원예와 축산에서 방화곤충의 역할

이형래(Hyung Lae Lee) 한국양봉학회 1993 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.8 No.2

디지털 병원의 CDSS구현을 위한 CPG 개발

이형래 ( Hyung Lae Lee ),원장원 ( Chang Won Won ),이상철 ( Sang Chul Lee ),박상찬 ( Sang Chan Park ) 한국품질경영학회 2014 품질경영학회지 Vol.42 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) model and Clinical Index(CI) for implementing CDSS in digital hospitals. Methods: This study uses EMR data at department of family practice in A hospital; 636 patients, 570 diseases (based on ICD 10-CM criteria), and 37,000 data related with labs and treatments. This study focuses on disease J342 which is the most high rate of incidence. Results: Using the suggested model, this study calculates frequency matrix and probability matrix to find out the correlation of diseases and labs. This study indicates the lab sets of Disease (J342) as CI for CPG. Conclusion: This study suggests CPG model including Lab-based, Disease-Based and Case-based modules. Through 6 level cased-based CPG model, especially, this study develops Clinical Index(CI) such as the Incidence Rate, Lab Rate, Disease Lab Rate, Disease confirmed by Lab.

투명세포신세포암에서 NF-κB의 발현과 임상병리인자에 관한 분석

이영(Young Lee),최정혁(Jeonghyouk Choi),이동기(Dong-Gi Lee),유구한(Koo Han Yoo),민경은(Gyeong Eun Min),이형래(Hyung-Lae Lee),원규연(Kyu Yeoun Won),임성직(Sung-Jig Lim) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2016 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Purpose: A multi-subunit transcription factor NF-κB is associated with anti-apoptotic signals in several cancers including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we investigated whether the expression levels of the NF-κB were related to the clinical properties of human renal cell carcinoma such as nuclear grade, TNM stage, and recurrence free survival. Materials and Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with clear cell RCC between January 2006 and February 2013 were included. Clinicopathological data and survival were investigated. The expressions of NF-κB were investigated by performing immunohistochemical staining on 61 clear cell RCC. The expression levels of NF-κB were divided two groups by the expression levels. Results: Results on the expression of NF-κB were not significant. Analysis of NF-κB expressions is not associated with any of the clinical properties including age, nuclear grade and TNM stage (p=0.613, p=0.059, p=0.107, p=0.570, and p=0.760, respectively). Also, a statistically correlation was not observed between recurrence free survival and NF-κB expression levels (p=0.573). Conclusions: The expressions of the NF-κB were not associated with the clinical properties of clear cell RCC such as age, nuclear grade, TNM stage, and recurrence free survival.

전립선암에서 발생한 맥락막 전이

이영(Young Lee),신용호(Yong Ho Shin),김영빈(Young Bin Kim),이동기(Dong-Gi Lee),이형래(Hyung-Lae Lee) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2016 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Metastasis of choroid from prostate cancer is not common and has not been reported before in Korea. We report a case of decreased vision in a patient with prostate cancer. After external beam radiotherapy, patient had complete response in the choroidal metastasis. Metastasis of choroid secondary to prostate is not common. There have been only 8 cases reported. In this case, we demonstrated that external beam radiotherapy showed a therapeutic effect.

N-Acetyltransferase 2와 glutathione S-transferase mu 및 theta 다형성이 방광암 발생에 미치는 영향에 대한 환자-대조군 연구

김헌,김원재,이형래,이무송,김철환,김로사,남홍매,Kim, Heon,Kim, Wun-Jae,Lee, Hyung-Lae,Lee, Moo-Song,Kim, Cheol-Hwan,Kim, Ro-Sa,Nan, Hong-Mei 대한예방의학회 1998 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.31 No.2

