헛개나무 열매, 과병 및 종자의 항당뇨, 항산화 플라보노이드 함량 분석

이솔잎(Solip Lee),김현준(Hyun-Jun Kim),박영기(Youngki Park),류세환(Se Hwan Ryu),연상원(Sang Won Yeon),투르크아이만(Ayman Turk),이학현(Hak Hyun Lee),황방연(Bang Yeon Hwang),이미경(Mi Kyeong Lee) 한국생약학회 2023 생약학회지 Vol.54 No.4

Hovenia dulcis is a native plant of South Korea. The fruits of H. dulcis have been traditionally used for the treatment of hepatic disorders and metabolic diseases. The fruits of H. dulcis comprise of fruit stalks and seeds. In this study, the constituents and biological activity of fruit stalks and seeds of H. dulcis were compared. The seed extract showed excellent antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity as measured by DPPH radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, respectively. In addition, the seeds contained high flavonoid content. However, the efficacy and flavonoid content of fruit stalks were quite low compared to seeds. Fractionation of seed extract using various chromatographic techniques resulted in the isolation of three compounds, which were identified as taxifolin (1), quercetin (2), and dihydrokaempferol (3). All three compounds showed antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were major compounds of seeds and proved to be contained as 8.3 and 1.3%, respectively, in the 50% EtOH seed extract. Therefore, the seeds of H. dulcis are suggested as a good source of antioxidant and anti-diabetic flavonoids.

대장암 환자에서 선암종과 선종성 용종의 Leptin 발현

손원 ( Won Sohn ),전대원 ( Dae Won Jun ),이오영 ( Oh Young Lee ),이학현 ( Hak Hyun Lee ),백유흠 ( Yoo Hum Baek ),이강녕 ( Kang Yeoung Lee ),이상표 ( Sang Pyo Lee ),이항락 ( Hang Lak Lee ),윤병철 ( Byung Chul Yoon ),최호순 ( Ho So 대한내과학회 2007 대한내과학회지 Vol.72 No.4

목적: 지방세포에서 분비하는 호르몬인 leptin은 비만에 중요한 역할을 할 뿐 아니라 위장관암을 포함한 일부 악성 종양에서 성장 인자로써 작용할 수 있다. 이러한 배경하에 본 연구에서는 대장암에서 leptin 발현과 임상병리학적 특성 및 질환과의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대장암으로 진단받고 장절제 수술을 시행한 환자 중 장절제 표본에 정상 대장 점막, 선종성 용종, 선암종을 동시에 동반하고 있는 환자를 선별하여 면역조직화학적으로 leptin 발현을 조사함으로써 대장 선종-암종 연속성에 따른 발현 차이를 분석하였다. 방법: 대장암으로 진단받고 장절제 수술을 시행한 환자 중 장절제 표본에 정상 대장 점막, 선종성 용종을 동시에 동반하고 있는 24명의 환자를 대상으로 선택하여 분석하였다. 24개의 표본에서 각각 정상 대장 점막, 선종성 용종, 선암종 조직에서의 leptin 발현을 면역조직염색으로 알아보았다. 결과는 반정량적으로 판독하였으며, 염색 강도는 음성인 경우를 0, 양성이면서 약한 경우를 1+, 중등도인 경우를 2+, 강한 경우를 3+으로 하였다. 결과: Leptin 발현은 정상 대장 점막에서 4.2% (1명/24명)인 반면에 선종성 용종에서 33.3% (8명/24명), 선암종에서 50.0% (12명/24명)로 선종성 용종에서의 leptin 발현이 정상 대장 점막에서보다 더 높았으며(p<0.05), 선암종에서도 정상 대장 점막보다 더 높았다(p<0.05). 그러나 선종성 용종과 선암종 군간에 leptin 발현은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 대장암 조직에서의 Leptin 발현 유무와 나이, 성별, 체질량 지수(BMI: Body Mass Index), 암병기, 임파선 전이 여부등과는 상관관계를 보이지 않았으나 종양의 크기는 leptin 발현 음성인 군이 3.9±1.4 cm, leptin 발현 양성인 군이 5.6±2.2 cm으로 leptin 발현 양성인 군이 음성인 군에 비하여 종양 크기가 더 컸다(p<0.05). 결론: 본 연구에서는 동일 환자에서 선종성 용종이나 선암종에서 정상 대장 점막 보다 leptin 발현이 통계학적으로 의의있게 높았고, leptin 발현 양성인 군이 음성인 군보다 대장암의 크기가 더 컸다는 결과로 보아 leptin이 대장에서 선종성 용종과 선암종의 발생에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 선종성 용종과 선암종에서의 leptin 발현은 차이가 없었기에 leptin과 선종성 용종에서 선암종으로의 진행과의 상관성은 찾지 못하였다. 따라서 추후 좀더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background: Though leptin, the adipocytes-derived hormone, plays an important role in obesity, it can act as a growth factor for several cancers including gastrointestinal malignancies. Based on this background, we investigated whether leptin expression correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics or disease outcome in patients with colon cancer. We immunohistochemically analyzed the expression of leptin in a colon adenoma-carcinoma sequence in the normal colon mucosa, an adenomatous polyp and adenocarcinoma tissue, from a surgical resection for each patient. Methods: We collected samples from 24 patients with a colorectal adenocarcinoma that was removed in either a total colectomy or hemicolectomy, and who presented with an adenomoatous polyp and an adenocarcinoma in the same surgical specimen. Leptin expression was assessed using immunohistochemical methods and was evaluated by grading the staining intensity as 0, +1, +2, +3. Results: Whereas leptin expression was observed in 4.2% (1/24) of the normal colon mucosa, adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas showed 33.3% (8/24) and 50.0% (12/24) expression of leptin, respectively (p<0.05), suggesting that leptin expression in the adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas was higher than in the normal colon mucosa (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in leptin expression between the adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas, statistically. There was no relationship between leptin expression and patients age, sex, BMI (body mass index), cancer stage, and lymph node metastasis. However, the tumor size in the positive leptin expression group was larger than in the negative leptin expression group (5.6±2.2 cm vs 3.9±1.4 cm; p<0.05). Conclusions: Since leptin expression in adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas was higher than in the normal colon mucosa and leptin expression significantly correlated with the tumor size, leptin might play a role in the development of an adenomatous polyp and an adenocarcinoma in the colon. However, leptin does not contribute to the progression of colon adenoma, and further evaluation studies will be required. (Korean J Med 72:352-359, 2007)

