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이성창(Lee Seong-Chang),박현찬(Bahk Hyun-Chan),이승지(Lee Seung-Ji),이상호(Yi Sang-Ho) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.5
The study analyzed Urban Landscape Plans of Seoul based on the Landscape Law, as well as management and implementation system based on the Plan. Furthermore, it compared to those of the major Japanese cities, Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto, which have varied experiences in the system and operation regarding the urban landscape. Finally, it deduced suggestions to increase the efficiency of urban landscape management through the urban landscape plan in Seoul and other cities of Korea. The suggestions are as follows. First, in the aspect of system and contents of the urban landscape plan, association with other laws and systems should be pursued to solve the conflicts and as well enhance the efficiency. Moreover, it should choose prior strategy for the approach in stages and designate concrete landscape elements with management system. Second, in the aspect of urban landscape management scheme, it should prepare local guidelines and initiate regulation with concrete and quantitative standard. Third, in the implementation aspect, it needs to establish deliberation system to confirm the conformity with the guidelines and standards.
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서울시 경관계획에 따른 경관관리 운영평가 및 개선방안 연구
이성창 ( Seong Chang Lee ),박현찬 ( Hyun Chan Bahk ),정상혁 ( Sang Hyeok Jeong ),김승주 ( Seung Ju Kim ),엄민경 ( Min Kyeong Um ),이승지,윤혁경,김경인,주신하 서울시정개발연구원 2011 연구보고서 Vol.2011 No.18
Seoul city planned both Seoul Landscape Master Plan and Seoul Urban District Landscape Plan in 2009 based on the Landscape Law enacted in 2007. Both plans designated ``Landscape Management Zones`` according to the vision and basic concepts for each landscape type such as urban district, natural green, waterfront, and historic cultural landscape. For each zone, the plans provided ``Landscape Design Guideline and Checklist`` suggesting basic principles and directions to incite to conserve and cultivate the valuable landscape in the zones. As a tool to apply the guideline, Seoul adopted ``Landscape Self Check System``. The System requires architect himself/herself to check the Landscape Design Guideline and Checklist and to submit it along with the building permit documents. The system is about to be operated compulsorily after the trial application period (01 April 2009~ 31 March 2011). The study aims to monitor the actual condition and problems and to draw improvement schemes for the effective landscape management before the obligatory operation of the ``Landscape Self Check System``. The study seeks the supplementation and improvement schemes for the landscape management system for the stabilized operation. The main contents of the study are assessment of trial application, survey of officials and architects, analysis on applied cases, and case studies of Japanese cities. The assessment of trial application shows that the submission rate of the ``Landscape Design Guideline and Checklist`` is around 20% which is quite low. The rate of correct recognition of the officials who collect the checklists reaches about the half (about 52%), and the rate of wrong submission reaches up to 34% which is not improving. Analyzing the rates by each Gu-district shows that the variation of the rates between the Gu-districts are relatively high and that the officials are important not only in collecting the checklists correctly but also in encouraging and guiding the architects. The study conducted a survey to investigate the perception of interested parties. It shows that Landscape Self Check System actually changed the perception of the architects about landscape. About 50% of the architects responded that the system contributed to improve the recognition and consideration for landscape, and about 40% of the architects who think the guideline was helpful also answered that the guideline provided the effective information about the landscape resources and the direction for consideration. The survey illustrates the necessity of search system of the landscape management zones and the necessity to complement the design guidelines. The analysis of applied cases of the design guidelines shows that the architects checked the checklist routinely and repeatedly, and they confused the marks between ``not considered`` and ``not relevant.`` In addition, it is ambiguous to assess whether the guideline is reflected on buildings or not. This ambiguity might cause problems when ``pre-conference`` system is adopted, and therefore it is necessary to prepare operation manual. The study drew improvement schemes as a result; establishment of landscape management system, improvement of manpower and organization, and supplementation of Landscape Design Guideline and Checklist. First is the establishment of landscape management system to secure the power of execution. It is necessary to grade the management system into ``pre-conference`` and ``pre-consultation`` based on the influence of a building to the surrounding landscape and importance of the location, make the submission compulsory through supplementing the building permit process, and finally establish the online system to search the zones and guidelines linked to Seoul GIS portal system(http://gis.seoul.go.kr). Second is the improvement of manpower and organization for landscape management. It is necessary to increase the conference ability of the officials through preparing an operation manual for landscape management system, educate and cultivate the people including the officials and architects for the effective operation, and to secure the labor pool for the landscape adviser. Third is the supplementation of Landscape Design Guideline and Checklist. It is necessary to clarify the object of the landscape management for each zone and direction of each element, refine the design guidelines, and make to submit the supplementary explanations to check whether the landscape is considered or not. As the specific action plan to operate the above improvement schemes, the study suggested to include the articles for the ``pre-conference`` and ``pre- consultation`` system in the Seoul Landscape Ordinance when it is amended according to the amendment of the Landscape Law (legislation notice). It should include the ground to refuse a building permit application which lacks confirmation document of pre-consultation or pre-consultation and include an operation policy for landscape review. In addition, to increase the executive ability of the landscape plans, it should prepare the details to relieve the architectural standard for the buildings with excellent landscape, the support system for the Gu-district with excellent landscape management system, and the online search system.
