<두뇌성전>의 이본 현황과 창작 시기

이원수(Lee, won Soo) 한국문화융합학회 2017 문화와 융합 Vol.39 No.5

이 논문은 <두뇌성전>의 이본 현황과 상호 관계, 창작 시기 등을 밝히는 데 목적을 두었다. <두뇌성전>의 이본은 경북대 도서관 소장의 취암본, 필자 소장의 중평본, 그리고 취암본의 모본으로 추정되는 한 장의 자료가 전하고 있으며, 이들은 모두 한글 필사본들이다. 이들 외에 중평본의 모본이 된 또 다른 이본이 존재했음이 확인되나 그 실물은 발견되지 않고 있다. <두뇌성전>의 서사구조는 영웅소설의 관습적 구성을 따르고 있지만 영웅소설의 관습과 다른 부분도 적지 않다. 취암본과 중평본은 이러한 서사구조를 공유하고 있지만 세부 사건이나 서술에는 많은 차이가 있다. 취암본과 중평본은 모두 원작이 아닌 사본이며, 상호 직접적 영향 없이 각기 다른 모본을 바탕으로 형성되었다. 중평본의 형성 시기는 1924년으로 추정되며, 취암본은 정확한 형성 시기를 알 수 없지만 중평본보다 먼저 형성된 것으로 추정된다. 두뇌성전은 취암본 계열과 중평본 계열의 두 이본 계열로 존재해 왔으며, 이 중 취암본 계열이 더 앞선 계열로 추정된다. <두뇌성전>은 영웅소설의 관습적 구성을 따르면서도 영웅소설의 관습에서 벗어 난 부분이 많다. 또한 <두뇌성전>에는 가사와의 교섭이 폭넓게 나타나며, 고전소설의 관습적 언어와 다른 새로운 어휘나 탈중세적 표현도 상당수 활용되고 있다. 따라서 <두뇌성전>은 고전소설의 장르 관습이 급속히 해체되어 가던 시기, 전통사회가 붕괴되면서 근대사회로의 이행이 일정 부분 진행된 시기에 출현한 것으로 보이며, 그 창작 시기는 19세기 말 또는 20세기 초로 추정된다. This paper aims to investigate current state of different copies of Dunoesungjeon, and to estimate the time this work was written. Different copies of Dunoesungjeon are known to be Chwiambon, which is a collection possessed by Kyungpook National University, Balimbon owned by myself, and a text assumed to be an original text of Chwiambon. They all are manuscripts written in Korean alphabet. It was discovered that another source had existed, but it has not been found until now. Although narrative structure of Dunoesungjeon adopts conventional type of hero novels, there are still quite a number of aspects that make them different. Despite the fact that Chwiambon and Balimbon share this characteristic of narrative structure, detailed events and the way they are narrated have wide gap. Both Chwiambon and Balimbon are not the original but copies, and they have been created upon different original texts without any direct influence over each other. Balimbon is estimated to be written in 1924, but Chwiambon is unknown when it was created. But It seems that Chwiambon came earlier than Balimbon. Dunoesungjeon has descended with these two affiliations, Balimbon and Chwiambon. Among the two, Chwiambon affiliation is believed to precede Balimbon. Dunoesungjeon follows the conventional structure of hero novels, and yet it has many distinctions deviated from the conventions of hero novels. Furthermore, Dunoesungjeon shows extensive interaction with Gasa as well as using either new vocabulary different from conventional ones in old korean novels or post-medieval expressions. Dunoesungjeon seems to have been written during the period when conventions of old Korean novels had been dissolving, and when the breakdown of traditional society had been accelerated for the transition to modern society. Therefore, the time it was written is estimated to be in the late 19th or early 20th century.

