Treatment of Hospital Wastewater by Biological Fluidized Bed

이민규,이회근,감상규,이동환,( Min Gyu Lee,Whae Geon Lee,Sang Kyu Kam,Dong Hwan Lee,Tadashi Hano ) 한국공업화학회 1997 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1990 No.3

2-Arch 터널의 막장면 종방향 적정 이격거리에 관한 연구

이민규,정지수,이성기,이승호,Lee, Min-Kyu,Jeong, Ji-Su,Lee, Sung-Ki,Lee, Seung-Ho 한국터널지하공간학회 2007 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.9 No.4

최근 선형분리 곤란, 환경훼손 최소화 및 용지보상 등의 이유로 2-Arch 터널의 채택이 점점 증가하고 있다. 이런 실정에도 불구하고 2-Arch 터널은 국내에서의 시공실적 및 설계사례의 부족으로 자료의 데이터화가 체계적이지 않고 2-Arch 터널의 역학적인 거동 메커니즘에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 2-Arch 터널의 종방향 이격거리에 대한 연구를 통해 본선 선행터널과 중앙벽체의 거동 메커니즘을 분석하고 적정 이격거리를 제안하고자 한다. 2-Arch 터널의 이격거리 산정은 터널의 안정이 확보되는 조건에서 산정하는 것이 타당하며, 이격거리에 따라 보다 민감하게 작용하는 중앙 벽체의 거동에 영향을 최소화 할 수 있는 범위내에서 이격거리를 산정하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 이격거리에 따른 중앙벽체의 민감도 분석결과 최대 변곡점이 생겨 급격한 응력변화가 발생하는 0.5D이내를 이격거리로 산정하는 것이 타당할 것으로 사료된다. Recently, due to the effective land utilization and environmental protection, the construction of 2-arch tunnel has been gradually increased. In spite of this tendency, the mechanical information for the 2-arch tunnel, especially such as its behavior characteristics and mechanism are not enough. Therefore in this study, the theoretical and numerical studies on the behavior characteristics of 2-arch tunnel are carried out and longitudinal optimum separated distance of tunnel face is proposed by considering the analysis results from the behavior of advanced excavation of tunnel and stress of central pillar. As a result, longitudinal optimum separated distance of tunnel face is in 0.5D for the better safety of 2-arch tunnel by rapidly decreasing the stress concentration of central pillar.

한국판 식사태도검사-26(The Eating Attitude Test-26 : KEAT-26) 의 타당화

이민규,고영택,이혜경,황을지,이영호,Rhee, Min-Kyu,Go, Young-Taek,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Whang, Eul-Ji,Lee, Young-Ho 한국정신신체의학회 2001 정신신체의학 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구는 KEAT-26의 변별 타당도를 알아보고 이 척도의 진단적(분류적) 효율성을 알아보기 위해서 이루어졌다. 참여자는 여성 식사장애 환자 108명, 체형관리센터에서 체형관리프로그램에 참여하고 있는 여성 179명, 체대운동여학생 120명, 일반여자대학생 227명 그리고 일반여자 183명(총 817명)이었다. 변량분석과 ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve) 곡선 분석을 통해서 이 척도의 타당화를 시도하였다. 그 결과 KEAT-26 총점수가 집단간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 사후 검증에서 식사장애 환자집단이 다른 모든 집단보다 KEAT-26 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 그리고 각 집단에 따른 KEAT-26의 4 개 하위 요인점수의 차이 검증에서 모든 하위요인들에서 집단의 주 효과가 유의하였으나, 사후검증에서 요인 IV의 변별력이 떨어졌다. ROC 곡선 분석을 통하여 이 척도의 분류적인 효용성과 최대의 가질 때의 절단접수를 알아본 결과 식사장애 환자와 정상인 집단을 분류할 때 평균 약 80%이상의 효용성이 있으나 식사장애 고위험 집단을 변별할 때는 평균 약 69%의 효용성을 보였다. 특히, 최고의 효용성을 보일 때의 절단점수를 효면, 식사장애환자와 체형관리자를 분류할 때 절단점이 25점, 식사장애환자와 일반 여자를 분류할 때 분류점수는 19 점, 삭사장애환자 대 체대운동여학생의 분류 점수는 23점, 식사장애환자 대 일반여대생의 절단점은 21점이었다. 이민규 등(1998)이 제안한 T점수 65에 해당하는 KEAT-26의 총점 22점을 절단점수로 했을 때 이 척도의 민감도 54%, 특이도 84%, 효율성은 평균 80% 이었다. 본 연구 결과 KEAT-26온 한국 사람이 겪고 있는 식사문제에 관련된 연구에 필요한 신뢰롭고 타당한 도구임을 밝혀졌다. 또한 본 연구결과는 이 척도가 임상적인 이용 뿐 만 아니라 역학조사 동의 목적으로 식사문제가 있는 사람을 선별하는데도 유용한 도구임을 지지해 준다. This study was attempted to investigate the discriminant validity of Korean version of Eating Attitude Test-26(KEAT-26) and to provide the sensitivity, specificity and efficiency according to cutting score, which may be useful to determine the optimal cutoff point on various purposes. The KEAT-26 was administered to 108 female patients with eating disorders, 179 female participants in body slimming center, 120 female athletic college students, 227 female college students, and 183 healthy normal women. Validity was tested by ANOVA and ROC curve analysis. The results revealed that the total score of the KEAT-26 showed a statistically significance between groups and that the score of the KEAT-26 of eating disorders group was significantly higher than that of the other groups in post hoc test. In comparison of the 4 subfactor score of the KEAT-26 between groups, significant differences in main effect within groups were found in all subfactors except factor IV. ROC curve analysis showed 80% of efficiency to discriminate eating disorders group from normal control group using cutoff score on maximum discriminant efficiency and 69% of efficiency to discriminate eating disorders group from high risk groups for eating disorders. Each cutoff score on maximum in efficiency was as follows ; 25 between eating disorders group and participants in body slimming center, 19 between eating disorders group and healthy normal woman, 23 between eating disorders group and athletic college students, 21 between eating disorders group and college students. Using 22(T score 65) of the KEAT-26 as the cutoff score, sensitivity was 54%, specificity was 84%, and overall efficiency was 80%. These results indicate that the KEAT-26 has a good discriminant validity in Korean population and also suggest that the KEAT-26 may be useful assessment tool to screen the disordered eating problems on clinical and epidemiological purposes.

