삼초(三焦)와 동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元) 사초(四焦)의 비교고찰(比較考察)

이경애,박성식,이원철,Lee, Kyung-Ae,Park, Seong-Sik,Lee, Won-Chul 대한한방내과학회 1995 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this is to understand the concept of Sacho on the basis of 'Sa-Sang philosophy(四象哲學)'. In oder to achieve this purpose, Sanjiao and Sacho were investigated, centering on the philophicalbasis, region. action. The conclusion would be summerized as follows. 1. Viewed in the light of a philosophical basis, Sanjiao is first recorded in Nae-Kyung(內經), a concept that Yin-Yang(陰陽), Oh-Hang(五行) in Nae-Kyung Medcine, the cosmos's order and it's moving rule could be directly applied to human body. On the contrary Sacho is a term first used by Lee Jae-Ma, a human-oriented concept that formed in Confucianism system. based on Sa-Sang type classifying in Sa-Sang Medicine. 2. Viewd in the light of a region, the upper part of Sacho is similar to the upper-jiao of Sanjiao, the mid-upper part of Sacha to the middle-jiao of Sanjiao, the mid-lower and the lower parts of Sacha to the lower-jiao of Sanjiao. But these regions are not equal to anatomical regions. Sanjiao and Sacha is similar concept from the view point of the upper and lower oder, but Sanjiao has only a concept of the upper and lower order, doesn't have a concept of the front and the rear, inside and outside. 3. Viewed in the light of a action, Sanjiao and Sacho is a similar concept from the view point of a large boundary in the life activity.Sanjiao explains the region of human body, setting imfortance on the viscera physiology, on the contrary Sacho explains the whole function of human body including one's heart's desire, physical constitution and the visceral physiolosy. 4. Viewed in the light of produsing-wasting activity. sanjiao and Sacho have both produsing action and wasting action. but Sacho has a more concrete concept of produsing action by using a term-Sa Hae(四海) 5. Viewed in the light of vital energy(氣)'s action, Sajiao give the first consideration to the rising and falling action of vital energy, on the contrary Sacho give the first consideration to the transversal circulation of vital energy and the deviation of it in each part. According to the above results, Sacho must be discussed separately from Sanjiao, it is recommended that further study is necessary to understand the concept of Sacho on the basis of Sa-Sang philosophy.

금붕어에 미치는 카드뮴독성에 (毒性) 대한 홍삼추출물의 (紅蔘抽出物) 해독효과 (Ⅲ) - 간세포의 (肝細胞) 미세구조에 (微細構造) 미치는 효과 -

이경애,이춘구 ( Kyung Ae Lee,Choon Koo Lee) 한국하천호수학회 1987 생태와 환경 Vol.20 No.4

Detoxic effects of red ginseng extract against toxicities of cadmium to ultrastructures of goldfish hepatocytes were studied by electron microscopy. 1. In the hepatocytes of control group, normal form of cell structures was showed. 2. In the hepatocytes of cadmium treatment group, the nucleus membrane, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticula were ruptured, a few lysosomes appeared, and the amount of glycogen granules was decreased. 3. In the hepatocytes of cadmium and red ginseng extract treatment group, the nucleus membrane, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticula were recovered to normal state of control hepatocytes.

논문편 : 성인의 영양소 섭취상태 및 체위와 혈액내 지방수준과의 상관관계에 관한 연구

이경애,김우경,김숙희 ( Kyoung Ae Lee,Woo Kyung Kim,Sook He Kim ) 대한가정학회 1995 Family and Environment Research Vol.33 No.6

금붕어에 미치는 카드뮴독성에 (毒性) 대한 홍삼추출물의 (紅蔘抽出物) 해독효과 (Ⅳ) - 신장의 미세구조에 (微細構造) 미치는 효과 -

이경애,이춘구 ( Kyung Ae Lee,Choon Koo Lee ) 한국하천호수학회 1988 생태와 환경 Vol.21 No.1

Antitoxic effects of red ginseng extract against toxicities of cadmium to ultrastructure of goldfish kidney were studied by electron microscopy. In the proximal tubule cell of control, microvilli, lumen, and basement membrane were typical forms. In the proximal tubule cell of cadmium treatment group, microvilli were short, basement membrane was thick partially, and large lumen was observed in comparison to the control proximal tubule cell. In the proximal tubule cell of cadmium and red ginseng extrasct treatment group, microvilli, lumen, and basement membrane were similar to normal states of the control.