임상화보 : 상장간동맥 근위부의 자발성 단독 박리

고유상 ( You Sang Ko ),이학현 ( Hak Hyun Lee ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.3

임상화보 : 단독 고립성 결절로 진단된 좌하엽으로의 비정상적인 체순환 1예

고유상 ( You Sang Ko ),이학현 ( Hak Hyun Lee ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.4

증례 : 전신홍반루푸스에서 발생한 조기 관상동맥 질환 3예

손원 ( Won Sohn ),이학현 ( Hak Hyun Lee ),백유흠 ( Yoo Heum Baek ),권오완 ( Oh Wan Kwon ),김석환 ( Seok Hwan Kim ),신진호 ( Jin Ho Shin ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ) 대한내과학회 2007 대한내과학회지 Vol.73 No.3

전신홍반루푸스는 다발성 장기를 침범하는 자가면역질환이다. 전신홍반루푸스 환자에서 심혈관계 질환 중조기 동맥경화에 의한 관상동맥 질환의 발생이 일반인에 비해 빈번하고 조기에 나타난다. 저자들은 흉통을 주소로 내원한 세 명의 비교적 젊은 연령인 전신홍반루푸스 환자에서 급성 관상동맥 증후군을 경험하고 관상동맥 조영술 및 혈관내 초음파를 이용하여 전신홍반루푸스에서의 조기 동맥경화를 확인하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with a potential for multisystem organ dysfunction. Systemic lupus erythematosus patients have more frequent and earlier manifested atherosclerosis including coronary artery disease than the general population. We report three patients having SLE that have experienced acute coronary syndrome with onset at a relatively young age. The patients have premature atherosclerosis in a coronary artery as determined by coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS). We suggest that systemic lupus erythematosus is a significant risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis.(Korean J Med 73:317-323, 2007)