박스-벤켄 설계법을 이용한 폐감귤박 활성탄에 의한 수용액 중의 항생제 Trimethoprim의 흡착 연구

이민규,감상규,Lee, Min-Gyu,Kam, Sang-Kyu 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.56 No.4

폐감귤박으로 제조한 활성탄(WCAC, waste citrus peel based activated carbon)에 의한 항생제 trimethoprim (TMP)의 흡착 특성을 조사하기 위해 반응표면법(RSM, response surface methodology)을 사용하여 TMP 흡착에 대한 운전인자들의 영향을 조사하였다. 농도($X_1$: 50-150 mg/L), pH ($X_2$: 4-10), 온도($X_3$: 293-323 K), 흡착제 투여량($X_4$: 0.05-0.15 g)의 4가지 입력 파라미터를 가진 4-요인 Box-Behnken 실험 설계에 따라 회분식 실험을 수행하고, 얻어진 실험 결과를 다중 회귀 분석으로 2차 다항식에 맞추고 통계적 방법을 사용하여 검토하였다. 독립 변수 및 변수들 간의 교호 작용의 유의성은 ANOVA 및 t-검정 통계기법으로 평가하였으며, 통계적 결과는 TMP 농도가 다른 요인들에 비하여 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 운전인자라는 것을 보여 주었다. 흡착공정은 유사 2차 속도식에 잘 부합하였으며, 등온흡착평형관계는 Langmuir 식이 Freundlich 식 보다 잘 부합하였다. Langmuir 등온식으로 부터 계산한 WCAC에 의한 TMP의 최대 흡착량은 293 K에서 144.9 mg/g이었다. In order to investigate the adsorption characteristics of the antibiotics trimethoprim (TMP) by activated carbon (WCAC) prepared from waste citrus peel, the effects of operating parameters on the TMP adsorption were investigated by using a response surface methodology (RSM). Batch experiments were carried out according to a four-factor Box-Behnken experimental design with four input parameters : concentration ($X_1$: 50-150 mg/L), pH ($X_2$: 4-10), temperature ($X_3$: 293-323 K), adsorbent dose ($X_4$: 0.05-0.15 g). The experimental data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation by the multiple regression analysis and examined using statistical methods. The significance of the independent variables and their interactions was assessed by ANOVA and t-test statistical techniques. Statistical results showed that concentration of TMP was the most effective parameter in comparison with others. The adsorption process can be well described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The experimental data of isotherm followed the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption amount of TMP by WCAC calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 144.9 mg/g at 293 K.

