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과다 유두(Supernumerary Nipple) 2례
이정우,양정덕,이정훈,최강영,김귀락,정호윤,조병채,Lee, Jeong-Woo,Yang, Jung-Dug,Lee, Jung-Hun,Choi, Kang-Young,Kim, Gui-Rak,Chung, Ho-Yun,Cho, Byung-Chae 대한성형외과학회 2010 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.37 No.5
Purpose: Supernumerary nipple or polythelia is one of the developmental anomalies occurring at the embryonic stage and this anomaly usually arises from the milk line. While this atypical feature is determined during early developmental stage, it may not come out obviously or become troublesome until puberty or lactation. Moreover, sometimes it is confused with a pigmented nevus. Methods: Case 1, a 18-year-old woman with intramammary supernumerary breast consisted of another nipple with middle sized areola on the right lower breast was admitted for a $2.8{\times}3.1\;cm$-sized mass on the right breast which was starting appeared 1 year earlier. The preliminary cytological examination of the material obtained by needle aspiration biopsy from the mass was revealed by fibroadenoma with no malignant change. The patient had the surgical excision of the mass and accessory breast. Case 2, a 16 year-old woman admitted for intra-areolar polythelia of the left breast, even she doesn't have any family history of polythelia. Since she wanted surgical correction of her atypical nipple for aesthetic and psychological reasons, we reconstructed the areola using transposition flaps in an S-plasty design. Results: Case 1, the excised supernumerary nipple showed following histological features. In the superficial layer, an acanthotic and hyperpigmented epithelium with elongated rete ridges was found. In the dermis, there were follicles with hairs surrounded by hypertrophic sebaceous glands. In the deepest portion, abundant secretory glomerules and excretory ducts of apocrine gland type were observed. Case 2, follow-up visits 3 months after the procedure showed a satisfactory result with good shape and projection of the nipple. Conclusion: We report two cases of aberrant mammary tissue who underwent surgical correction, including complete breast (with nipple, areola, and glandular tissue) and intra-areolar polythelia according to the Kajava's classification, and the results were satisfactory.
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전자상거래 신뢰서비스를 활성화시키기 위한 선진국들의 정책에 관한 비교 연구
이정우,이종성,Lee, Jung-Woo,Lee, Jong-Sung 한국디지털정책학회 2003 디지털융복합연구 Vol.1 No.1
"Trust" becomes a focal issue in e-business. Unlike traditional business environment, virtual situation requires new trust-ensuring mechanism other than face-to-face meetings and other related means of confirmation. Many countries are trying to foster trust services industry in order to increase e-business transactions and activities. This paper compares and contrasts these countries' policies on trust services. Conclusions of this comparative research includes: (1) trust services industry will be tightly integrated horizontally and increase their scope vertically towards trust in business sense over and beyond the mere technical level trust, (2) necessity of reciprocal trust authentication exchange is calling for an international standard in a near future, and (3) two different types of policies are under development: government-led and industry-led. Advantages and disadvantages of different approaches are presented with details of legal implications and structures of operations.
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수중로봇 소프트웨어 시스템의 요구사항을 반영한 ROS 기반의 계층화된 소프트웨어 아키텍처의 설계
이정우,최영호,이종득,윤성조,서진호,Lee, Jung-Woo,Choi, Young-Ho,Lee, Jong-Deuk,Yun, Sung-Jo,Suh, Jin-Ho 대한임베디드공학회 2017 대한임베디드공학회논문지 Vol.12 No.5
Underwater robots operating in constrained underwater environment have requirements for software systems. Firstly, it is necessary to provide reusable common software components for hardware interface of sensors and actuators that are frequently used in underwater robots. Secondly, it is required to support distributed execution environment on multiple embedded controllers. Thirdly, it is need to implement a monitoring system capable of high-speed and large-data transmission for underwater robots operating in an environment where it is difficult to check the robot status. For these requirements, we have designed the layered architecture pattern and applied several design patterns to enhance the reusability and the maintainability of software components, In addition, we overlaid the broker architecture pattern to support distributed execution environments. Finally, we implemented the underwater robot software system using ROS framework based on the software architecture design. In order to evaluate the performance of the implemented software system, we performed an experiment to measure the response time between components and the transmission rate of the monitoring data, and obtained the results satisfying the required performance.