국내 강직성척추염 환자를 대상으로 한 Infliximab 치료

백유흠 ( Yoo Hum Baek ),염지연 ( Ji Youn Youm ),이학현 ( Hak Hyun Lee ),김태종 ( Tae Jong Kim ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ),유대현 ( Dae Hyun Yoo ),김태환 ( Tae Hwan Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 2006 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Objective: Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-α, is effective in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), who have not responded to conventional therapy. There were no data on the efficacy and side effect of infliximab in patients with AS in Korea. The objective of this study is to observe the efficacy and adverse effect of infliximab retrospectively in Korean patients with AS. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of thirty-three AS patients. The patients were enrolled to fulfill the modified New York criteria of AS and be in active disease state and resist to conventional therapy. Patients were given 3~5 mg/kg of infliximab infusions at weeks 0, 2, 8 and 16. Information on C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and antinuclear antibody (ANA) test was collected at each infusion. The paired t-test was used for comparison between the visits. Results: There were 29 male and 4 female patients. The mean age at first infliximab treatment was 34.6±9.8 years. All patients were HLA-B27 positive. ESR and CRP decreased significantly from baseline to 16 weeks after treatment (p<0.001, respectively). The mean ESR was 76.1±36.5 mm/h at baseline and 21.3±31.6 mm/h at 16 weeks. The mean CRP was 6.4±4.8mg/dL at baseline and 1.3±2.1 mg/dL at 16 weeks. Only 1 out of 33 patients got worse. All patients were tested negative for ANA at baseline. After 16 weeks of therapy, the induction of ANA was observed in 8 patients, but no patients have lupus-like symptoms. Conclusion: Infliximab is an effective therapy with non-specific adverse effect in AS non-responsive to conventional therapy in Korea.

수술 고위험 중증 환자에게서 발생한 급성 담낭염의 경피적 담낭배액술 단독 치료와 담낭절제술 비교; 단일 기관, 단면 연구

차병효 ( Byung Hyo Cha ),송하헌 ( Ha Hun Song ),김영남 ( Young Nam Kim ),전원중 ( Won Jung Jeon ),이상진 ( Sang Jin Lee ),김진동 ( Jin Dong Kim ),이학현 ( Hak Hyun Lee ),이반석 ( Ban Seok Lee ),이상협 ( Sang Hyub Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2014 대한소화기학회지 Vol.63 No.1

Background/Aims: Percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is an effective treatment for cholecystitis in high-risk surgical patients. However, there is no definitive agreement on the need for additional cholecystectomy in these patients. Methods: All patients who were admitted to Cheju Halla General Hospital (Jeju, Korea) for acute cholecystitis and who underwent ultrasonography-guided PC between 2007 and 2012 were consecutively enrolled in this study. Among 82 total patients enrolled, 35 underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy after recovery and 47 received the best supportive care (BSC) without additional surgery. Results: The technical and clinical success rates for PC were 100% and 97.5%, respectively. The overall mean survival was 12.8 months. In the BSC group, mean survival was 5.4 months, and in the cholecystectomy group, mean survival was 22.4 months (p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference between these groups in multivariate analysis (relative risk [RR]=1.92; 95% CI, 0.77-4.77; p=0.16). However, advanced age (RR=1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08; p=0.001) and higher class in the American Society of Anesthesiologists` physical status (RR=3.06; 95% CI, 1.37-6.83, p=0.006) were significantly associated with survival in the multivariate analysis. Among the 47 patients in the BSC group, the cholecystostomy tube was removed in 31 patients per protocol. Recurrent cholecystitis was not observed in either group of patients during the follow-up period. Conclusions: In high-risk surgical patients, PC without additional cholecystectomy might be the best definitive management. Furthermore, the cholecystostomy drainage catheter can be safely removed in certain patients. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2014;63:32-38)

새로운 상감도자기 기법을 이용한 특산품 개발

윤상옥,박정근,윤종호,이학현 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 2001 석재연 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

새로운 상감도자기 기법을 이용한 특산품은 개발하기 위하여 지르코니아와 백토 및 황토계 소지에 대한 선 수축과 색의 변화를 조사하였다. 지르코니아계는 1350℃ 소결에서 23%정도의 선수축율을 나타내고 첨가량은 0.5wt% 이내가 적당하며, Co3O4는 청색, NiO는 녹색, Fe2O3는 갈색 그리고 Mn3O4는 검정색으로 변하였다. 백토계는 1250℃ 소결에서 13%정도의 선수축율을 나타내고 첨가량은 1wt%이내가 적당하며, NiO는 갈색, Co3O4는 녹색, TiO2는 아이보리색으로 변화 하였다. 황토계는 1250℃ 소결에서 12.5%정도의 선수축율을 나타내며, TiO2는 노란색, 그리고 복합첨가의 경우 검정색으로 변화하였다. 첨가된 전이금속산화물은 제2상의 화합물을 형성하여 분산되어 존재함으로써 발색시키는 것으로 판단된다. 상감도자기 시작품은 색채가 우아하고 질감이 좋아 특산품으로 활용가능성이 매우 높은 것으로 판단된다. Variation of sintered color and linear shrinkage in zirconia, white clay and yellow clay systems have been investigated with various transition metal oxide additives to develop special products using new inlaid porcelain method. Zirconia systems sintered at 1350℃ show 23% of linear shrinkages and their additives are suitable to add up to 0.5wt%, and the color of their specimens changes from white to blue for Co3O4, green for NiO, brown for Fe2O3 and black for Mn3O4, respectively. White clay systems sintered at 1250℃ appear about 13% of linear shrinkages and their additives are suitable to add up to 1wt%, and the color of their specimens changes form white to brown for NiO, to blue for Co3O4, green for Cr2O3 and ivory for TiO2, repedtively. Yellow clay systems sintered at 1250℃ show about 12.5% of linear shrinkages and the color of their specimens changes from red to yellow for TiO2 and black for complex compounds, respectively. It could be explained due to the formation of the second phase compounds by added transition metal oxides with basic composition and the dispersion of their second phase particles in sintered bodies.

