정상 피부조직과 포진후 동통 환자의 피부조직에서 신경펩티드 면역반응 신경섬유의 발현과 분포양상에 관한 비교 연구

이화정,성경제,고재경 (Hwa Jung Lee,Kyung Jeh Sung,Jai Kyoung Koh) 대한피부과학회 1996 대한피부과학회지 Vol.34 No.2

Background: Neuropeptides are biologically active polypeptides in sensory afferent nerve fibers and autonomic afferent nerve fibers, where they coexist with neurotransmitters. In additian to the neurotransmitter or neuroendocrine role, neuropeptides play a role in mitogenic action in tissues and modulation in immure response. The cutaneous diseases which may be related to neuropeptides are psoiriasis, atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, postherpetic neuralgia, hemodialysis related pruritus, and scleorderma. Objectives : We carried out two kinds of experiments to study the role of neuropeptides in postherpetic neuralgia. Firstly, we investigated the occurrence and distribution of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene relating peptide(CGRP), vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP), neuropeptide Y (NY), neurokinin A(NA), and somatostatin in normal human skin, provided the principal information needed to identify the neuropeptide role in several cutaneous diseases. Secondly, we compared the distribution of neuropeptides in normal skin and those in the skin of patients with postherpetic neuralgia. Methods : We used the indirect immunofluorescence staining method to achieve two objectives mentioned above, Results : In almost all regions of normal human skin and the skin of patients with postherpetic neuralgia, significant amounts of SP, CGRP, VIP, NY, NA, and somatostatin immunoreactive nerve fibers(IRNF) were found. CGRP, VIP, and NY IRNF were more frequently observed around sweat glands and blood vessels. Only VIP IRNF were found occasionally in the epidermis. Conclusion : There was no difference between the neuropeptides IRNF of the skin from patients with postherpetic neuralgia and those of the normal skin except the absence of VIP IRNF in patients with postherpetic neuralgia. (Kor J Dermatol 1996;34(2): 273-278)

설문조사에서의 무응답 처리

이화정,강석복,Lee, Hwa-Jung,Kang, Suk-Bok 한국데이터정보과학회 2012 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.23 No.6

설문조사를 실시할 경우 무응답이 발생하지 않는 경우는 매우 드문일이며 무응답이 발생할 경우 무응답처리에 대해서는 다양한 방법이 적용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 무응답의 두 가지 유형인 단위무응답과 항목무응답의 발생비율을 기존에 조사된 실제 사례를 이용하여 파악하였으며, 무응답률에 따른 분석결과의 차이를 비교하였다. 또한, 대학생들을 대상으로 집단면접조사를 통해 직접 자료를 수집하였고 이 자료를 바탕으로 무응답률과 무응답이 발생하는 이유를 제시하였다. When it comes to a survey, no answer would occur frequently. Therefore various methods for handling nonresponse have been applied to analyse the survey. In this paper, the ratio of occurrence of two type of nonresponse cases - unit nonresponse and item nonresponse - is presented using previous real survey data, and we compared complete data and data with nonresponse. We suggest the reason of happening of nonresponse and the ratio of nonresponse using data collected through group interviews.

인진호(茵陳蒿)의 기미론(氣味論)적 해석과 내외부형태연구

이화정,최문일,김자영,강경식,신철균,주영승,윤주봉,Lee, Hwa-Jung,Choi, Mun-Il,Kim, Ja-Young,Kang, Kyoung-Sik,Shin, Chol-Gyun,Jul, Young-Sung,Yun, Ju-Bong 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2006 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Objectives : The aim of this work is the approaching of properties-flavours theory and the making of morphological standard in Artemisiae herba. Methods : The properties-flavours theory were attempted with bibliographic method and various climate-information. The external-internal morphological standards were determined by using stereoscope and butanol series. Conclusions : The following is a list the conclusion of the approaching of properties-flavours theory and how to make the standard of morphological standard in artemisiae herba. 1. The significant analysis for the artemisiae herba as the properties-flavours theory, is a follow-up survey of the effect written in the official oriental medicine book 2. The other analytic methods according to the gathering time, processing or storing system or especially nature or growth environment(altitude, temperature,. the mean moisture, and the agronomical survey) by way of the explanation of properties-flavours theory appears so many insufficiency at the many cases. 3. In the case of artemisiae herba., there are 2 cases(Artemisia capillaris $T_{HUNB}$ and A. iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$) in current and recently A. aruwa L. is substituted for artemisiae herba in circulation. 4. The external and internal characteristics according to the shape of original plant or herbal states, entirely correspond to all the official oriental medicine boo 5. According to the place of productiot the difference appeals. (1) A. capillatis $T_{HUNB}$. has leaves like a fine thread, and A. iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$ has big and wide leaves, and shows some reddish color, and A. aruwa L. has narrow leaves, its section lines long vertically. (2) In the internal shapes, as the A. capillatis $T_{HUNB}$. leaves', upper epidermal cell wall shows relatively straight form, its all upper- lower epidemical cell wall has a stoma, and calcium rosette crystal is relatively few. As iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$, all upper- lower epidermal cell wall is wavelike concave, and hypodermics has many stoma and many calcium rosette crystal. (3) In the internal shapes of A. aruwa L. the shape of leaves' epidermal cell is irregular and has so many non-glandular hair nad glandular hair on its surface.

