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Eschscholtzia californica의 현탁 세포배양에서 질소원 조절에 의한 세포 성장 및 Benzo[c]phenanthridine Alkaloids 생산량 향상
이송은(Song-Eun Lee),이홍순(Hong Soon Rhee),손석영(Seok-Young SON),박종문(Jong Moon Park) 한국생물공학회 2009 KSBB Journal Vol.24 No.2
본 연구에서는 Eschscholtzia californica의 이차 대사산물인 benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids의 생산량을 향상시키기 위해 주요 영양성분인 질소원 농도를 조절하여 배지의 조성을 최적화하였다. 그 결과, 질산과 암모늄 이온의 초기 농도 비율은 세포 성장과 alkaloids 생산량 증대에 중요한 영향을 미치는 인자로서 작용함을 볼 수 있었다. 총 질소 농도를 standard MS배지의 총 질소원 농도와 동일하게 유지하고 (60 mM), 농도 비율 다양하게 조절했을 때, 세포 성장과 alkaloids 생산량은 질산과 암모늄 이온을 각각 단독으로 이용할 때 보다 효율적으로 증대함을 볼 수 있었다. 최대 성장 (9.84 g DCW/L)과 alkaloids 생산량 (60.72 mg/L)은 50:10의 비율에서 나타났으며, 농도 비율의 감소는 세포 성장을 억제하고 alkaloids 생산량을 감소 시켰다. 또한, 질산과 암모늄 이온이 세포 성장과 alkaloids 생산량에 미치는 영향력을 보다 명확히 확인하기 위해 질산 이온과 암모늄 이온 농도를 각각 조절한 결과, 암모늄 이온이 증가할수록 alkaloids 생산량은 비슷하나, 세포 성장은 감소하였으며, 또한, 질산 이온의 농도를 증가시킬수록 세포 성장은 비슷한 값을 나타내었지만, alkaloids 생산량은 다양한 차이를 나타내었다. 본 실험에서 세포성장과 alkaloids 생산량에 적합한 농도는 50:25 (mol/mol) 비율 에서 나타났으며, 본 실험을 통해 Eschscholtzia californica의 현탁 세포배양에서 질소원 농도의 조절을 통한 외부 환경 조절은 세포 성장과 alkaloids 향상에 매우 효과적이며, 소량의 암모늄 이온의 첨가 시 질산 이온 농도조절은 세포 성장을 억제하지 않으면서 alkaloids 생산량을 유도하는데 적합한 이온임을 확인하였다. The effect of nitrogen source on cell growth and benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids production by modifying NO₃-:NH₄+ ratio in cell suspension culture of Eschscholtzia californica was investigated. When total nitrogen concentration is maintained (60 mM), maximum benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids production is about 60.72 mg/L at 50:10 (mol/mol). This productivity was 3.8 times higher than that obtained when cells were grown instandard MS medium. The decrease of NO₃-:NH₄+ ratio at 60 mM of total nitrogen caused the decline of both growth and benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids production. Under the same concentration of NO₃- (50 mM), higher concentration of NH₄+ inhibited cell growth strongly but induced alkaloids production slightly. Also, under the same concentration of NH₄+ (25 mM), higher concentration of NO₃- induced alkaloids production strongly but high concentration of NO₃- (≥100 mM) interfered alkaloids instead. Maximum benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids production is about 62.71 mg/L at 50:25 (mol/mol). These results suggest that higher biomass and higher alkaloids production could be obtained by optimizing each nitrogen concentration as well as NO₃-:NH₄+ ratio in the culture medium. Nitrate and ammonium in culture medium have distinct role in the regulation of growth and alkaloids production; ammonium had a strong influence on growth while nitrate had an influence on alkaloids production.
최락경(Rak Kyeong Choi),이무용(Moo Yong Rhee),전원호(Won Ho Jeon),김인수(In Su Kim),김석연(Seog Yeon Kim),전용덕(Yong Deog Jeon),이홍순(Hong Soon Lee),유수웅(Soo Woong Yoo),이학중(Hak Choong Lee) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.49 No.5
N/A Objectives: The exercise test is commonly used in conjunction with baseline clinical information to estimate the likelihood that a patient has significant coronary diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine if patterns of ST depression or elevation during exercise testing provide reliable information about the location of an underlying coronary lesion. Methods: We reviewed 49patients out of 137patients who performed treadmill test and coronary angiography at National Medical Center from January, 1984 through August, 1993. All the patients underwent modified Bruce protocol treadmill exercise test and coronary angiography. Exercise ST changes were classified as depression or elevation by lead groups involved(V1-V3, V4-6, I AVL, II III AVF), Coronary angiography was done in several oblique projections and results were reviewed by at least two senior angiographers. Results: 1) There were significant stenosis in coronary angiography in 22cases(70.9%) among positive 31cases, 0cases(0%) among borderline positive 4cases, 5cases(10.2%) among negative 49cases. 11cases(47.8%) among nondiagnostic 23cases, and 3cases(25%) among pseudonormalization 12cases in exercise treadmill tests. 2) The sensitivity of treadmill exercise electrocardiography was 61.2%, and specificity was 81.8%. The sensitivity of each coronary artery diseases was 6l.7% in Left anterior descending artery disease, 66.6% in Right coronary artery disease, 38.5% in Left circumflex artery disease, 100% in 2-vessel disease, and 100% in 3-vessel disease. 3) ST depression was not useful in predicting the site of coronary artery narrowing. In contrast, ST elevation was correlated with coronary artery disease. 4) ST depression was most often seen in leads V4-V6 and leads II III AVF without correlation between the diseased coronary artery and the leads in which ST depression occurred. Conclusion: The exercise treadmill induced depression of the ST segment is an significant sign for predicting the presence of coronary artery disease and for the decision to perform coronary angiography. But, site of ST depression during exercise is not a good predictor of anatomic site of coronary artery disease. The other noninvasive test and coronary angiography may be necessary to nondiagnostic group which revealed insufficient exercise load or target heart rate during exercise test because the presence of coronary artery disease can't be ruled out.
