/A Cultured normal hepatocytes might be a useful system in probing the effect of hepatotoxic, carcinogenic and viral agents as well as in studying the regulation of specific hepatocellular functions, and cultured human fibroblasts might provide a helpful system in researching developement of fibrosis in the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis. This study was designed to establish the long-term primary culture and subculture of hepatocyte and fibroblasts using 2 different culture media, namely, a serum-free completely defined medium and a medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, respectively. Cells obtained by collagenase dissociation from the livers of human fetus taken by abortion at 18 to 22 weeks of gestation were maintained on a substratum of positively charged plastic. 1) In a serum-free medium, epitheloid polygonal cells which were morphologically considered hepatocytes, proliferated to form a confluent culture and retained their initial shape for more than 3 weeks and could be subcultured. 2) In a medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, spindle-shaped cells, which had the morphological characteristics of fibroblasts, proliferated and could be subcultured for more than 36 passages over a period of 6 months. Thus, we established a long-term culture and passage of human fetal hepatocyte.

공유가치창출(CVS)을 통한 가톨릭교회 선교: 성 이시돌 목장 사례

이효석(Hyo-Suk LEE) 한국윤리경영학회 2016 윤리경영연구 Vol.16 No.2

가톨릭교회에서 선교는 조직의 본질적인 사명으로써 로마시대부터 중세를 거쳐 현대 에 이르기까지 다양한 방법을 통해 이를 수행해 왔다. 오늘날 효과적이며 효율적인 선 교 방식을 최근 경영학에서 새로운 경영방식으로 주목하고 있는 마이클 포터 교수가 주 장한 공유가치창출(Creating Shared Value)의 개념을 활용하여 제시하고자 한다. 공유가치창출 경영의 핵심은 기업의 수익창출이 지역사회와 상생을 통해 이루어지는 것이다. 따라서 공유가치창출을 통한 경영과 가톨릭교회의 선교를 접목시켜 교회가 선 교지역에서 기업을 운영하게 된다면 현지 주민에게도 많은 혜택을 줄 수 있을 뿐만 아 니라 선교지역에서 안정적으로 선교가 이루어질 수 있을 것이다. 공유가치창출을 통한 선교의 사례로 1960년대 성골롬반 외방 선교회 소속의 맥그린치 신부가 설립한 제주도의 성 이시돌 목장을 들 수 있다. 그는 6 25와 4 3사건으로 폐허가 된 제주도를 축산업을 통해 가난을 이겨낼 수 있는 기반을 마련해 주었으며 이를 통해 자연스럽게 제주도에 가톨릭 복음화를 이루어냈다. 본 논문은 성 이시돌 목장의 사례를 분석하여 이를 바탕으로 가톨릭교회 선교의 새로운 대안이 될 수 있는 공유가치창출을 통한 가톨릭교회의 선교 방법을 제안한다. The Catholic Church adopted various approaches to propagate Christianity, an essential mission of the organization, throughout the periods of Roman, medieval, and modern societies. I would like to suggest that the most effective and efficient way to Mission these days is through a new way of management, which has recently been introduced and has caught the attention of most corporations, which is corporation management through Creating Shared Value by Prof. Michael Everett Porter. The key point of Creating Shared Value management is to encourage mutual growth by making corporate profit within the regional community. Therefore, I have concluded that if the Catholic Church operates a corporation in its mission region by grafting this Creating Shared Value into their missionary, they would be able to offer more benefits for the citizens and perform settled missionary in the region. There is a good example of the Creating Shared Value method that is being utilized by the PJ. Maglinchey of Missionary society of Saint Columban, established on ST. ISIDORE FARM in Jeju island in the 1960s. He established a livestock industry infrastructure to overcome poverty and rebuild the waste land on Jeju island caused by the Korean War and the April 3rd incident. Through these efforts, he was able to naturally achieve evangelization on Jeju island. The purpose of this articles is to analyze the model incorporated by the ST. ISIDORE FARM and to propose that example to the Catholic Church’s mission, which is to suggest the use of these new alternative methods of creating shared value in their community.

만성 활동성 간질환 환자에서 Diphenyl - Dimethyl - Dicarboxylate 의 혈청 Alanine Aminotransferase 치 저하 효과에 관한 전향적 무작위 선정 대조 연구

이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),김용태(Yong Tae Kim),윤용범(Yong Bum Yoon),송인성(In Sung Song),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim),정현채(Hyun Chae Jung) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.40 No.2

N/A A prospective randomized controlled trial of a long-term (12 months) therapy with diphenyl-dimethyl- dicarboxlylate (PMC) was performed in a total number of 66 patients with chronic active liver diseases: Thirty one patients received PMC 150 ㎎/d and age, sex-matched 35 patients were enrolled as non-treated controls. Among the 31 patients treated with PMC, PMC was given to 21 patients for 12 months from the start of the study (Group PMC-1) and was given to the rest of 10 patients from the 7th month after 6 months` follow-up period without PMC (Group PMC-2). Serum ALT levels in Group PMC-1 decreased from 192±77 (mean±SD)(U/L) of pre-treatment level to 43±44, 34±38, 23±12, 30±24, 26±16, 29±28, and 27±19 (U/L) at 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th month respectively. In contrast, ALT levels of the control patients changed from 180±90 (U/L) of pre-treatment level to 159±100, 159±83, 176±84, 146±67, 115±51, 121±73, and 127±68 (U/L) at 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th month respectively. Therefore, there was remarkable difference in the mean ALT levels between Group PMC-1 and control group from the 1st month through to the 12th month (p<0.001). The changes in serum ALT in Group PMC-2 were similar to those of Group PMC-1. However, the difference in the mean serum AST levels between Group PMC-1 and control group were not significant (p>0.05) except for at 4th month (p<0.05). No significant adverse effects were observed except for transient and mild upper gastrointestinal symptoms during PMC treatment.

