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이새롬 ( Lee Sae Rom ) 충주문화원 부설 충주학연구소 2022 충주학연구 Vol.1 No.0
본 연구는 조선 후기 문인들의 한시에 표상된 충주(忠州)의 이미지를 정리하여 충주가 정치적 좌절을 겪은 문인들의 미련과 좌절, 기대 등의 심리가 문학적으로 투영된 공간으로서 정치적·문화적으로 중요한 의미를 지녔음을 밝히고자 하였다. 충주는 예로부터 한양에 접근하기가 쉬웠으며, 풍부한 물산을 자랑하고, 산과 강이 어우러진 승경과 함께 탄금대와 같은 명승지를 완상할 수 있었다. 이러한 지리적인 특징으로 인해 많은 문인들이 충주를 은거지로 삼았다. 특히 기묘명현의 많은 이들이 충주에 은거하며 자신들만의 세력을 구축하였다. 조선 후기에 노론(老論) 핵심 인사들이 호서 지역에 머물게 되면서 충주는 기호사림(畿湖士林)의 학맥을 잇는 공간으로 자리 잡았다. 누암서원의 존재는 충주가 기호사림의 중심지였음을 알려준다. 조선 시대 문인들은 정치적 혼란기에 일시적으로 혹은 오랜 기간 중앙정계에 설 자리를 잃었을 때, 그들 나름대로 영향력을 행사할 만한 공간으로 충주를 택하였다. 조선 후기 문인들 중 많은 이들이 충주에 내려왔지만 대부분 충주에 은거하는 기간은 짧은 편이었다. 대부분 출사와 은거를 반복하였기 때문이다. 그중 정호(鄭澔)와 안중관(安重觀)은 노론 문인으로 충주가 고향이며, 정치적으로 불리할 때마다 충주에 은거하였다. 두 문인은 충주에 거주하며 많은 시를 남겼는데, 충주에서 누리는 아름다운 풍경과 한적함에 대한 만족감을 표출하는 한편, 자신의 뜻을 알아주지 못하는 현실에 대한 염증, 출사에 대한 미련을 표출하였다. 정호는 <sub>영의정 ‧ 좌의정을 </sub>역임할 정도로 중앙 관료로서 활약하였으며, 당시 노소(老少) 갈등의 중심에 있던 인물이었다. 정호는 은거를 자신의 뜻을 관철시키기 위한 의사표시의 수단으로 활용하였다. 그렇기에 언제든지 도성으로 돌아갈 수 있는 충주를 은거지로 택하였다. 안중관은 주로 외직에 있었으며, 그가 스스로 사직한 이유가 뚜렷하게 드러나지 않는다. 다만 그가 은거하며 쓴 시에는 그의 불우의식과 현실에 대한 염증이 짙게 드러난다. 안중관은 현실에 대한 체념으로 인해 은거를 택하였지만 도성을 향한 미련으로 인해 최후의 배수진으로서 도성과 가까운 충주에 머물렀던 것으로 보인다. 충주는 조선 후기 문인들에게 복잡한 현실 속에서 잠시 떨어져 여유로움과 위안을 얻어갈 수 있는 곳이자 언제든 출사의 기회를 놓치지 않을 만한 공간이었음을 확인하였다. This study summarized the image of Chungju (忠州) represented in the literati’s classical Chinese poetry in the late Joseon, and confirmed that Chungju had important political and cultural significance as a literary space in which the psychology of regret, frustration, and expectations of the literati who had suffered political setbacks was projected. Since ancient times it was easy to access Seoul from Chungju, and it was possible to appreciate famous sights such as Tangeumdae along with the scenery of the mountains and rivers. It was also an area where products were abundant. Due to these geographical features, many of the literati stayed in Chungju. In particular, many figures of victims of Kimyo Year Literati Purge secluded in Chungju and established their own influence. In the late Joseon, as key Noron figures stayed in the Hoseo region, Chungju also established itself as a space connecting Kiho Sarim’s academic vessel. The existence of Nuam-seowon indicates that Chungju was the center of Kiho Sarim. The literati in the Joseon era lost their place in central politics temporarily or for a long period of time during the political turmoil, but they chose Chungju as a space where they could exert their own influence. Many of the literati in the late Joseon came to Chungju, but there was a tendency that most of them were secluded in Chungju for a short period of time. Most of these repeated going to office and being secluded. Among the literati in the late Joseon, Jeongho(鄭澔) and Ahn Jung-gwan (安重觀) were the Noron literati, and were secluded into Chungju as their hometown whenever they were politically disadvantaged. The two literati lived in Chungju and left many poems, and while expressing satisfaction with the beautiful scenery and serenity enjoyed