DEVS 통합개발환경 기반 모의 어뢰 표적탐지부 연동장비 개발

이민규,황근철,이동훈,나영인,김우식,Lee, Min Kyu,Hwang, Kun Chul,Lee, Dong Hoon,Nah, Young In,Kim, Woo Shik 한국시뮬레이션학회 2015 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.24 No.1

무기체계의 합리적인 요구사항 도출을 위해서는 많은 경험과 시행착오가 필요하지만, 현실적으로는 개발 비용과 위험 등의 이유로 M&S를 통한 접근이 일반적이다. 무기체계 획득 이외에도, 개발된 무기체계의 분석 또는 훈련을 목적으로도 M&S가 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 국방과학연구소에서는 이러한 M&S의 필요성을 충족시키기 위해 모의실험 및 체계분석 구현에 필요한 M&S 공통기반기술 제공을 목적으로 해군 전투실험을 위한 DEVS 통합개발환경(QUEST)을 개발하였다. 본 논문에서는 모의 어뢰 표적탐지부 연동 아키텍처를 설계하고, QUEST의 무기체계 시뮬레이션 기능을 활용하여 모의 어뢰 표적탐지부 연동장비를 개발하였다. 모의 어뢰 표적탐지부 연동장비는 표적탐지 결과를 제공하는 어뢰 표적탐지부와 어뢰 표적탐지부의 성능 시험에서 필요한 시뮬레이션 시나리오를 제공하는 QUEST 시나리오 발생기로 구성된다. 모의 어뢰 표적탐지부 연동 아키텍처는 QUEST 시나리오 발생기와 어뢰 표적탐지부와의 연동을 통해 어뢰 표적탐지부의 성능 및 인터페이스를 검증할 수 있도록 설계되었다. It is necessary for us to undergo trial and error for eliciting the rational requirement of the acquisition of weapon systems, but the M&S is general approach due to costs and risk of the development. In addition to the acquisition of weapon systems, M&S is extensively employed in the analysis and the training of developed weapon systems. The ADD (Agency for Defense Development) has developed DEVS integrated development environment (QUEST) that provides M&S general ground technique composed of simulation model implementation services, simulation result analysis services, and simulation interface services. This paper describes the interface architecture and the implementation of torpedo target detection section interface simulation system using QUEST. The torpedo target detection section interface simulation system is composed of torpedo target detection section which calculates a result of target detection and the QUEST scenario generator which provides simulation scenario for performance test of the torpedo target detection section. The interface architecture of torpedo target detection section interface simulation system is designed to verify the interface and performance of the torpedo target detection section by linking with the QUEST scenario generator.

어뢰대항전술 영향을 고려한 수상함의 대잠탐색패턴 연구

이민규,Lee, Min-Kyu 한국군사과학기술학회 2010 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The tactical effectiveness, which is the result of applying decision-making algorithms to respond a specific situation with weapons and sensors, is required to analyze according to the integrated combat situation, because each situation, which is intimately involved with each other, influences the surface ship to complete missions successfully. However, the tactical effectiveness have been analyzed in separation of each tactical situation due to the complexity of the integrated tactical situation. This paper is originated from the needs for analyzing the anti-submarine search region of the surface ship after it evades the torpedo by operation of the torpedo countermeasure tactics. It also describes simulation results of effectiveness analysis for the search patterns in the search region.

Haddad 증후군 1예

이민규,김준성,박성종,김기수,김인구,윤종현,김경모,Lee, Min Kyu,Kim, Joon Sung,Park, Seong Jong,Kim, Ki Su,Kim, In Koo,Yoon, Chong Hyun,Kim, Kyung Mo 대한소아소화기영양학회 2005 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.8 No.2

저자들은 청색증, 복부 팽만을 주소로 내원한 생후 2일 된 남아에서 Haddad 증후군, 즉 결장 전체의 무신경절증 형태의 Hirschsprung병을 동반한 선천성 중추성 저환기 증후군 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. The combination of Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome with Hirschsprung's disease, also known as Haddad syndrome, belongs to the family of diseases now designated as Neurocristopathies. We have experienced a case of Haddad syndrome in a male infant who presented with repetitive abdominal distension, bilious vomiting, and sleep apnea. Following colon study and rectal biopsy disclosed the absence of the ganglion cell. And the infant could not be weaned from mechanical ventilation since birth because of the absence of effective, spontaneous respiration during sleep. As he was diagnosed as Haddad syndrome, tracheostomy and ileostomy were performed consecutively. At the age of 4 months, he was relatively healthy but remained ventilator-dependent. We report the first Korean case of Haddad syndrome with a brief review of the related literature.

한국판 식사태도검사-26(The Korean Version of Eating Attitudes Test-26 : KEAT-26) 표준화 연구 I : 신뢰도 및 요인분석