2000년대 초에 유행한 Orientia tsutsugamushi에 의한 간염

박재일,한성희,조승철,조용현,홍상모,이학현,윤혜련,양선영,윤재훈,윤영섭,문지용,조경란,백상현,손주현,김태화,이동후 대한간학회 2003 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.9 No.3

목적: Orientia tsutsugamushi 감염은 삼림에 서식하는 매개충인 진드기(Leptotrombidium)의 유충이 우연히 사람의 피부를 통하여 전파되어 생기는 급성 발열 질환이다. 저자들은 지난 3년 동안 쯔쯔가무시병으로 진단된 환자들에서 간 기능 이상을 확인하고 가을철 간염환자의 감별진단 특히 non-A, non-B, non-C 간염의 진단에 주의를 환기하고자 관찰 결과를 보고하는 바이다. 대상과 방법: 한양대학교 서울병원과 구리병원에 2000년 10월부터 2002년 11월까지 hemagglutinin법으로 쯔쯔가무시병으로 진단된 환자 22명을 조사 대상으로 삼아 그 진료기록을 조사하였다. 결과: 남녀 비는 1:3.4로 여자가 많았다. 연령(범위 31-83세)은 56.4±2.6(평균±표준오차)세였다. 입원시기는 9월 23일부터 11월 15일 사이였고 10월 중순 이후 11월 상순 사이가 제일 많았다. 증상은 발열이 21예로 가장 많았고, 근육통 13예, 관절통 12예, 오한 6예, 피부발진 6예 순이었다. 잠복기는 7-9일이 10예로 가장 많았고 13-15일이 4예, 10-12일 3예, 3일 이내 3예, 4-6일 2예였다. ALT(범위 18-345 IU/L)는 93.2±17.3 IU/L(평균±표준오차)였고, AST(범위 34-255 IU/L)는 92.5±11.7 IU/L, GGTP (범위 19-251 IU/L)는 132.2±14.5 IU/L로 상승하였지만 혈중 총 빌리루빈은 정상이었다. 모든 환자들은 doxycycline 투여로 호전되었다. 결론: Orientia tsutsugamushi 감염은 대부분, 경도의 간 기능 이상을 동반하므로 특히 가을철 간 기능 이상을 보이는 열성 질환 환자들에게서 다른 간 질환과 감별해야 할 질환으로 인지하는 것이 중요하다. Background/Aims: Orientia -tsutsugamushi infection is an acute febrile disease due to the accidental transmission through human skin of forest dwelling vector Leptotrombidium larva. The authors observed liver dysfunctions in patients diagnosed with tsutsugamushi disease (Scrub typhus) in the past 3 years and report the data in the hope of bringing attention to this disease in the differential diagnosis of autumn-season hepatitis, especially of non-A, non-B and non-C hepatitis. Methods: Medical records of 22 patients diagnosed with tsutsugamushi disease by the hemagglutinin method between October 2000 and November 2002 were reviewed. Results: Female gender was dominant in the ratio of 3.4:1. Mean age was 56.4±2.6. Admission was between 23rd September and 15th November with the peak between mid October and early November. Fever, being the most common symptom, was observed in 21 cases, myalgia in 13, arthralgia in 12, chills in 6, and skin rash in 6. An incubation period of 7-9 days was most common (10 cases), 13-15 days (4), 10-12 days (3), within 3 days (3), and 4-6 days (2). Average ALT, AST and GGTP were increased to 93.2±17.3 IU/L (18±345 IU/L), 92.5±11.7 IU/L (34-255 IU/L) and 132.2±14.5 IU/L (19-251 IU/L), respectively, but total bilirubin was normal. All the patients improved with doxycycline therapy. Conclusions: since it usually shows liver dysfunction, it is important to take Orientia tsutsugamushi into consideration in differential diagnosis of autumn-season, febrile hepatic disease.(Korean J Hepatol 2003;9:198-204)