in Chungju, they expressed their disgust about the reality of not being able to understand their intentions, and their lingering about going to office. Jeongho was active as a central bureaucrat to the extent that he served as Yeonguijeong-Jwauijeong, and he was at the center of the noron-soron conflict at the time. Jeongho’s seclusion was utilized as a means of expressing his will to carry out his own will. Thus, that’s why he chose to be secluded in Chungju, where he could return to Seoul at any time. Ahn Jung-gwan was mainly employed at a government post away from the capital, and it is not clear why he resigned himself. However, his poems that he wrote while he was secluded deeply reveal his awareness of misfortune and his disgust of reality. Although Ahn Jung-gwan chose to be secluded because of his resignation from reality, he seems to have stayed in Chungju, close to Seoul, as a position taken up with a river behind the troops because of his lingering toward Seoul. It was confirmed that Chungju was a place where the literati in the late Joseon could get relaxation and solace from the complex reality for a while, and a space where they could not miss an opportunity to go to office at any time. Through this, the literati’s awareness and literary discourse in the late Joseon was investigated in a space outside of Seoul, a symbol of central power.
유리섬유/폴리카보네이트 복합재료의 기지 분자량에 따른 함침 및 기계적 물성 평가
김늘새롬 ( Neul-sae-rom Kim ),장영진 ( Yeong-jin Jang ),이은수 ( Eun-soo Lee ),권동준 ( Dong-jun Kwon ),양성백 ( Seong Baek Yang ),이정언 ( Jungeon Lee ),염정현 ( Jeong Hyun Yeum ) 한국복합재료학회 2021 Composites research Vol.34 No.1
열가소성 섬유강화 복합재료는 수송용 기기의 경량화 소재로써 적용 분야가 확대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 분자량이 다른 폴리카보네이트(PC)를 이용하여 연속섬유 강화 유리섬유(GF)/폴리카보네이트(PC) 복합소재의 함침성 및 기계적 물성에 대한 평가를 진행하였다. GF 직물과 PC 필름을 제조한 후, 이를 이용하여 연속가압성형법으로 연속섬유 강화 GF/PC 복합재 평판을 제조하였다. PC 분자량에 따른 용융지수를 측정 및 평가하였고, GF제직물 강화 GF/PC 복합재료의 인장강도, 굴곡강도, 압축강도 및 기공체적률을 평가하였다. 전계방사형 주사전자 현미경을 이용하여 인장파괴된 GF/PC 복합재료의 형태를 분석하여 파괴거동을 확인하였다. 분자량이 20,000일 때 최적의 기계적 특성이 발현되는 것을 확인하였다. Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites are applied to transport industries to lightweight of body, and applications will be expanded gradually. In this study, the impregnation and mechanical properties of continuous glass fiber (GF) reinforced polycarbonate (PC) composites were evaluated with different molecular weights of PC. The continuous GF reinforced PC composite were prepared by using GF fabric and PC film via continuous compression molding method. The melting flow index and tensile strength of PC matrix were evaluated with different molecular weights. Mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and compressive) and pore rate of GF/PC composite were evaluated with different molecular weights of PC. The fracture behavior was analyzed to fracture surface of GF/PC composite using FE-SEM images. As these results, it was condition of representing the best mechanical property that the GF/PC composite was prepared by using PC of 20,000 g/mol as matrix.
