수도(水稻)에 대(對)한 질소시비반응(窒素施肥反應)의 품종간(品種間) 차이(差異)

이춘수,신철우,곽한강,이강만,안윤수,박준규,Lee, Choon-Soo,Shin, Cheol-Woo,Kwak, Han-Kang,Lee, Kang-Man,Ahn, Yoon-Soo,Park, Jun-Kyu 한국토양비료학회 1985 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.18 No.2

수원지방(水原地方)의 농가포장(農家圃場)에서 1978년(年)~83년(年) (6개년(個年)) 식양토(埴壤土)인 보통답(普通畓)에서 수도품종별(水稻品種別) 질소(窒素) 시비반응(施肥反應) 및 질소(窒素) 생산효율(生産效率) 등(等)을 검토(檢討)하였는바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 2차회귀식(次回歸式)을 적용(適用), 최다수량(最多收量)을 생산(生産)하기 위(爲)한 질소시비(窒素施肥) 최적량(最適量)은 13.9g~28.0kg/10a 범위(範圍)로 품종(品種)에 따라 차이(差異)가 크므로 질소내비성(窒素耐肥性)을 고려(考慮)하여 품종(品種)을 선정(選定), 재배(栽培)함이 필요(必要)하였다. 2. 질소(窒素) 시비최적량(施肥最適量)이 높았던 품종(品種)에서는 수확기(收穫期) 질소함량(窒素含量)(경엽(莖葉)) 및 총질소(總窒素) 흡수량(吸收量)(경엽(莖葉)+곡실(穀實))이 증가(增加)하였으나 최적량(最適量) 시용시(施用時) 시비(施肥) 및 흡수질소(吸收窒素)의 생산효율(生産效率)과 질소이용율(窒素利用率)은 오히려 감소(減少)하였다 3. 품종별(品種別) 무질소구(無窒素區) 정조수량(正租收量)에 대(對)한 질소(窒素) 최적량(最適量) 시용시(施用時) 정조수량(正租收量)의 증수효과(增收效果)를 증수율(增收率)로서 볼 때 29~121%의 범위(範圍)로서 품종간(品種間) 질소응수(窒素應酬)의 차이(差異)가 현저(顯著)하였다. 4. 질소(窒素) 최적량(最適量) 시용시(施用時) 질소응수(窒素應酬)가 큰 품종(品種)은 수확기(收穫期) 총질소(總窒素) 흡수량(吸收量), 시비(施肥) 및 흡수질소(吸收窒素)의 생산효율(生産效率)과 질소이용률(窒素利用率)이 높았다. An attempt to evaluate yield response and efficiency of N fertilizer was made with the data obtained from various rice cultivars during 1978 to 1983. 1. The optimum rate of N fertilizer for maximum yield varied from 13.9 to 28.0 kg/10a with rice varieties. 2. The cultivars with high optimum N levels were high in N content (straw) and N uptake (straw+grain) at harvesting stage, but low in production efficiency and use efficiency of N. 3. The yield increment at the optimum rates of N in comparison with no N application among the rice varieties were 29-101%. 4. The cultivars with hish yield increment at optimum rate were high in the N content (straw+grain), and production efficiency at harvesting stage.

토양검정(土壤檢定)에 의한 채소류(菜蔬類)의 삼요소(三要素) 시비량(施肥量) 조정(調整)

이춘수,허범량,송요성,곽한강,Lee, Choon-Soo,Huh, Beom-Lyang,Song, Yo-Sung,Kwak, Han-Kang 한국토양비료학회 1994 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.27 No.2

1980~'90년대(年代)의 토양화학(土壤化學) 성분함량(成分含量) 및 기존(旣存) 시비량(施肥量) 성적(成績)을 이용(利用)하여 채소류(菜蔬類)에 대한 시비기준량(施肥基準量)을 보완조정(補完調整)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 연대별(年代別) 토양화학(土壤化學) 성분(成分)의 변화를 보면 1980~'90년대(年代)가 1960~'70년대(年代)에 비해 토양(土壤)의 인산(燐酸)과 가리(加里)가 축적(蓄積)되었으며, 전체(全體) 재배면적(栽培面積)에 대해 축적(蓄積)된 유효인산(有效燐酸)(400ppm이상(以上)) 및 치환성가리(置換性加里)(0.7me/100g이상(以上))의 면적(面積) 비율(比率)은 각각 70.5, 59.2%이었다. 2. 1980~'90년대(年代)의 토양화학성분(土壤化學成分)을 토대로 채소류별(菜蔬類別) 시비기준량(施肥基準量)을 하향조정(下向調整)하였으며, 그 결과(結果) 질소(窒素) 0~6.0kg/10a, 인산(燐酸) 0.7~12.3kg/10a, 가리(加里) 2.0~9.0kg/10a의 절감(節減)이 가능하였다. 3. 채소류(菜蔬類)에 대한 현행(現行) 시비추천(施把推薦) 공식(公式)을 종합적(綜合的)으로 보완(補完)해 토양화학성분(土壤化學咸分) 함량(含量)에 의한 필지(筆地)별 시비량추천(施肥量推薦)의 정확도(正確度)를 더욱 높였다. An attempt to adjust the standard levels of NPK fertilizers application was made with the analytical data of soil and the results of field experiments on 18 vegetable crops 1. There was a remarkable accumulation of available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable K of soil in the periods of 1980~1990 comparing with 1960~1970. 2. New fertilizer recommendations based on the accumulation of soil components enabled to decrease fertilizer requirements of major vegetable crops. It was founded that if such new recommendations were adopted by the farmer, 0~6.0kg N/10a, 0.7~12.3kg $P_2O_5/10a$ and 2.0~9.0kg $K_2O/10a$ could be saved without affecting the yield of crops 3. The formulas of fertilizer application for crops were corrected in order to determine optimal rate of each farmer field according to chemical properties of soil.