청소년패널자료 분석에서의 반복측정분산분석을 활용한 잠재성장모형

이화정,강석복,Lee, Hwa-Jung,Kang, Suk-Bok 한국데이터정보과학회 2013 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.24 No.6

최근 종단자료 분석방법으로 많이 연구되는 잠재성장모형으로 청소년 패널자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 잠재성장모형 분석에서 비조건적 모형을 좀 더 빠르게 찾기 위해 비조건적 모형에 반복측정 분산분석의 결과를 활용하였다. 또한, 비조건적 모형을 결정하기 위해 기존에 주로 사용된 6개 유형, 2차모형과 반복측정분산분석의 결과를 적용한 모형들을 비교하였다. We analyzed the data from KYPS using the latent growth model which has been widely studied as an analysis method of longitudinal data. In this study, we applied repeated measures ANOVA to unconditional model in order for faster decision of the unconditional model of the latent growth model. Also, we compared the six-type models, the quadratic model and the model of which repeated measures ANOVA is applied.

한국아동·청소년패널조사자료에서 단위무응답의 실태 및 가중치 적용

이화정,강석복,Lee, Hwa-Jung,Kang, Suk-Bok 한국데이터정보과학회 2014 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.25 No.6

설문조사에서는 대부분 단위무응답 또는 항목무응답이 발생한다. 무응답 발생비율이 높은 경우 무응답을 무시한 분석은 잘못된 결과를 초래할 수도 있으므로 무응답에 대한 특성 파악도 필요하다. 횡단자료에서는 항목무응답 특성에 대한 연구는 가능하나 단위무응답의 특성을 파악하기가 어렵다. 단위무응답의 특성을 파악하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 종단자료인 한국아동 청소년패널조사 중 중1패널자료를 이용하였다. 최근까지 공개된 한국아동 청소년패널조사자료를 이용한 논문들의 무응답 처리 실태를 파악하고, 그 중 단위무응답의 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 이 자료를 이용한 논문에서는 대부분 단위무응답의 처리를 제거하는 방식을 취하고 있으며, 이 자료에서 제공하고 있는 가중치를 이용한 논문은 거의 없었다. 이에 단위무응답의 처리방법 중 가중치를 이용한 방법과 그 대상을 제외하는 두 가지 방법에 대해 여러 가지 특성들의 분석을 비교하였다. 많은 항목에서 두 가지 방법의 결과가 상이하게 나타났으며, 가중치를 이용한 경우가 제거법에 의한 결과에 비해 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 더 많이 나타나 무응답에 대해 많은 논의가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Usually unit-nonresponse or item-nonresponse occurs in the survey. In case the rate of nonresponse is high, the analysis ignoring nonresponse may cause the wrong effect. The characterization of nonresponse is required. In a cross-sectional data, it is possible to study the characteristics of item-nonresponse but it is hard to study the characteristics of the unit-nonresponse. In order to identify the characteristics of the unit-nonresponse, this study used the first-year student of middle schools in the Korea children and youth panel survey (KCYPS) data. We investigated the handling situation of nonresponse and analyzed the characteristics of the unit-nonresponse. Most of the papers applied the way of getting rid of nonresponse, so that there was little paper using weights. In this paper, we compared the results of the analyses depending on whether the weight is used or not. The method of using weights showed statistically significant results much more than that of removing. More discussion will be needed.

길경(桔梗)의 내외부형태 연구

이화정,최문일,윤주봉,김자영,강경식,신철균,주영승,Lee, Hwa-Jung,Choi, Mun-Il,Yun, Ju-Bong,Kim, Ja-Young,Kang, Kyoung-Sik,Shin, Chol-Gyun,Ju, Young-Sung 대한한의학방제학회 2006 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

Objectives: The aim of this work is the making of morphological standard in platycodi radix. Methods: The external-internal morphological standards were determined by using stereoscope and butanol series. Conclusions: The external and internal characteristics according to the shape of original plant or herbal states. entirely correspond to all the literature on this subject. According to the place of production. the difference appears. (1) In the external shapes. as the Korean products. the distinction among the first. medium. poor class products was caused by the state of processing of desiccation. But as the foreign products, it was caused by the difference of size, color and especially color of circle. (2) In the internal shapes. the Mt. Baekdu region products is not skinned and has the deep state of suberization of cork phellogen. so it makes certain distinctional point. And the Korean products has the much latex tube group relatively and the bigger crevice than the foreign one.