김정은 시대의 북한 구강보건의료 발전방침과 실태에 대한 탐색적 연구
이새롬 ( Sae-rom Lee ),정세환 ( Se-hwan Jung ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2020 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.44 No.1
Objectives: Studies on oral health care in North Korea are being pursued in South Korea. However, the covertness of North Korea offers substantial resistance to the access of information from the country, including in the field of oral health care. In this study, we explored North Korea’s oral health care policy and its status in the Kim Jong-Un Era. Methods: We used existing information from Internet searches and also interviewed three health care professionals who had recently contact with North Korea. Results: At present, there are four development policies of oral health care in North Korea: expansion of dental institutions and resource support, strengthening the prevention and treatment of dental diseases, improvement of dental prosthetics, and increasing the responsibility and role of the dental workforce. In addition, there has been an increasing interest in children’s oral health with the development of a few programs. Conclusions: In order to improve overall oral health care, cooperation is required from North Korea in accessing relevant information in the field of children’s oral health, dental prosthetics, and dental materials. For this to occur, there should be a preliminary trust building process between North Korea and South Korea as well as access to information from reliable sources.
양안 외직근후전술 후 재발한 간헐외사시에서 양안 내직근절제술의 효과
정새롬(Sae Rom Chung),이태은(Tae Eun Lee),유인천(In Cheon You),조남천(Nam Chun Cho),안 민(Min Ahn) 대한안과학회 2018 대한안과학회지 Vol.59 No.6
목적: 간헐외사시로 양안 외직근후전술을 받은 후 재발한 환자에서 양안 내직근절제술의 효과를 알아본다. 대상과 방법: 2009년 1월부터 2015년 8월까지 간헐외사시로 외직근후전술을 받은 후 20프리즘디옵터(prism diopters, PD) 이상 외사시가 재발한 환자 중 양안 내직근절제술을 시행한 25명을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 내직근절제는 원거리 사시각을 기준으로 4.0-6.5 mm까지 0.5 mm 단위로 시행하였고 수술 후 경과관찰은 1일, 1주일, 3개월, 6개월, 1년에 사시각을 측정하여 내직근절제량에 따른 사시각 교정 정도를 조사하였다. 결과: 재수술 전 사시각은 27.20 ± 5.02 PD의 외편위였고, 재수술 시 시행한 양안 내직근절제술의 양은 평균 5.10 ± 0.79 mm였다. 재수술 후 원거리 사시각은 수술 직후 10.68 ± 5.50 PD 내편위각을 보이다 시간이 지남에 따라 과교정된 내편위각이 줄어들고 수술 1년 후에는 1.16 ± 7.54 PD의 내편위각을 보였다. 수술 직후에는 84%에서 과교정 소견을 보였으나 1년이 지난 후에는 24%로 줄어들었고 수술 성공률은 68%였다. mm당 교정량은 재수술 후 1일, 1주일, 3개월, 6개월, 1년에서 각각 7.53 ± 1.22, 7.75 ± 2.16, 6.27 ± 1.74, 5.50 ± 1.54, 5.56 ± 1.58 PD/mm였으며, 시간이 지남에 따라 교정 효과가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 수술 1년째 mm당 교정량은 내직근 절제량과 관계없이 일정하게 유지되었다(p=0.939). 결론: 양안 외직근후전술 후 20 PD 이상 재발한 외사시에서 양안 내직근절제술 시 처음에는 과교정되나 시간이 경과함에 따라 수술 후 1년에는 1.16 ± 7.54 PD 내편위각으로 정위에 가까운 소견을 보인다. 20 PD 이상의 외사시에서 양안 내직근절제술은 유용한 수술방법이다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bilateral medial rectus muscle resection on the treatment of recurrent intermittent exotropia. Methods: A retrospective chart analysis was conducted for 25 patients who underwent bilateral medial rectus resection for recurrent exotropia over 20 prism diopters (PD) between January 2009 and August 2015. The medial rectus was resected from 4.0 to 6.5 mm by 0.5 mm according to the deviation angle. The postoperative angle of deviation was checked at 1 day, 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively to investigate the amount of corrected deviation per resected muscle. Results: The average preoperative deviation angle was 27.20 ± 5.02 PD exodeviation and the mean resection was 5.10 ± 0.79 mm of the medial