한국산 (韓國産) 붕어의 근단백질 (筋蛋白質) 전기영동상에 (電氣泳動像) 관한 연구

이경애,이춘구,전상린 ( Kyung Ae Lee,Choon Koo Lee,Sang Rin Jeon ) 한국하천호수학회 1989 생태와 환경 Vol.22 No.1

The present taxonomical review was conducted to investigate differeces among seven populations of Korean crucian carp (C. a. langsdorfi), and difference Korean crucian carp and one species of Japanese crucian carp (C. a. subsp.), by the electrophoretic patterns of muscle proteins. Their electropherograms were exmined and the percentage similarities were caculated according to the fomular of Whitney et al. (1968). The average similarity of Korean seven poprlations was 92%. This data suggest that Korean curcian carp is all conspecific since there was no significant difference among protein patterns of populations. Meanwhile, in the protein patterns of C. a. langsdoyfi and C. a. subsp., a few specific fractions were detected, thus their similarity was 66%. The present similarity was very similar to the average intraspecific similaries forund in other vertebrates, and was low enough to treat these fishes as two good species. Therefore, it is assumed that these fishes must be classified as two independent species rather than subspecies. In order to a firm conviction on the present results, further intensive review by verious analytic methods should be carried out in the future.

남녀대학생들의 한국전통음식에 대한 지식 및 평가에 관한연구 - 2. 평가 및 개선방향에 대한 의견을 중심으로 -

이경애,장영애,김우경 ( Kyoung Ae Lee,Young Ai Jang,Woo Kyung Kim ) 대한가정학회 1993 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.31 No.4

논문편 : 남녀대학생들의 한국전통음식에 대한 지식 및 평가에 관한 연구 - 1. 지식 및 섭취실태를 중심으로 -

이경애,장영애,김우경 ( Kyung Ae Lee,Young Ai Jang,Woo Kyung Kim ) 대한가정학회 1993 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.31 No.3

한국산 피라미 속어류의 단백질 전기영동상에 (電氣泳動象) 관한 연구

이경애,이춘구,전상린 ( Kyung Ae Lee,Choon Koo Lee,Sang Rin Jeon ) 한국하천호수학회 1988 생태와 환경 Vol.21 No.4

The purpose of this study was to clarify difference between two species of the genus Zacco, Z. platypus and Z. temmincki, and differences among geographical populations of the same species of the genus Zacco, by means of protein electrophoresis, The obtained present results were compare with one another, and their relative similarities were determined. The percentage similarity between Z. platypus and Z. temmincki was 67%. This result proved that these two species can be genetically distinguished since this similarity valus is low enough to treat as two independant species, Meanwhile, average percentage similarity among seven populations of Z. platypus was 0. 89%, and that of Z. temmincki was 0. 91%. This data revealed that interspecies variation of Z. platypus is higher than that of Z. temmincki, By the present results, it is elucidated that the muscle protein patterns between two species of genus Zacco are species-specific, then these two species can be distingushed each other, whereas there was not mearly genetic differences among geographical populations of the same species since their protein patterns were appeared very similary.

심계영역질환(心系領域疾患) 화열증(火熱證)에 사용된 부자(附子)의 활용(活用)에 대한 문헌적(文獻的) 연구(硏究)

이경애,권정남,이원철,Lee, Kyung-Ae,Kweon, Jung-Nam,Lee, Won-Chul 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1998 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.2