주요기상인자(主要氣象因子)가 벼의 질소시비량(窒素施肥量)에 미치는 영향(影響)

이춘수,곽한강,황기성,박준규,Lee, Choon-Soo,Kwak, Han-Kang,Hwang, Ki-Sung,Park, Jun-Kyu 한국토양비료학회 1987 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.20 No.1

An analysis was made on optimal N fertilizer for high yielding and ordinary rice varieties and their dependence upon the climatic conditions during growth stage in 1971-1979. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The coefficient of variation for optimum N rates were 19.1% for high yielding varieties and 21.9% for ordinary varieties. And the those of yields at optimum N levels were 7.0% for high yielding varieties and 9.9% for ordinary varieties. 2. Optimum N fertilizer rates for high yielding varieties were 22.4kg/10a in favorable climatic years and 16.1kg/10a in unfavorable climatic years. As for ordinary varieties, optimum N levels were 19.2kg/10a in favorable climatic years and 13.0kg/10a in unfavorable climatic years. Accordingly, more N should be applied in favorable climatic years regardless of varieties. 3. This difference was derived from sunshine hours, rainfall, and relative humidity. Optimum N rates were correlated positively with sunshine hours, and negatively with rainfall and relative humidity. 1971~'79년(年) 사이 7개년간(個年間) 다수계(多收系)와 일반계(一般系) 벼품종(品種)을 공시(供試)하여 실시(實施)한 질소(窒素) 시비량성적(施肥量成績)과 벼생육기간(生育期間)의 주요기상요인(主要氣象要因)인 일조시간(日照時間), 강수량(降水量), 평균기온(平均氣溫) 및 상대(相對) 습도(濕度)와의 관계(關係)를 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果), 이를 요약(要約) 하면 다음과 같다. 1. 년차간(年次間) 질소시비량(窒素施肥量)의 변이계수(變異係數)는 다수계(多收系) 품종(品種) 19.1%, 일반계품종(一般系品種) 21.9% 이었으며 질소적량구(窒素適量區) 수량(收量)의 변이계수(變異係數)는 다수계품종(多收系品種) 7.0%, 일반계품종(一般系品種) 9.9% 이었다. 2. 질소(窒素)는 기상호적년도(氣象好適年度)의 경우 평균시비량(平均施肥量)(다수계품종(多收系品種)) 18.8kg/10a, 일반계품종(一般系品種) 15.6kg/10a)에 비(比)하여 17~23% 증비(增肥)하고, 기상불량(氣象不良)인 년도(年度)는 14~17% 감량시용(減量施用)이 합리적(合理的) 이었다. 3. 질소시비량(窒素施肥量)과 주요기상요인(主要氣象要因)과의 관계(關係)에서 일조시간(日照時間)(7~9월(月))과는 유의(有意)한 정상관(正相關), 강수량(降水量)(7~9(月)) 및 상대습도(相對濕度)(8~9월(月))와는 유의(有意)한 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 보였으나 평균온도(平均溫度)와는 뚜렷한 관계(關係)가 없었다.

농가의 외국인 근로자 주거기준 및 비공식 경로를 통한 고용에 대한 인식조사: 경북 지역 농산물소득조사 농가를 대상으로

이춘수(Choon-Soo Lee),이항아(Hang-Ah Lee),최돈우(Don-Woo Choi),양성범(Sung-Bum Yang) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.12