1996년 3월부터 1996년 12월까지 충북대학교병원 비뇨기과에 입원하여 치료를 받은 방광암 환자 67명과 암 아닌 다른 질환을 가진 대조군 67명을 대상으로 흡연, 음주, 직업력 등을 포함한 생활 습관과 NAT2와 GSTM1, 그리고 GSTT1 유전자 다형성 양상을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. NAT2 다형성 분포는, 환자군이 slow, intermediate, rapid acetylator가 각각 3.0%, 38.8%, 58.2%, 그리고 대조군이 7.6%, 40.9%, 51.5%였으며, NAT2의 활성과 방광암 위험도 사이의 관련성은 유의하지 않았다($\chi^2_{trend}=1.18$, P-value>0.05). 2. GSTM1 결손은 환자군의 68.7%, 대조군의 49.3%에서 확인되었으며, OR(95% 신뢰구간)이 2.23(1.12-4.56)으로, 방광암 발생의 위험인자로 나타났다. 3. GSTT1은 환자군의 26.9%,그리고 대조군의 43.3%에서 결손이 있는 것으로 나타나서, GSTT1 결손은 방광암에 대하여 보호효과가 있는 것으로 관찰되었다(OR: 0.48, 95% 신뢰구간: 0.23-0.99). 4. 흡연 여부는 방광암의 발생에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났는데(OR=1.85, 95% CI: 0.85-4.03), 이는 환자군과 대조군의 흡연률이 모두 높기 때문으로 판단된다. 5. 그 외, 음주력, 직업력, 수혈 여부, 그리고 피임시술의 과거력 등의 요인들은 방광암 발생과 유의한 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. Activities of enzymes involved in the metabolism of various carcinogenic xenobiotics is one of the most important host factors for cancer occurrence. N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and glutathione S-transferases (GST) are enzymes which .educe the toxicity of activated carcinogenic metabolites. Slow N-acetylation and lack of GST mu (GSTMI) were reported as risk factors of bladder cancer. GST theta (GSTT1), which is another type of GST, was reported to be deleted at higher proportion among Koreans. Since cause of bladder cancer is not fully explained by single risk factor, many kinds of enzymes would be involved in the metabolism of carcinogens excreted in urine. This study was performed to investigate whether the polymorphisms of NAT2, GSTM1 and GSTT1 are risk factors of bladder cancer and to evaluate the effects of their interaction on bladder cancer development. Sixty-seven bladder cancer and 67 age- and sex-matched non-cancer patients hospitalized in Chungbuk National University Hospital from March to December 1996, are the subjects of this case-control study. Questionnaire interview was done and the genotypes of NAT2, GSTM1 and GSTT1 were identified using PCR methods with DNA extracted from venous blood. The effects of the polymorphism of NAT2 and GSTM1 and their interaction on bladder cancer were statistically tested after controlling the other risk factors. The frequencies of slow, intermediate, and rapid acetylators were 3.0%, 38.8%, and 58.2% to. the cases, and 7.6%, 40.9%, and 51.5% for the controls, respectively. The risk of bladder cancer was not associated with the increase of NAT2 activity($\chi^2_{trend}=1.18$, P-value>0.05). GSTM1 was deleted in 68.7% of the cases and 49.3% of the controls ($\chi^2=5.21$, P-value<0.05), and the odds ratio (95% CI) was 2.23 (1.12 - 4.56). GSTT1 deletion, the .ate of which were 26.9% for the bladder cancer patients and 43.3% for the controls, was a significant protective factor against bladder cancer. Smoking history turned out to be insignificant as a risk factor of bladder cancer (OR=1.85, 95% CI: 0.85 - 4.03), and occupation could not be tested because of the extremely small number of occupational history related to the increase of bladder cancer. In multiple logistic analysis controlling the effects of other risk factors, GSTM1 deletion was the only significant risk factor for bladder cancer (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.22-5.36, P-value<0.05), but slow acetylation and GSTT1 deletion were not. These results suggest that GSTM1 deletion may be a significant risk factor of bladder cancer. Since there have been much debates on causal relationship between slow acetylation and GSTT1 deletion, and bladder cancer, further studies are needed.

방광암에서 Ki-67 Li의 역할

이광주 ( Kwang Ju Lee ),이형래 ( Hyung Lae Lee ),김원재 ( Wun Jae Kim ),김성인 ( Sung In Kim ),황석연 ( Seock Yeon Hwang ) 대한임상검사과학회 1999 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.31 No.2

This study was performed to eva1uate whether Ki-67 labelling index (Ki-67 Li) was associated with c1inica1 parameters of bladder tumor. Fifty two archiva1 tumor specimens from transitiona1 cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in 42 ma1e and 10 female patients rangeing from 30 to 83 years old (mean age; 63.5 years old) were investigated with Ki-67 Li immunohistochemica11y, inc1uding 36 superficia1 and 16 invasive bladder tumors, and grade I in 16, II in 25 and m in 17. In conc1usion, Ki-67 Li had statistica11y significant correlation with tumor stage and grade (p<0.05), but there was veη week correlation between Ki-67 Li and tumor resurrence. These results suspect that Ki-67 Li have some role in tumorigenesis & proliferation of bladder tumor. However, studies with more patients are required to support there correlations.