남북한 <사씨남정기> 연구의 경과와 전망

이원수(Lee Won-Soo) 한국문학회 2005 韓國文學論叢 Vol.39 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine a new direction of the future study in Sassinamjonggi based on variations and differences, successes and limits among studies of Sassinamjonggi in South and North Korea. The study looked into two periods of time, before and after the division of Korea. After the division, the studies of North and South Academia were examined. This study found out and analyzed some issues in these studies. The summaries are following. Sassinamjonggi had been studied from 1920’s. After the independence, the research became in full scale. Academia in South and North succeeded the values of studis in Sassinamjonggi before the division. However, after the division, each had its own way of studying without any further communication between. As the result, the study of Sassinamjonggi in South and North academia had a gap in how to approach, to interpret and to evaluate Sassinamjonggi as big as one in system and ideology between South and North Korea. South academia has interests in an evaluation and appreciation of the work, the type, and the different versions; on the contrary, the North focuses on the work itself in order to lead the discussion within the frame of socialistic and subjective literary art. The South finds out about the concubinage, the fetters of paternalism, the familism, and the good and evil in Sassinamjonggi; yet, the North puts more value on the contradictions of feudal Confucianism, the depravity of YangBan class, and the corruption of the ruling class than on the concubinage and the paternalism. The differences in studies of South and North academics are resulted in a fact like a problem of the motive and the time of Sassinamjonggi, and a perception like the interpretation and evaluation of Sassinamjonggi. In order to prepare a sound nation’s literacy and art study on Korea’s unification, we need to think hard how to reduce the gap especially in relation to the perception. The different opinion regarding to the fact can be narrowed down through verifying the facts. The differences in the perception will not be easily diminished because of diversity of scholars’ beliefs and values. This diversity does not occur because of individual differences in belief and value. It is rooted in two totally different systems and ideologies. To settle the differences between South and North and to precede to further discussions in Sassinamjonggi, we need a honest understanding of the outcomes of studies done by both sides. Understanding others requires accepting other’s views and thoughts without insisting on own view’s and thoughts. Also, South and North ought to adapt a way to look at the literature because they perceive it differently. The South academics look at the literature for self fulfilling purpose, but the North ones consider the literature to be a means for reconstruction of a society and for teaching patriotism. This difference is basically related to a view what the literature is, so that it is not easy to say which is right or wrong. Before bringing up solutions regarding to the interpretation and evaluation of Sassinamjonggi, it is why we need to rethink the perception of how to look at the literature. The trend of the North academia shown in Sassinamjonggi is apparently presented in other classical literature studies.

Regulation of human hair growth: hormones and neuropeptides

이원수 ( Won-soo Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2

Human hair growth is regulated by many hormones, and the effect of androgens, in particular, has been well known for a long time. Androgens stimulate beard growth but suppress hair growth in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). This unique condition is known as ‘androgen paradox’. Human hair follicles possess enough enzymes to form the active androgens testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). 5a-reductase type 1 and 2, androgen receptors (AR) and AR coactivators, in particular, can regulate androgen sensitivity of dermal papillae (DP). To regulate hair growth, androgens stimulate production of IGF-1 as positive mediators and of TGF-b1, TGF-b2, dickkopf1 and IL-6 as negative mediators. In addition, androgens enhance inducible nitric oxide synthase from occipital DP cells and stem cell factor for positive regulation of hair growth in beard and negative regulation of balding DP cells. Moreover, AGA involves crosstalk between androgen and Wnt/b-catenin signalling. Estrogens, another important hormone are shown to inhibit hair growth in animal model, while it extends anagen and shortens catagen in human. This implicates that there are differences in animal and human hair in terms of estrogen responsibility of hair follicle. 17β estradiol, a powerful estrogen, suppresses DHT formation and promotes conversion of testosterone to estradiol by inhibiting 5α -reductase. It also suppresses conversion of androstenedione to testosterone by inhibiting 17β dihydrogenase. On the other hand, it promotes conversion of testosterone to estradiol by stimulating aromatase, so that testosterone production is reduced. As results, DHT production is reduced. It is also known to promote directly differentiation of hair matrix cells. Among constituents of the skin, hair follicle is an organ where nerve fibers with the highest density are distributed. The cyclic growth of the richly innervated hair follicle offers a model for probing such functions in a complex, developmentally regulated tissue interaction system under the physiologic condition. Dissecting the role of neuropeptides in this system may also reveal as yet obscure neural mechanisms of hair growth control. Neuropeptides, which are secreted by nerve fibers, have important roles in the hair growth and hair cycle change. In vitro, substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) act as growth factor. SP has growth-stimulatory effect and prolongs the anagen phase without affecting the rate of linear hair growth. On the other hand, CGRP has a growth-inhibitory effect, especially in shortening the duration of the anagen phase in hair follicles and DP cells.