만성 간질환 환자에서의 , 소화성 궤양에 대한 Misoprostol ( Cytotec ) 의 치료 효과

이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),유권(Kwon Yoo),윤한두(Handoo Youn) 대한소화기학회 1989 대한소화기학회지 Vol.21 No.4

N/A The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of misoprostol (Cytotec) for the healing of gastroduodenal ulcer by double blind clinical trial. Twenty four patients with endoscopically- proven gastric or duodenal ulcer complicating chronic liver disease were randomized to receive misoprostol 200 ug or placebo 4 times a day for 4 weeks. Endoscopic, clinical and laboratory assessments were made before, during and after 4 weeks' treatment. The results were summerized as followitng; 1) After 4 weeks' treatment with misoprostol or placebo, complete healing rates of gastroduodenal ulcer were 36.4%, 0%, respectively and marked improvement (at least 3 endoscopic stages of the ulcer state,) was observed in 72.7%, 15.4%, respectively(p<0.03). 2) One patient treated with misoprostol suffered from mild watery diarrhea, which was transient in spite of continued administration. Another patient complained of mild lower abdominal discomfort. There was no evidence of significant drug-related hepatocellular injury and the precipitation of hepatic failure or encephalopathy by the misoprostol. We conclude that misoprostol 200 ug 4 times a day is effective as well as safe for the healing of gastroduodenal ulcer in patients with chronic liver disease.

가족집적성을 보이는 B형간염 바이러스 만성보유자에서 바이러스 유전자의 돌연변이와 주조직접합체 양상 - 질병발현 형태와의 관련성을 중심으로 -

정승필,이효석,김정룡,안윤옥,Jung, Seung-Pil,Lee, Hyo-Suk,Kim, Chung-Yong,Ahn, Yoon-Ok 대한예방의학회 2000 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.33 No.3

Objectives : Chronic HBsAg carriers are the principal source of infection for other susceptible people, and are themselves at high risk of developing serious liver diseases. In Korea, it has been estimated that 65-75% of the HBsAg positives remained as persistent carriers. Additionally, familial clustering of MBV infection has frequently been observed among carriers. Some would become progressive, chronic hepatitis patients, and others would not. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between various factors, such as the duration of infection, type of virus, mutation of precore/core region in HBV, major histocompatibility class-I, and developing chronic liver diseases among familial HBV carriers. Methods : Chronic carrier status was identified by repeated serological tests for HBsAg at intervals of six months or more. A familial chronic carrier was defined when the disease was observed in a family member over two generations. Two families were recruited, among which a total of 20 chronic HBsAg carriers(11 carriers in No.1, and 9 in No.2 family) were identified. Data on the general characteristics and liver disease status were collected. Identification of the HBV-DNA was successful only for 13 subjects among the 20 carriers. Analysis of viral DNA in terms of subtype, pre-core and core region mutations was carried out. The type of major histocompatibility class-1 for the 13 subjects was also analysed. Results & Conclusions : Seven of 10 chronic HBV carriers of the 1st generation and one of 10 of the 2nd generation were clinical patients with chronic hepatitis, the others, three of the 1 st and nine of the 2nd generation, were asymptomatic carriers. This data indicates that the duration of HBV carriage is one of the major factors for disease severity. The subtype of HBsAg analysed using MBV-DNA identified in 13 carriers were adr, and the pattern of precore nonsense mutation in HBV-DNA was identical among family members, which meads that the same virus strains were transmitted between the family members. The association between the precore or core mutations in HBV-DNA and the disease severity was not observed. While it was suggested that a specific type of MHC class-I may be related to disease progression.

정맥류내 주사법에 의한 식도정맥류경화술의 임상적 경험

윤석주(Suk Joo Youn),정원재(Won Jae Jung),최상운(Sang Woon Choi),정현채(Hyun Chai Chung),김해련(Hae Ryun Kim),이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),윤용범(Yong Bum Youn),송인성(In Sung Song),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1987 대한내과학회지 Vol.33 No.5

N/A Between Nov. 1985 to Mar. 1987, we have administered endoscopic injection sclerotherapy to 54 patients who had bled from esophageal varices by intravariceal method and obtained following results: 1) In 27 patients who had reached complete sclerosis of esophageal varices, it took 4.7±1.9 (mean+SD) sessions (range 1-11 sessions) for complete sclerosing to occur. And taking the drop-out rate into consideration, complete sclerosis might be obtained in about 72% of patients with upto 7 sessions of treatment. 2) The failure rate of sclerotherapy representing death due to uncontrollable variceal hemorrhage and resort to operative management due to poor sclerosing response was below 10%. 3) Among those who have reached complete sclerosis, 11 patients were followed up for 1-11 months and in five of them (45%) further episodes of variceal bleeding were observed all of which were related to re-appearance of varices. 4) To prevent rebleeding from esophageal varices, it is important to maintain complete obliteration of varices and we recommend follow-up after complete sclerosis at 3 months` interval at least for the first one year. 5) Fatal complications have occurred at a rate of 1% on terms of treatment sessions in 5.5% of patients but with proper medical management no mortality has resulted. In conclusion, the endoscopic sclerotherapy using flexible endoscope and intravariceal injection method seems to be highly safe and may be an effective way of managing the patients with variceal hemorrhage both in acute control and long term prevention of variceal bleeding and therefore shou1d be considered as first line therapy prior to resort to operative measures.