대사증후군과 전립선질환

이동기(Dong-Gi Lee),이형래(Hyung-Lae Lee) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2012 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disorders, including type 2 diabetes, atherosclerotic disease manifestations, hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia, and is prevalent in older men and causes substantial adverse effects on health. The common mechanism for all these disorders is insulin resistance and a compensatory increased insulin level. Recent studies suggest that metabolic syndrome is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of prostatic diseases. Therefore, urologists need to recognize the effect that the metabolic syndrome has on urological disorders and should deliver this knowledge to their patients.

남매에서 발생한 결절성 경화증 Tuberous Sclerosis in Sibling )

박병대(Byung Dae Park),이형래(Hyung Lae Lee),장성구(Sung Goo Chang),채수응(Soo Eung Chai) 경희대학교 경희의료원 1992 慶熙醫學 Vol.8 No.2

문식성 교육 연구 방법론 -실험 연구 방법론을 중심으로-

윤준채 ( Jun Chae Yoon ),이형래 ( Hyung Lae Lee ) 국어교육학회 2007 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.30 No.-

이 논문의 목적은 사람의 문식 행위, 즉 언어를 사용하여 의미를 만드는 행위와 관련된 문제를 해결하기 위해 사용되는 다양한 연구 방법론 가운데 양적 연구 방법론을 소개하는 데 있다. 특히, 이 논문은 양적 연구 방법론 가운데에서도 문식 현상의 기저에 있는 인과 관계를 밝히는 데 도움이 되는 실험 연구 방법에 초점을 맞추었다. 이를 위해, 문식성 교육 연구에 적용할 수 있는 실험 연구 방법, 상관 연구 방법, 조사 연구 방법 및 인과 비교 연구 방법을 소개하였다 그런 다음에, 실험 연구 방법에 초점을 맞추어 이상적인 실험 연구 방법 및 현실적인 실험 연구 방법을 소개하여 문식성 교육 연구 분야에서 실험 연구 방법을 사용하는 데 필요한 현실적인 안내 지침을 제공했다. 연구자는 문식성 교육 분야에서 사용되고 있는 실험 연구 방법을 소개하여 독자로 하여금 실험 연구 방법으로 수행된 연구물을 비판적으로 이해하고 독립적으로 실험 연구를 수행할 수 있도록 했다. The purpose of this study was to introduce quantitative research methods out of a variety of research methods necessary for studying human`s literacy acts that are human`s behaviors to construct meaning through language. Expecially, this paper was focused on an experimental research method, which is suitable to investigates some causal relations behind those human`s literacy acts. Regarding this purpose, this study introduced an experimental research method, a correlational research method, a survey research method, and a causal comparative research method. Then this research explained an ideal experimental research method and a realistic experimental research method, focusing on an experimental research method. This might provide realistic research guidelines for researchers in the area of literacy education research who have been interested in an experimental research method. Through this paper, the investigator would like to help them become independent literacy researchers.

고령 환자들에서의 초기 전립선암

유구한(Koo Han Yoo),이형래(Hyung-Lae Lee) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2010 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Life expectancy increases in worldwide countries. Subclinical prostate cancer is important to old aged population because many prostate cancers pose little risk to life or health. Old patients with localized prostate cancer are commonly treated with conservative managements, however, they should be considered to treat with definite therapy. Watchful waiting is a suitable option in patients with a life expectancy of less than 10 years and clinically localized, well or moderately well differentiated prostate cancer. Active surveillance with selective delayed definite therapy has close monitoring using prostate-specific antigen, digital rectal examination, and prostate biopsy. Radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy in old aged man revealed longer cancer-specific survival rates and lower biochemical progression rate than conservative treatments. Critical points to decide screening or treatment are life expectancy, co-morbidity, characteristics of primary tumor, complication of treatment and patient uses rather than chronological age.