요오드화 은 ( AgI ) 에 의해 발생된 에크린 색한증

이원수(Won Soo Lee),성열오(Yeol Oh Sung),이정복(Jung Bock Lee) 대한피부과학회 1989 대한피부과학회지 Vol.27 No.6

Eccrine chromhidrosis(colored sweating), resulting from the contamination of the sweat by dyes, pigment from microorganisms such as those of Piedraia or Corynebacterium, or other chernicals, is a very rare disease. We report a case of eccrine chromhidrosis which revealed dark-brown colored pigmented spots analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray microassay and scanning electron microscopy, which were thought to be composed of silver iodide(AgI) formed by the conjugation of silver components from outside and iodide components of eccrine sweat, on the face, postauricular area, legs, and finger tips.

「양반전」의 풍자 전략과 작품 의미

이원수 ( Lee Won-soo ) 배달말학회 2018 배달말 Vol.63 No.-

이 글은 「양반전」의 풍자와 작품 의미를 밝히는 데 목적이 있다. 정선양반과 부자 사이에 이루어진 양반 매매 사건은 당대 사회의 양반 팔아먹기 현상에 대한 풍자적 우의이다. 양반 팔아먹기는 문벌과 지위를 재화로 삼아 세덕을 팔아먹는 일체의 행위를 풍자한 것으로, 작품 속 풍자의 기층 프레임이다. 양반을 판 정선양반이 자신은 더 이상 양반이 아니라고 자처하는 행위는 양반 팔아먹기를 하고 있던 당대 양반들에 대한 신랄한 풍자의 뜻을 담고 있다. 「양반전」은 풍자 주체와 객체를 상대화하는 입체적 풍자 전략을 구사하고 있어 풍자가 복잡하고 중층적이다. 따라서 작품 의미를 제대로 파악하기 위해서는 특정 풍자 주체의 시각에 끌려가지 않고 풍자 관계를 정밀하게 분석하는 균형 잡힌 접근이 필요하다. 「양반전」에는 여러 부류의 양반이 등장하는데 이들은 모두 양반이 무언지를 모르고 있거나 일정한 결함을 지닌 양반들이다. 작자는 이들을 통해 18세기 양반사회의 암울한 현실을 보여 주고 있다. 「양반전」은 18세기 양반사회가 처한 총체적 위기를 다루고 있다. 양반의 글읽기는 과거의 도구로 전락하여 제대로 공부하는 선비가 없고, 글읽기에 전념하는 선비는 가난에 시달리고 있다. 양반 신분이 돈으로 매매되고, 정체성을 상실한 양반들은 상민들로부터 신선이나 도둑놈 취급을 받고 있다. 이러한 양반사회의 부끄러운 현실, 이것이 이 작품이 보여주려는 핵심 의미이다. 여기에는 명문가 엘리트 청년 선비의 자기 내집단에 대한 걱정과 위기의식이 담겨 있다. 연암은 양반의 정체성 훼손에 분노하면서도 무지와 어리석음에는 연민의 시선을 던지고 있다. 그는 당대 양반사회가 처한 위기의 근본 원인이 양반의 정체성 혼란에 있다고 본다. 그러나 「양반전」은 진정한 양반의 모습이 어떤 것인지는 제시하지 않고 있다. 이는 청년기의 연암이 아직 양반의 정체성을 정립하지 못했음을 시사한다. This aims to examine satire in Yangbanjeon and the meaning of the work. Trade of Yangban class made between Jeongsun-Yangban and a rich man satirizes a phenomenon back then where Yangban was being bargained away. Trade of Yangban satirizes all acts that were intended to benefit from Yangban class. It is the basic frame of satire. The situation where Jeongsun- -Yangban denies beeing Yangban contains severe satire on Yangban in the day. Objects and subjects of the satire in Yangbanjeon are relativized, and it makes the satire complex and polysemous. Therefore we can grasp the whole meaning of this work through a balanced approach in which complicated combination of satire is well incorporated. Yangbanjeon introduces many kinds of Yangban. But none of them knows what Yangban really is, and each of them has some flaws. The author is presenting through them the reality of Yangban society in the 18th century. Yangbanjeon deals with overall crisis of Yangban society in the 18th century. The gloomy reality of Yangban society those days is the gist the author wanted to reveal. And young Yeonam's worry and consciousness of crisis is reflected in it. Yeonam is enraged by Yangban’s identity being damaged but at the same time is casting a look of sympathy about their ignorance and stupidity. This is because of his view that crisis of Yangban society fundamentally came from identity confusion. Yanbanjeon however does not touch on what is the true sense of Yangban, and it seems to be derived from the fact that young Yeonam could not establish the true identity of Yangban at the time.