이창원(Chang Won Lee),장덕환(Duk Whan Jang),백인석(In Seok Baek),김장원(Jang Won Kim),배순철(Soon Chul Bae),김철우(Cheol Woo Kim),권재구(Jae Koo Kweon),최락경(Rak Kyeong Choi),이무용(Moo Yong Rhee),이홍순(Hong Soon Lee),유수웅(Soo Wo 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.4
N/A Objectives: Signal-averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) has been found to be a useful noninvasive technique for identifying patients at risk for life-threatening ventricular tachycardia. Delayed and fragmented activation of abnormal myocardial tissues causes the occurrence of high frequency low amplitude (HFLA) electocardiographic signals or late potentials. Generally, there are two methods in analyzing signal-averaged electrocardiography. Late potentials in the time domain analysis do not provide sufficient diagnostic power with regard to life-threatening Ventricular tachycardia. Buckingham et al. (1989) reported a time-domain sensitivity of 62%, a specificity of 75%. Spectral turbulence analysis (STA) of the signal-averaged ECG is the most recent frequency domain technique to improve the time domain sensitivity and specificity. So, We designed the study to compare the efficacy of Time Domain Analysis and Spectral Turbulence Analysis among five groups (Normal control, QRS widening, Postmyocardial infarction, Frequent VPC's with group beats, Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia). Methods: 88 patients were selected from the patients who had been admitted between January 1994 and October l994, at National Medical Center. Patients were divided into five groups, which were respectively, Group A: Normal control group (n=33), Group B: QRS widening group (n=14), Group C: Postmyocardial infarction group (n=10), Group D: Frequent VPC's with group beats (n=22), Group E: Nonsustained VT group (n=9). We compared Spectral Turbulence Analysis and Time Domain Analysis of Signal-Averaged Electrocardiogram by 24 hours-Holter monitoring. Results: 1) In normal control group(Group A), 9.1%(3 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, but, all were negative by Spectral Turbulence An- alysis. 2) In QRS widening group (Group B), 71.4%(10 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, but, all were negative by Spectral Turbulence Analysis. 3) In postmyocardial infarction group (Group C), 309o were positive by Time Domain Analysis, and 10% were positive by Spectral Turbulence Analysis. 4) In frequent VPC's group (Group D), 22.7% (5 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, and, 4.5%(1 patient) was positive by Spectral Tur-bulence Analysis. 5) In Nonsustained VT group (Group E), 33.3% (3 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, and 11.1% (1 patient) was positive by Spectral Turbulence Analysis. Conclusions: In Time Domain Analysis, abnormal results were presented at Group R (QRS widening group) by 71.4%, which was markedly higher than other groups. But, in Spectral Turbulence Analysis, abnormal results were not presented at Group A and Group B. In Group A and Group B, Spectral Turbulence Analysis shows less false positive results than Time Domain Analysis.
간경변증 환자에서 24 시간 심박동수변이를 이용한 자율신경 장애 측정
김철우(Chul Woo Kim),권재구(Jae Goo Kwon),채민수(Min Su Chae),안혜숙(Hye Sook Ahn),조영중(Young Jung Cho),이창원(Chang Won Lee),장덕환(Duk Whan Jang),이무용(Moo Yong Rhee),김학산(Hak San Kim),이홍순(Hong Soon Lee),유수웅(Soo Woong Yo 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.3
N/A Objective: Heart rate variability(HRV) is helpful to diagnosis autonomic disturbance and sympathetic-parasympathetic imbalance in patients with myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus. Patients with liver cirrhosis demonstrate reduced blood pressure despite increased heart rate and increased cardiac output, indicating a fall in peripheral vascular resistance. Autonomic disturbance may contribute to this phenomenon. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the degree of autonomic disturbance and the circadian rhythm of autonomic nervous system by estimating HRV with 24 hour-Holter recorder, Methods : 24 hour-HRV with Del Mar Avionics 563 Holter recorder and cardiovascular reflex tests were carried out on 32 patients with liver cirrhosis and 20 control subjects. We evaluated the presence of autonomic disturbance, and assessed quantitatively the autonomic disturbance. Results: 1) Among cardiovascular reflex tests, Valsalva test, standing test and deep breathing test were showed a significantly decreased response in liver cirrhosis compared with control groups. 2) The standard deviation of 24hours average R-R intervals were showed a significantly decrease in liver cirrhosis than control groups(P<0.0001). The HRV of low frequency(LF. P<.D.001), high frequency(HF, P<0.0001) and total power spectral density (P<0.0001) in liver cirrhosis were statistically lower than control. 3) The LF/HF ratio of patients with liver cirrhosis was showed higher than control at night Conclusion: Non-invasive assessment of 24 hour-HRV has a few advantages in the diagnosis and degree of autonomic disturbance, evaluation of diurnal variation of autonomic tone.