증례 : 혈액종양 ; 자궁내막으로 전이된 미세유두상 유방암 1예

이화정 ( Hwa Jeong Lee ),강성훈 ( Seong Hun Kang ),지준호 ( Jun Ho Ji ),이선아 ( Sun Ah Lee ),이원식 ( Won Sik Lee ),이정림 ( Jung Lim Lee ),구미진 ( Mi Jin Gu ) 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.79 No.3

유방암은 여성에서 가장 흔한 암으로 적절한 치료 후에도 전이가 잘 발생한다. 그러나 유방암의 자궁 전이는 매우 드물다. 62세의 여자 환자가 유방암으로 신보조항암화학요법 후 우측 유방 변형근치적유방절제술을 받고 보조항암화학요법과 방사선 치료를 받았다. 그 후 폐의 전이성 유방암으로 설상절제술 후 capecitabine으로 치료하였으나 피부 전이가 새로 발생하여 gemcitabine/navelbine으로 치료하였다. 최근 3주간의 질 점상출혈로 실시한 골반 자기공명영상에서 자궁 근층의 침윤을 동반한 자궁내막강 내 1.1 cm의 종양이 관찰되었다. 조직학적 소견에서 유방암의 자궁내막전이로 진단하고 자궁에 방사선 치료 및 docetaxel/cyclophosphamide로 치료하였으나 진행되어 trastuzumab으로 다시 치료하였으나 유방암은 계속 진행되었다. 저자들은 자궁 전이를 보이는 유방암 환자 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Even if appropriate treatments are applied, metastasis can occur in any organ of the body. Uterine metastasis from an extrapelvic tumor such as breast cancer is very rare. A 62-year-old woman with breast cancer was treated with modified radical mastectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. A single lung metastasis developed at 2 years after surgery, and the patient underwent wedge resection followed by capecitabine chemotherapy. Afterwards, the patient was treated with gemcitabine/vinorelbine chemotherapy for skin metastasis. Recently, she complained of vaginal spotting for 3 weeks. MRI of the uterus revealed a 1.1 cm endometrial tumor with myometrial invasion. Biopsy confirmed papillary carcinoma that originated from previous breast cancer. Although she was treated by palliative radiotherapy to the uterus, docetaxel/cyclophosphamide and trastuzumab, disease progression was observed. (Korean J Med 79:327-330, 2010)

슬러지처리 : 아질산화 슬러지에 미치는 환경 인자의 영향

이화정 ( Hwa Jung Lee ),고수정 ( Su Jeong Ko ),최재인 ( Jae In Choi ),이태호 ( Tae Ho Lee ),박태주 ( Tae Joo Park ) 대한상하수도학회 2003 공동추계 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

간질성 폐질환을 동반한 류마티스관절염 환자의 예후 결정 인자

이화정 ( Hwa Jeong Lee ),최한나 ( Han Na Choi ),김시혜 ( Si Hye Kim ),박성훈 ( Sung Hoon Park ),김성규 ( Seong Kyu Kim ),현대성 ( Dae Sung Hyun ),정경재 ( Kyung Jae Jung ),배지숙 ( Ji Suk Bae ),최정윤 ( Jung Yoon Choi ) 대한류마티스학회 2013 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.20 No.1

류마티스 관절염 환자에서 발생된 비장의 비호지킨 림프종

이화정 ( Hwa Jung Lee ),고진우 ( Jin Woo Koh ),박정현 ( Jung Hyeon Park ),박성남 ( Sung Nam Park ),이규 ( Kyu Lee ),신현주 ( Hyeon Ju Shin ),이충원 ( Choong Won Lee ) 대한류마티스학회 2005 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. Inflammation may usually extend beyond the joints and involve other organs. Clinically detectable splenomegaly is present in 5~10% of RA. Methotrexate (MTX) is a structural analog of folic acid that inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, so cellular proliferation is reduced. MTX has been proven to be effective in treating RA and is believed to be nononcogenic at low, weekly dose employed in the patients with RA. However, recently there has been increased concern about the oncogenic potential of MTX because of several case reports describing the occurrence of non-Hodgkin`s Lymphoma (NHL) in the patients with RA treated with MTX. A 65-year-old woman with RA was treated with low dose MTX (i.e. 10 mg/week) for 3 years. Because of prolonged left upper abdominal pain and thrombocytopenia associated with huge splenomegaly, splenectomy was performed. Biopsy revealed splenic B-cell NHL. We report a case of RA with splenomegaly who developed B-cell NHL in spleen during low dose MTX therapy.