본 연구는 외국인 근로자를 상시 또는 임시 고용한 경험이 있는 농가의 외국인 근로자 고용, 특히 정부의 주거기준 강화조치와 비공식 경로를 통한 외국인 근로자 고용에 대한 인식을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 2021년 7월 한 달 동안 경북 지역 농산물소득조사의 101개 표본 농가를 대상으로 면담 조사를 수행하였다. 조사 결과 정부의 외국인 주거기준 강화조치에 대해 상시 고용 경험 농가의 68.0%가 정부 조치가 적절하지 않거나 적절하나 유예기간이 필요하다고 하였다. 정부 조치에 따른 농가 부담 가중을 고려하여 외국인 주거기준 강화조치를 유예할 필요가 있다. 그리고 조사 농가의 83.0%가 비공식 경로로 외국인을 고용한 경험이 있고, 비공식 경로로 외국인을 고용하는 경우 질병이나 안전사고 발생시의 치료비를 가장 큰 부담으로 인식하고 있어 관련 제도의 개선이 필요하다. 마지막으로, 외국인 근로자 활용 제고를 위한 정책 우선순위를 조사한 결과 외국인 도입 규모 확대와 체류 기간 연장을 가장 중요하게 인식하였다. This study investigated the perception of employing foreign workers among farmers who have experience hiring foreign workers regularly or temporarily. Especially, this work studied the perception of the government"s action to strengthen the accommodation standards and hiring foreign workers through informal channels. For this purpose, an interview survey was conducted on 101 sample farms of the Agricultural Income Survey in Gyeongbuk province in July 2021. In the survey result, 68.0% of farmers with constant employment experience said that the government"s action to strengthen foreign accommodation standards was inappropriate or needed a grace period. Thus it is necessary to suspend the government"s action in this regard considering the increased burden on farmers. Furthermore, with 83.0% of farmers hiring foreigners through informal channels, they were concerned about the treatment costs incurred by the foreigners in the event of diseases or accidents. So, the related systems need to be improved. Finally, examining the policy priorities for enhancing the utilization of foreign workers said that the increase in the number of foreign workers and the extension of their stay period were recognized as the most important.

계분퇴비 시용시 고랭지 배추에 대한 질소 시비량 결정

이춘수(Choon-Soo Lee),신관용(Kwan-Yong Shin),이정태(Jeong-Tae Lee),이계준(Gye-Jun Lee),안재훈(Jae-Hoon Ahn) 한국토양비료학회 2003 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.36 No.5

농가의 외국인 근로자 고용에 대한 인식조사

이춘수 ( Lee Choon-soo ),강창수 ( Kang Chang-soo ),양성범 ( Yang Sung-bum ) 한국유기농업학회 2021 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.29 No.2

This study examined the perception of farmers who employ foreign workers. A survey was conducted on 110 farms, and the main research results are as follows. First, as many farmers hire foreign workers in informal ways other than the employment permit system or seasonal worker programs, it is important to increase the number of registered foreign workers through the employment permit system or seasonal worker programs. Second, it is important to improve farmers' perception of compliance with the minimum wage, as some farmers pay wages below the legal minimum wage. Third, the subjective productivity evaluation results of farmers showed that the difference in labor productivity between foreigners and foreigners was not significant. This means that hiring foreign workers is due to other factors such as ease of management and cost rather than productivity. Fourth, many farmers were willing to hire existing foreign workers even if they paid extra wages after the expiration of the employment permit system. Finally, promotion and improvement of the additional system for foreign workers’ workplaces are needed to solve problems caused by foreign employment during off-farming season.

국가별 농업경쟁력 평가를 위한 지표개발

이춘수 ( Choon Soo Lee ),이병훈 ( Byeong Hun Lee ),양승룡 ( Seung Ryong Yang ) 한국축산경영학회 2014 농업경영정책연구 Vol.41 No.4

The purpose of this study is to determine and compare Korea’s international competitiveness in agriculture in world markets. For this we develop two competitiveness indices that are based on the result-cause-basis framework: National Agricultural Competitiveness Index (NACI) and Agricultural Commodity Competitiveness Index (ACCI). The NACI measures a country’s aggregate competitiveness of agriculture in world market. The ACCI measures a country’s competitiveness of a specific commodity in the target market. The indices are development based on four principles: comparability, boundedness, mutually exclusiveness, and public availability. The data used are quantitative ones from internationally accredited institutions so that the results are reliable. The national agricultural competitiveness of 34 OECD member countries is measured using the NACI. The results show that the national competitiveness of Korea’s agriculture is ranked in the 21st place although the basis index is in the 3rd place. This implies that the massive inputs into the agricultural sector in Korea are not adequately delivered to the final competitiveness. According to the results of the ACCI of four commodities in the Korean market, Korea is the most competitive in rice followed by red pepper, grapes, and beef. For the four commodities, the price competitiveness is the lowest while the quality competitiveness and the consumer royalty to the domestic products are relatively high.

시비

이춘수(Choon-Soo Lee) 한국토양비료학회 1998 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.31 No.-

土壤檢定에 의한 참깨와 땅콩의 三要素 施肥量 調整

李春秀(Choon-Soo Lee),李主榮(Ju-Young Lee),李相銀(Sang-Eun Lee),許範亮(Beom-Lyang Huh) 한국토양비료학회 1994 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.27 No.2

土壤檢定에 의한 菜蔬類의 三要素 施肥量 調整

李春秀(Choon-Soo Lee),許範亮(Beom-Lyang Huh),宋堯聖(Yo-Sung Song),郭漢剛(Han-Kang Kwak) 한국토양비료학회 1994 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.27 No.2