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남녀 유아의 체격과 체력과의 상관 : 유아스포츠단 6세를 중심으로
이정우,김영훈 한국유아체육학회 2003 한국유아체육학회지 Vol.4 No.-
본 연구는 경남 스포츠 아카테미 유아스포츠단에 입단한 6세(만 4년 4개월 ∼ 5년 : 3월 기준) 남녀를 대상으로, 체격에서 2개 항목과 체력에서 5개 종목을 측정하여 체격과 체력의 성적을 남녀별로 분석하고 상관관계를 알아 본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 신장과 체력과의 상관관계에서 남자는 3월에 25M 달리기(- .294)에서 약간 상관이 있었으며, 11월에 25M 달리기( .377), 윗몸 일으키기( .309)에서 약간 상관이 있었다. 여자는 3월에 25M 달리기(- .625) 한발 중심잡기(- .531), 제자리멀리뛰기( .684), V자 앉기(- .480)에서 확실한 상관이 있었으며, 11월에 25M 달리기(- .412), V앉기(- .313)에서 약간 상관이 있었다. 2. 체중과 체력과의 상관관계에서 남자는 3월에 25M 달리기(- .301), 윗몸 일으키기(. 312), V자 앉기( .331)에서 약간 상관이 있었으며, 11월에 한발 중심잡기( .306)에서 약간 상관이 있었다. 여자는 3월에 25M 달리기(- .491), 한발 중심잡기( .434), 제자리멀리뛰기( .472), V자 앉기(- .452)에서 확실한 상관이 있었으며, 11월에 한발 중심잡기(- .409), 윗몸 일으키기(- .474) V자 앉기(- .621)에서 확실한 상관이 있었다. Selecting, at my option, 44 male children and 33 female children at Kyung-nam Sports Academy kindergarten sports club in Chang-won city. I conducted a survey into correlation between 2 items of physique and 5 items of physical strength. And the results are as follow : 1. On height of physique male children' height show 3.33cm increase as average 101.70cm in March to average 111.03mn in November, whereas female children' height show 4.43cm increase as average 103.70cm in March to average 108.13cm. It means that female's growth is faster than male's one. 2. On weight of physique male children' weight show 1.73kg increase as average 18.68kg in March to average 20.41 in November. Whereas female children' weight show 1.73kg increase as average 17.91kg in March to average 19.64kg in November. 3. On physical strength, male children made an excellent 25m run, sit-ups, standing broad jump, V-form sitting, but female children made an excellent foot balance. 4. On correlation between height and physical strength for male children 25m run(.294) in March and 25m run(.377), sit-ups(.309) in November have a little correlation. For female children, in March 25m run(-.626), foot balance(-.531), standing long jump(.684), V form-sit(-.480) have a distinctive correlation whereas in November 25m run(-.412) and V form-sit (-.313) have a little correlation. 5. On correlation between weight and physical strength for male children 25m run(-.301), sit-ups(.312), V form-sit(.331) in March have a little correlation and foot balance(.306) in November have a little correlation. For female children, 25m run(-.491), foot balance(.434), standing long jump(.472), V form-sit(-.452) in March have a distinctive correlation, also foot balance(-.409), sit-ups(.47), V4 form-sit (-.621) in November have a little correlation.
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이정우 ( Jung Woo¸ Lee ) 한국지급결제학회 2020 지급결제학회지 Vol.12 No.2
핀테크는 전통적 금융기관에 어떻게 변화를 가져올까? 세계적으로 핀테크가 확대하는 배경의 하나로서 ‘이용자의 가치관의 변용’을 지적할 수 있다. 현재 핀테크로서 제공되는 서비스의 대부분은 ‘이용자의 요청’으로 제공되어 널리 평가되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 미국 투자은행 골드만삭스에 따르면 향후 5-10년 후 미국 내 총 대출액 중 약 1/3에 해당하는 4조 달러가 대체금융서비스로 제공될 것으로 내다 봤다. 융자 분야에서는 결제 트랜잭션 데이터를 이용한 융자 서비스 이외에도 새로운 서비스가 등장하고 있다. 마켓플레이스 렌딩 크라우드 펀딩(Crowd funding)으로 불리는 핀테크 서비스는 전통적인 금융기관이 제공하는 융자 서비스와 다른 형태로 융자를 해주는 서비스로 주목받고 있다. 일찍이 P2P 렌딩이라고도 불린 이러한 서비스는, 대체로 인터넷을 통해서 투자가·대여자와 차주를 연결시켜(매칭), 불특정 다수로부터 비교적 소액으로 자금을 모으는 것이다. 본고는 우선 우리나라의 핀테크 관련 투자가 위와 같은 외국과 비교해 극단적으로 낮다는 점과 사업투자 펀드와 같은 우리나라에 특유한 신규사업에 대한 투자확대의 가능성을 설명한다. 다음은 금융경제 교육의 필요성과 현황에 대해 밝힐 것이다. 마지막으로 핀테크가 각 경제주체에 미치는 영향을 이론적으로 분석하여 거시경제에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 핀테크의 플러스 효과와 마이너스 효과가 있음을 밝히고 그 파급경로를 설명한다. How will FinTech change traditional financial institutions? As one of the backgrounds that FinTech is expanding globally, it can be pointed out ‘change of users’ values.’ It can be seen that most of the services currently provided as FinTech are provided as ‘requests of users’ and are widely evaluated. According to Goldman Sachs, an investment bank in the United States, in the next 5 to 10 years, about a third of the total amount of loans in the United States, or $4 trillion, will be provided as alternative financial services. In the field of financing, new services are emerging in addition to financing services using payment transaction data. Fintech service, called marketplace lending crowd funding, is attracting attention as a service that provides loans in a different form than those provided by traditional financial institutions. These services, also known as peer-to-peer lending, usually connect investors, lenders and borrowers through the Internet (matching), and collect funds in relatively small amounts from an unspecified majority. First of all, this paper explains that Korea’s FinTech-related investment is extremely low compared to those of foreign countries, and the possibility of expanding investment in new businesses unique to Korea such as a business investment fund. The following will reveal the necessity and status of financial economy education. Finally, the effect of FinTech on each economic entity is theoretically analyzed, revealing the positive and negative effects of FinTech on the macroeconomic impact, and explaining its ripple path.