발모제 연구의 동물평가기법

이원수(Won-Soo Lee) 한국실험동물학회 2007 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

〈창선감의록〉, 장자상속제와 사대부가의 고민

이원수(Lee Won-soo) 한국어문학회 2008 語文學 Vol.0 No.100

The aim of this study is to examine the meanings contained in the conflicts between family members in Changseongamirok in relation to the social and cultural circumstances of the Joseon Dynasty in 17th century. The primogeniture that allows the right of succession only to the eldest son was brought in to support the prosperity of family. But the primogeniture that decides the heir based on the birth order has a fatal weak point in securing the qualification of heirs. Under the primogeniture, the problematic situation that the eldest son is stupid and his younger brother is smart may give rise to serious crises in the future of family. The reason is that the eldest son's feeling of being victimized and his inferiority complex may cause the troubles and conflicts between the family members. Changseongamirok depicts the worries over this primogeniture problem among noble families in 17th century, Joseon Dynasty. To prevent the troubles of family and to overcome the crises of family caused by the problematic situation of succession under the primogeniture, it is most important to recover the self-confidence of the eldest son and to establish his authority in the family. And in achieving these goals, the roles of smart younger brother and the wife of the eldest son are very important. If the smart younger brother gives authority to his eldest brother by obeying him thoroughly, and the wife of the eldest son maintains the equilibrium of family by guiding his husband to the right path, all the problems in the family caused by the problematic situation of succession under the primogeniture can be solved to the full.

연암 후기소설의 구조와 그 서사적 효과

이원수(Lee, Won-Soo) 한국문학회 2012 韓國文學論叢 Vol.62 No.-

이 글은 연암 후기소설 〈허생전〉과 〈호질〉을 대상으로, 그들이 공유하고 있는 구조적 특징과 그러한 구조가 창출해내는 서사적 효과를 밝히는 데 목적이 있다. 두 작품은 외형상 전혀 다른 서사적 짜임을 보이지만, 심층적으로는 매우 흡사한 구조적 동질성을 지니고 있기 때문이다ㅏ. 연암 후기소설은 두 삽화(episode)의 연쇄, 전반부와 후반부의 대칭구조, 서사적 간접화와 직접 진술의 결합이라는 구조적 특징을 지니고 있다. 두 삽화는 상당한 정도의 서사적 완결성과 독립성을 지니고 있으며, 전반부와 후반부는 대조적 성격을 지닌 대칭구조를 이루면서 정교한 서사적 연결고리에 의해 하나로 통합되어 있다. 두 작품은 사건을 통한 서사적 간접화와 언술을 통한 직접 진술이라는 이중의 전달 방식을 쓰고 있으며, 직접 진술을 통한 마무리라는 동일한 결말 형식을 취하고 있다. 이러한 구조적 특징은 인물 설정과 어조, 골계 등 다른 서사 요소들에 의해 유기적으로 뒷받침되고 있다. 두 작품의 인물 형상과 역할, 상호관계는 매우 흡사하며, 이는 구조의 유사성과 정확히 대응되고 있다. 또한 두 작품은 패러디나 어조의 부조화에서 창출되는 골계를 폭넓게 활용하고 있으며, 이들은 작품 구조 및 인물 설정 구도 등과 긴밀히 조응하고 있다. 연암 후기소설에서 삽화의 연쇄에 의한 대칭구조는 전반부의 문제 제기와 후반부의 사실 확인이라는 구도를 통해 현상과 본질을 입체적으로 드러내 주고 있으며, 전반부와 후반부의 조응을 통해 작자의 생각을 효과적으로 형상화하고 있다. 또한 서사적 간접화와 직접 진술의 결합은 사건을 통해 간접적으로 드러내었던 생각을 명시적 언술로 재정리해 줌으로써, 서사의 극적 효과는 그것대로 살리면서 작자의 생각이 굴절되지 않고 독자들에게 정확히 전달되게 하는 기능을 하고 있다. This paper is to investigate Yeonam’s later novels, ‘Huhsaengjeon’ and ‘Hojil’, explaining structural basis they have in common, and what kind of narrative effects it yields. The reason is, although these novels apparently present totally different styles, the in-depth study shows that they are written in a very similar structure. The structure of Yeonams’s later novels is characterized by the connection of two episodes, the symmetrical structure of the first and second half of the work, and the combination of the indirect expressions through events and the direct statements by words. The episodes have a considerable completeness and independence as a story. The two halves of works have contrasting features and form a symmetrical structure. The two works deliver messages through the two track approach, the indirect expressions and the direct statements. The styles of character developments, the tones and humors used in Yeonam’s later novels are closely connected with the features of structure. The figures and relations of characters, their narrative roles are set in a similar aspect. In two works, this similarity of characters, the humors generated by the parody and the disharmony of tones closely correspond with the structural features. The contrast of the two halves of the works reveals the phenomena and quiddity by posing the issues in the first half and confirming the facts in the second half. In addition, the combination of indirect expressions and direct statements yields the effects that the author’s ideas can be precisely delivered to readers in a dramatic way by redefining the ideas that are indirectly expressed through events.