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서울시 장기공공임대주택 리모델링을 위한 전략도출 및 모델개발
이성창 ( Seong Chang Lee ),박현찬 ( Hyun Chan Bahk ),정상혁 ( Sang Hyeok Jeong ),서주옥 ( Ju Ok Suh ),오지연,김도년,민승현,강경남,이준형 서울시정개발연구원 2010 연구보고서 Vol.2010 No.62
Many public rental housings began to be supplied since 1989 in Seoul are confronting the stage for remodeling. At Mar. 2009, an ``Act on the Support for Improving the Quality of Lives of Tenants in Long-Term Public Rental Housing`` was enacted, which established the systematic basis for the remodeling of public rental housing. It is necessary to furnish the direction and strategy for the remodeling of long-term public rental housing in Seoul adopting the remodeling schemes such as vertical and household extension used by the private. Therefore, the study aims to develop strategies and models for the remodeling and to help the establishment of the policies that suits for the long-term public rental housing in Seoul. The research drew the problems of the long-term public rental housing and the necessity for the remodeling. The long-term public rental housings have the problems in the aspects of dwelling unit, complex circumstances and management, community, and the policy, such as deterioration due to the low cost construction and poor management, a unit based on the old minimum space standard, insufficient parking lots, inadequate welfare facilities, and etc. Therefore, the necessity for the remodeling are suggested in the aspects of lives of the inhabitants, public, the needs of the times, and legal system. The basic direction for the remodeling of long-term public rental housing in Seoul is 『low-cost and high-efficiency remodeling that secures the residence environment corresponding to the change of socioeconomic circumstances, and that is connected with the housing policy that harmonizes healthfully with local society by new images without prejudice』. To realize this basic direction, the principles and sub strategies in four categories are suggested. The first category is residence environment. The principle is the improvement of living environment considering the characteristics of tenants. The sub strategies are 1) supply of tenants-specific residences, 2) improvement of the complex environment through reorganizing the facilities, 3) utilizing the construction cycle for the security of the settlement. The second category is the region and community. The principle is harmonization with the region through upgrading the image. The sub strategies are 4) overcoming the negative image through improvement of the design, 5) unification with local society changing the closed complex to the open complex, 6) creation of foothold of local society through introduction of necessity facilities. The third category is housing policy. The principle is maximum utilization of existing stocks for low-cost and high-efficiency effect. The sub strategies are 7) additional supply of public rental housing, 8) social mix through introduction of residences for new social classes, 9) extension of the durability through systematic management scheme. For the selection of case complexes to develop the model of remodeling, the complexes of permanent rental housing and rental housing for 50 years were investigated based on the criteria such as density, deterioration level, size, residential complex facility, placement of residential complex. Accordingly two complexes were selected: the complex 4 of Junggye and the complex 2-1 of Banghwa. Basic conception, a master plan, realization schemes are developed for each cases. The policy recommendations are also suggested by three categories. The first category is promotion scheme of the project. Based on the remodeling principles, limit of the