이민규,이영호,박세현,손창호,정영조,홍성국,이병관,장필립,윤애리,Rhee, Min-Kyu,Lee, Young-Ho,Park, Se-Hyun,Sohn, Chang-Ho,Chung, Young-Cho,Hong, Sung-Kook,Lee, Byung-Kwan,Chang, Phi-Lip,Yoon, A-Rhee 한국정신신체의학회 1998 정신신체의학 Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study was to test a reliability and validity of the Korean version of Eating Attitudes Test-26(KEAT-26). Using multi-stage sampling, we finally got 3,496 subjects(1422 males and 2074 females) who were available for analysis from target 4,400 Korean adults over 18 in the nationwide areas of9 kus, 10 middle or small cities, and 17 kuns. We tried to make T score norm of the KEAT-26 as a cutoff score and STEN score norm as a index of severity for disordered eating behaviors. For the male group, Cronhach's internal consistency was .83 and Spearman-Brown split half correlation coefficiency was .75. For the female group, each of them was .81 and .75, and .81, .75 for the grand total group respectively. Validity test was performed by construct validation analysis. By a iterated principal axis factoring, 4 factors were extracted. There were some differences in the factors of the KEAT-26 by sex. In the male group, factor I was 'self-control of eating and bulimic symptom', factor II was 'food preoccupation and dieting', factor III was 'preoccupation with being thinner', factor N was 'avoidance of sweet foods'. In contrast with the male group, factor I was 'self-control of eating and bulimic symptom', factor II was 'preoccupation with being thinner', factor III was 'food preoccupation' and factor N was 'dieting' in the female group. We used T score 65 as a cutoff score. T score 65 corresponded to raw score 19 in the male group, 22 in the female group and 21 in the grand total group. Severity of disordered eating behaviors was measured by a STEN score. In the male group, each of the score range of 0-10, 11-14, 15-18, 19-22 and over 23 represented the degree of none, subclinical, manifest, moderate and severe severity respectively. Each of the score range of 0-13, 14-17, 18-21, 22-26 and over 27 in the female group, and the score range of 0-12, 13-16, 17-20, 21-25 and over 26 in the grand total group also represented the same degree of severity as like in the male group. These results support that KEAT-26 is a reliable and valid scale for evaluating disordered eating behaviors and eating problems.

안구 길이와 유리체절제술이 SRK/T 공식의 굴절 오차에 미치는 영향

이민규,황규연,김만수,Min Kyu Lee,Kyu Yeon Hwang,Man Soo Kim 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the error tendency between preoperative target diopter and postoperative manifest refraction in cataract surgery cases and the effect of axial length and vitrectomy on refractive error (RE). Methods: We retrospectively studied 90 eyes of 90 patients who underwent cataract surgery. The power of intraocular lens (IOL) was calculated by SRK/T formula. Patients were devided into four groups based on axial length (AXL) and the past history of vitrectomy. Results: The mean of RE showed no significant difference between groups. But an increasing AXL was associated with increased myopic shift with normal range AXL (≤24.4 mm) (r = -0.502, p = 0.005) and increased hyperopic shift with long AXL (>24.4 mm) (r = 0.718, p < 0.001). In vitrectomized eyes, it showed no significant refractive shift with both normal range and long AXL. Conclusions: When determining IOL power using SRK/T formula in nonvitrectomized eyes, postoperative refractive shift based on axial length should be considered.

크루즈 관광객의 기항지 쇼핑 지출 분석 - 순서화 로짓 모형을 중심으로 -

이민규 ( Min Kyu Lee ),이건우 ( Gun Woo Lee ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2014 해운물류연구 Vol.30 No.4

본 연구는 한국관광공사가 조사한 2012년 한국 방문 크루즈 여행객 설문조사 자료를 바탕으로 크루즈 관광객의 기항지 쇼핑 지출에 영향을 주는 요인을 순서화 로짓모형으로 분석하였다. 분석을 위해 크루즈 입항지역, 한국방문빈도, 크루즈 관광객의 사회경제적 특징 등을 고려하였고, 크루즈 관광의 특징을 반영할 수 있는 크루즈 이용 목적, 기항지 프로그램의 종류, 과거 크루즈 관광 유무 등의 변수도 함께 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 기항지 관광을 통한 쇼핑 지출에 영향을 주는 요인은 크루즈 입항지역, 설문 응답자의 국적, 크루즈 이용목적, 성별, 연령, 소득수준, 직업 등으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 전체 크루즈 관광객 집단에서 쇼핑 지출 경향이 높은 집단을 세분화하고 이들에 대한 맞춤형 마케팅 전략을 수립하는 데 활용 가능하다. 또한, 국내기항지의 크루즈 관광 활성화에 많은 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study analyzed the determinants affecting shore excursion expenditures of cruise tourists visiting Korea through an ordered logit model, based on 2012 international cruise visitor survey data conducted by Korea Tourism Organization. We considered ports of call, the frequency of visit to Korea, socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, such as age, gender, and income, as well as the purpose of cruise tourism, the shore excursion program type, and experiences in cruise tourism as various determinants. Analysis results reveal that main determinants affecting shore excursion expenditures are ports of call, nationality, the purpose of cruise tourism, gender, age, income level, and occupation. This study can be applied to the market segmentation that involves dividing a total group into groups with high willingness to pay and the design of marketing strategies suited to those. Finally, it is expected that analysis results will provide significant implications pertaining to the activation of cruise tourism of local areas near ports of call.