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이정우,박영민,이승환,강승걸,이분희,박은진,Lee, Jung-Woo,Park, Young-Min,Lee, Seung-Hwan,Kang, Seung-Gul,Lee, Bun-Hee,Park, Eun-Jin 한국정신신체의학회 2011 정신신체의학 Vol.19 No.1
연구목적: 고프로락틴혈증은 항정신병약물로 인한 흔한 부작용이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이러한 고프로락틴혈증에 대한 임상가들의 관심은 적은 편이다. 왜냐하면 고프로락틴혈증으로 인한 부작용의 심각성이 널리 알려지지 않았기 때문이다. 특히 아미설프라이드로 인한 고프로락틴혈증에 대한 국내 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 한국인에서의 아미설프라이드로 인한 프로락틴 수치의 변화를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법: 2008년 1월부터 2010년 12월까지 일산백병원 신경정신과의 외래와 입원 환자 24명을 대상으로 의무기록을 검토하여 자료를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 아미설프라이드 사용 전후의 프로락틴 수치의 변화를 비교하였다. 또한 아미설프라이드 용량, 투약 기간과 프로락틴 수치 변화율과의 상관관계를 통계적으로 분석하였다. 결 과: 아미설프라이드를 투여한 모든 환자에서 고프로락틴혈증이 발생하였다. 아미설프라이드 투여 후의 프로락틴 수치는 투여 전 보다 유의하게 상승하였다(z=-3.702, p=0.000). 아미설프라이드 용량과 프로락틴 상승의 정도는 유의한 상관관계를 보였으나(r=0.61, p=0.002), 아미설프라이드 투여 기간과 프로락틴 상승의 정도는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 또한 아미설프라이드 용량과 프로락틴 수치 변화율은 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결 론: 아미설프라이드를 포함한 항정신병약물은 프로락틴 수치를 증가시켜 장 단기간의 부작용을 발생시킬 수 있다. 따라서 아미설프라이드를 사용하는 임상의는 프로락틴 수치를 정기적으로 측정하여야 하며 고프로락틴혈증과 관련된 부작용을 평가하여야 한다. Objective: Hyperprolactinemia is common side effect associated with antipsychotics use. Nevertheless, hyperprolactinemia is relatively neglected by clinician. Especially, there is no study related to amisulprideinduced hyperprolactinemia in korea. This study aimed to determine whether amisulpride can be induced hyperprolactinemia in Korean psychiatric patients. Methods: This study methodology consisted of a retrospective review of medical charts and prolactin levels. Serum prolactin levels were measured in 24 Korean patients(12 males and 12 females) with psychosis who were treated over 400mg of amisulpride per day. Results: All patients had hyperprolactinemia. Prolactin levels significantly increased after receiving amisulpride(z=-3.702, p=0.000). The prolactin level was significantly higher in females($156.29{\pm}63.75$ng/mL) than in males($69.04{\pm}39.91$ng/mL) after administering amisulpride(p=0.000). There was a correlation between dosage and prolactin levels(r=0.61, p=0.002). However, there was no correlation between duration of treatment and prolactin levels. Conclusions: Antipsychotics, especially amisulpride can increase serum prolactin levels and may results in short and long term side effects. Routine clinical assessment of initial and additional prolactin level and associated symptoms should be done
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