rectus. The postoperative angle deviation was 10.68 ± 5.50 PD esodeviation at 1 day. The incidence of esodeviation tended to decrease over time. At 1 year, the postoperative angle deviation was 1.16 ± 7.54 PD esodeviation. The overcorrection rate was 84% at 1 day postoperatively but decreased to 24% at 1 year with a success rate of 68%. The corrected deviation angle per millimeter was 7.53 ± 1.22, 7.75 ± 2.16, 6.27 ± 1.74, 5.50 ± 1.54, and 5.56 ± 1.58 PD/mm at 1 day, 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery, respectively. The dose effect per millimeter decreased over time. The corrected deviated angle per millimeter remained constant regardless of the amount of medial rectus muscle resection at 1 year postoperatively(p=0.939). Conclusions: Bilateral medial rectus resection for recurrent exotropia over 20 PD tended to overcorrect at first; however, after 1 year, the mean angle of deviation was 1.16 ± 7.54 PD esodeviation. Bilateral medial rectus resection is an effective surgical method for the treatment of recurrent exotropia over 20 PD.
이새롬(Sae-Rom Lee),신혜현(Hye-Hyun Shin),황금택(Keum Taek Hwang),정석태(Seok Tae Jeong),김태영(Tae-Young Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.5
전통 향약술의 하나인 감홍로주의 효능을 좀 더 과학적으로 탐구하기 위하여 감홍로주를 만드는데 사용되는 재료의 침출액들의 항산화능을 알아보고자 하였다. 알코올 함량 45%, 60%의 정제주정(PE), 45% 재래식 증류주정(TDE)을 이용하여 주정 1000 ㎖에 계피, 방풍, 정향, 생강, 자초, 감초, 진피, 용안육을 각각 2.5 g씩 혼합하여 넣고 침출하였다. 알코올 함량 60%의 PE에 재료를 20 g씩 따로 넣고 침출하였다. 상온에서 90일 동안 침출하면서 30일마다 항산화능을 조사하였다. 항산화능은 폴리페놀 함량 및 ABTS와 DPPH radical scavenging activity를 이용하여 측정하였다. 8가지 재료의 혼합 침출액의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 45%와 60% PE에서 30일 동안 침출했을 때보다 90일 동안 침출했을 때에 유의적으로 증가하였다. 8가지 재료를 각각 따로 침출하여 만든 침출액 중에서는 정향 침출액이 다른 시료들에 비해 폴리페놀의 함량이 유의적으로 높았다. ABTS IC50 값은 45%와 60% PE와 45% TDE 침출액에 30일 동안 침출했을 때보다 90일 동안 침출했을 때 유의적으로 그 값이 감소하였다. 이 실험을 통해 침출 조건에 관계없이 대체적으로 침출 기간이 길어질수록 항산화능이 증가한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 8가지 재료 침출액 중 ABTS IC50 값은 정향, 계피, 생강침출액 순으로 낮았다. DPPH IC50 값은 정향, 계피, 감초 침출액 순으로 낮았다. 생강 침출액은 총 폴리페놀 함량이 가장 낮았으나, ABTS와 DPPH 실험에서는 높은 항산화능을 보여 폴리페놀 물질 이외에도 항산화능에 관여하는 물질이 존재하는 것으로 보인다. 이 실험을 통해 감홍로주 제조에 사용되는 재료 중 정향과 계피가 가장 항산화능이 높은 재료라는 것을 알 수 있었다. Gamhongro-ju is a Korean traditional alcoholic beverage made from medicinal herbs and spices. In this study, polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of gamhongro-ju and the 8 individual herb extracts used to make the beverage were determined. Cinnamon, saposhnikovia root, clove, ginger, violet-root cromwell, licorice, citrus peel and logan (2.5 g each) were extracted with 1000 ㎖ of 45% and 60% purified ethanol (PE), and 45% traditionally distilled ethanol (TDE). The individual herb (20 g each) was extracted with 1000 ㎖ of 60% PE. Polyphenol content, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of the extracts were measured. In the combined herb extracts, polyphenols were significantly higher in the 45% and 60% PE extracted for 90 days than those for 30 days. In the 8 individual herb extracts, the clove extract had the highest polyphenol content (2421~2446 ㎎/ℓ). ABTS IC50 values of the combined herb extracts were lower in the 60% PE and 45% TDE extracted for 90 days than those for 30 days. In the 8 individual herb extracts, the clove and cinnamon had the lowest ABTS and DPPH IC50 values. In the individual extracts, ginger had the lowest polyphenol content; however, it was the third in the antioxidant activity.