finance, urgency, and the effect of the project, orders of planning elements are suggested. The first-order planning elements are improvement of the efficiency within the household, and security of enough parking spaces, safety, and additional rental housing, which are directly related to the remodeling principles. The second-order planning elements are expansion of bike/wheelchair station, security of storage for the pile-up, improvement of the garbage disposal box, improvement of the environment of under-ground parking lots, security of the valid space of passage and community space, and finally accommodation of diverse types of household, which are the elements for the improvement of residence complex environment. The third-order planning elements are improvement of the deteriorated stores and incidental facilities, improvement of the dull facades, entrance of complex and apartment housing, and energy efficiency within the residence complex, linkage and enhancement of community, and finally specialization of the ground and top floor, which are the elements related to the urban landscape, energy, and community aspects. The second category is modification of the system. It is recommended to establish the precise and synthesized examination system of long-term public rental housing. Based on the examination system, it is recommended to prepare the management master plan, remodeling manual, and institution. The third category is the plan to prepare a source of revenue. It is recommended to prepare a scheme to utilize the existing funds to support the remodeling of long-term public rental housing. In addition, it is recommended to organize the long-term public rental housing fund.
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ATM-프레임 릴레이 망 연동장치의 셀 수신 버퍼 용량 분석
이성창,남윤석,김정식,Lee, Sung-Chang,Nam, Yoon-Seok,Kim, Jeong-Sik 대한전자공학회 1999 電子工學會論文誌, S Vol.s36 No.10
본 논문에서는 ATM 망과 FR(Frame Relay) 망간의 연동장치(IWU)에서 ATM 망으로부터 프레임 셀들을 수신하여 프레임으로 복원한 후 FR 망으로 전송하는 프레임 셀 수신 버퍼의 소요량을 분석하였다. 이 프레임 셀 수신 버퍼에는 ATM 망을 통하여 다수의 다른 FR 망들로부터의 프레임 셀들이 다중화되어 입력된다. 수신되는 셀들은 VPI/VCI별로 동시에 프레임으로 조립되고, 프레임이 완성되면 각 연결의 설정에 따라 여러 개의 FR 망 전송 링크들 중 하나로 전송용량에 따라 순차적으로 전송된다. 따라서, IWU의 셀 수신부에는 다중화된 프레임 셀들을 VPI/VCI별로 동시에 프레임으로 조립하기 위한, 또한, 조립이 완성된 프레임에 대해서는 FR 링크로 전송되기까지 대기할 충분한 버퍼가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 프레임 셀 수신버퍼에 입력되는 트래픽 및 버퍼를 모델링하고 입력되는 트래픽의 파라미터들, 다중화 FR 연결의 수 및 FR 출력 링크의 수 및 전송능력 등의 항으로 프레임 손실 확률을 유도하였다. 이 손실 확률에 따라 주어진 손실 확률을 만족하는 소요 버퍼량을 여러 가지 연동 환경을 가정하여 분석하고 제시하였다. 또한, FR 연결의 다중화 수, 출력 링크의 수에 따른 손실율 및 버퍼 소요량의 변화 등을 분석하여 제시하였다. In this paper, the size of IWU frame cell buffer is analyzed that receives FR frame cells from other FR networks through ATM backbone network. The frame cell buffer receives multiplexed ATM cells from other IWUs that provide interworking with ATM network for other FR networks A receiving IWU reassembles frames from multiplexed ATM cells by identifying the VPI/VCIs. The reassembled frames are transmitted on FR network links according to their destination. Therefore, IWU needs sufficient amount of buffers for the assembly of the frames and for providing the assembled frames with the queue to wait until the frame is transmitted by FR network link. In this paper, the probability of frame loss at the frame cell buffer is derived in terms of traffic parameters, the number of multiplexed FR connections, the number of FR links and the transmission capacity. By applying the derived results, we analyzed the required buffer size for a given probability of frame loss. Also, it is presented that how the probability and the required size are effected by the number of multiplexed FR connections and FR transmission links.
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