안드로겐성 탈모증의 병변부와 비병변부에서 안드로겐 수용체의 면역조직화학적 표현 비교

이원수(Won Soo Lee),정준(Joon Chung),이승헌(Seung Hun Lee),안성구(Sung Ku Ahn) 대한피부과학회 1994 대한피부과학회지 Vol.32 No.5

Background : Androgens stimulate the growth of hair in various are of skin including the pubis, axilla and beard, whereas in the scalp androgens promote baldness in genitically predisposed individuals. Androgens bind to specific intracellular receptors, which modulate saecific gene expression and so affect hair loss. Androgenetic isldness is first apparent on the frontalegion, with recession of the hair line. As this progresses, aloperia also develops on the vertex. But the osterior and lateral scalp area is spared, even in the most advanced eases, and even in old age. Objective : The purpose of our study is to find out the difference of androgen receptor expression in lesional and non lesional scailp of androgenetic alopecia patients by iminunohistochemical staining. Methods : Biopsy specimens were taken from its lesion(vertex) and its non lesion(occiput) of 3 patients with androgenetic alopecia and 4 normal controls. The deteatic n of androgen receptor was performed by an immunohistochemical technique(streptavidin peroxidasc method) using monoclonal antibody against androgen receptor. Results : Androgen receptors were strongly expressed in eccrine land and sebaceous gland, and weakly expressed in epidermal cells, hair infundibulum, hair bulb epith-lium and dermal hair papilla. Conclusion : There was no significant difference of the expression if androgen receptors in lesional and non lesional scalp of androgenetic alopecia. (Kor J Dermatol 1994;32(5):848-852)

잠재성 한관종과 연관된 탈모증

이원수(Won Soo Lee),김균태(Kyun Tae Kim),안성구(Sung Ku Ahn) 대한피부과학회 1994 대한피부과학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Occult syringoma means a clinically inapparent tumor of the swea gland that are histologically similar but not identical with the common syringoma. They may occur in a variety of inflammatory skin lesions and cutaneous neoplaams as a reactive process. We report herein a case of diffuse alopecia areata associated with occult syringoma in the scalp of a 57-year-old man. Our patient developed progressive, fairly well circ amscribed patches of alopecia and diffuse hair loss over a 1 month period. Histopathological examinaiion revealed non-scaring alopecia and a proliferation of eccrine ductal structures in the upper dermis. These ductal structures resembled syringoma. Only minimal focal fibrosis was occasionally observed arcund the hair follicles. We believe that occult syringona is a reactive process and is secondary to active inflarnmation or dermal fibrosis. It has been most commonly observed in scarring alobiecias but plays no significant role in the etiology of hair loss. (Kor J Dermatol 1994; 32(l): 163-166)