Quantitative Light Induced Fluorescence Digital을 이용한 수종의 구강양치액의 치면세균막 감소효과에 대한 비교연구
이새롬 ( Sae Rom Lee ),김재홍 ( Jae Hong Kim ),허성윤 ( Sung Yoon Huh ) 한국치위생과학회 2013 치위생과학회지 Vol.13 No.4
This study was conducted to compare the dental plaque reduction using various mouthwashes with Quantitative Light induced Fluorescence- Digital (QLF-D). A survey on 20 students was carried out. The students who were at Shingu College. Experimental group was gargled 20 ml of Listerine during 30 seconds and 15 ml of Hexamedine during 60 seconds. Control group was gargled distilled water during 30 second. The data were analyzed with t-test using SPSS 20.0 program. The ratios of control group and experimental group were reduced. Degree of ◁R30 and ◁R70 Listerine group was a significant difference (p>0.05). Degree of Simple Plaque Score and ◁R30 Hexamedine group was a significant difference (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in the distilled water gargle group (p<0.05). The result of this study has the effect of two mouthwashes reduced dental plaque. The evaluation data of this study will be used in clinical application and research about QLF-D.
보관 온도 및 기간에 따른 청심연자음 전탕액의 지표성분과 약리 활성 변화에 관한 연구
유새롬 ( Sae-rom Yoo ),하혜경 ( Hyekyung Ha ),이나리 ( Nari Lee ),신현규 ( Hyeun-kyoo Shin ),서창섭 ( Chang-seob Seo ) 대한본초학회 2017 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.32 No.4
Objectives : Chungsimyeonja-eum (CSYJE; Qingxinlianzi-yin in Chinese; Seishinrenshi-in in Japanese), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used for treating mouth dryness, hyperuresis. This study was designed to determine preservation period of CSYJE. We investigated the stability and biological activity of CSYJE depending on the preservation temperature and periods. Methods : CSYJE decoction was preserved for 0-6 or 12 months at room temperature (RT, 23±1℃) or refrigeration (4℃). To evaluate the stability of CSYJE decoction, pH and dissolved solids content were measured. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed to determine marker compounds-liquiritin apioside, liquiritin, baicalin, wogonoside, and glycyrrhizin-in CSYJE. To determine anti-inflammatory effect of CSYJE, prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) was measured in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Results : Both at RT and 4℃, pH was decreased depending on the preservation periods. There was no changes in dissolved solids content depending on the preservation temperature and periods. Both at RT and 4℃, the contents of liquiritin apioside and liquiritin were slightly increased at 1 month of storage. The level of baicalin was decreased time-dependently and the disappearance rate at RT is larger than at 4℃. CSYJE inhibited PGE<sub>2</sub> production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and maintained inhibitory effect by 12 months both at RT and 4℃. Conclusions : Based on the disappearance rate of the baicalin in CSYJE, the preservation period is recommended within 8 months for RT and 12 months for 4℃.