부자(附子)는 흔히 한증(寒證)이나 음증(陰證)을 치료하는 약물로서 화열증(火熱證)을 치료하는 경우는 흔하지 않다. 경악(景岳)은 부자(附子)가 능인화귀원(能引火歸源)하여 제복허열(制伏虛熱)하는 효능이 있다고 하였다. 심계(心系)영역 질환의 치료에 있어서 부대(附子)가 한증(寒證)이나 음증(陰證)의 경우외에 부자(附子)가 화열증(火熱證)을 치료하는데 이용된 예(例)가 있는지 역대(歷代)의 문헌에서 찾아보고 그 처방(處方)에서 부자(附子)의 역할과 그에 따라 배합(配合)되는 약물 및 활용특징을 살펴보는 것은 부자(附子)를 이용한 심계(心系)영역 질환의 치료범위와 이해를 넓히는데 도움이 될 것이다. 심계(心系)영역질환 화열증(火熱證)의 치료에 사용된 부자(附子)의 역할을 살펴보면 크게 네 부류로 나눌 수가 있으며 이들 유형에 따라 배합되는 약물의 종류도 다르다. 특히 많은 경우에서 자음약(滋陰藥)과 배합되므로 이체하지 않도록 하는 약물(藥物)의 배합(配合)에 대하여 많은 임상적 연구가 있어야 할 것으로 사료된다. We inquired into the prescription including Radix Aconiti(附子) on the records of the past. According to the role of Radix Aconiti(附子), we can divide into four group. (1) In the case of excess in the upper and deficiency in the lower(上盛下虛), heat in the upper and cold in the lower(上熱下寒), Radix Aconiti(附子) supplies the fire from the gate of life(命門火) and the fire of deficiency type(虛火) is recurred into the origine(根源) by it. (2) In the case that Yang(陽) is kept externally by Yin(陰)-excess in the interior(陰盛格陽), and there is heat syndrome in the exterior with cold syndrome in the interior(裏寒外熱), Radix Aconiti(附子) can remove cold(祛寒) and revitalizes(回陽). (3) In the case of the heat of excess type syndrome(實熱證), Radix Aconiti(附子) treats heat-syndrome(熱證) with heat-clearing(淸熱) drug. (4) In the case of wind-syndrome(風證) and phlegm-syndrome(痰證), Radix Aconiti(附子) supplies the kidney-Yang(元陽) and promotes movement of the other drugs. According to frequency in use of drugs, we can divide into four group. (1) In e case of the fire of deficiency type(虛火), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of invigorating-Yin(補陰), invigorating-Yang(補陽) and diuresis(利水), such as Rhizoma rehmanniae(熟地黃), Cortex cinnamomi(肉桂), Fructus comi(山茱萸), Poria, etc. (2) In the case that Yang is kept externally by Yin(陰)-excess in the interior(陰盛格陽), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of dispelling cold(祛寒) and revitalization(回陽), such as Rhizoma zingiberis siccatum(乾薑), Radix glycyrrhizae(甘草), Radix ginseng(人蔘), etc. (3) In the case of the heat of excess type syndrome(實熱證), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of heat-clearing(淸熱), such as Rhizoma coptidis(黃蓮). (4) In the case of wind-syndrome(風證) and phlegm-syndrome(痰證), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of dispersing(發散), invigorating(補氣), enriching the blood(補血), removing the phlegm(去痰), heat-clearing(淸熱). such as Radix oxterici koreani(羌活), Radix ledebouriellae(防風), Radix ginseng(人蔘), Radix angelicae gigantis(當歸), etc. Especially in many of cases, Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of nourishing-Yin(滋陰), but it is hardly used with drugs of treating middle-jiao energy(中氣).

청국장 및 녹차, 쑥이 첨가된 청국장의 항혈전 활성

이경애,장정옥,윤혜경,김무성,Lee, Kyung-Ae,Jang, Jeong-Oak,Yoon, Hye-Kyung,Kim, Moo-Sung 한국미생물학회 2007 미생물학회지 Vol.43 No.4

청국장 및 기능성분이 첨가된 청국장 추출물이 가지는 항혈전 관련 활성을 검정하였다. 흰 콩(Golycine max)과 검은 쥐눈이콩(Rhynchosia nulubilis) 청국장과 여기에 각각 녹차, 쑥이 첨가되어 제조된 청국장에 대해 in vitro에서 항산화 및 아질산염 소거 활성, 혈소판응집 억제 및 fibrin 분해활성을 측정하였고, 가장 우수한 시료에 대해 in vitro에서 혈전억제능을 시험하였다. 항산화 활성에 있어서 흰콩이나 검은콩 청국장 모두 녹차의 첨가량 증가에 따라 활성이 급격이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 쑥을 첨가한 경우에는 활성 증가율이 녹차에 비해 다소 적었다. 아질산염 소거 작용은 모든 시료에서 90% 이상 매우 높았으나 기능성분 첨가에 의한 영향은 크지 않았다. 혈소판응집 억제 활성을 조사한 결과, 녹차나 쑥을 첨가함에 따라 그 활성이 상당히 증가되었다. 특히 흰콩이나 검은콩 청국장 모두 $0.3{\sim}1.0%$의 낮은 농도에서도 녹차나 쑥의 첨가량 증가에 따라 활성 이 크게 증가하였다. 청국장 추출물의 fibrin 분해활성을 plasmin unit으로 환산한 결과, 흰콩보다는 검은콩 청국장의 혈전용해 활성이 약간 좋았으나, 기능성분 첨가에 따른 활성증가는 크지 않았으며 특히 쑥을 첨가한 경우는 저농도에서 활성이 상당히 감소하다가 농도상승에 따라 활성이 약간 회복되는 현상을 나타내었다. 시험군중 in vitro 혈전억제 작용이 가장 우수한 녹차 첨가검은콩 청국장에 대해 마우스를 이용한 in vitro 혈전유발 억제능을 조사하여, 녹차를 첨가하지 않은 것에 비해 1.5배 정도 억제능이 높음을 확인하였다. 청국장은 혈전용해뿐 아니라 혈소판응집 억제 및 항산화 기능 등에 의해서 혈전을 억제하는 것으로 나타났으며, 녹차나 쑥 등 기능 성분 첨가시 소량 첨가에도 매우 향상된 혈전억제 활성을 가진 청국장 제조가 가능함을 확인하였다. 구순 봉합수술 후에 구개부 (palatal segment) 의 면적은 계속 증가하였다. 치조골 면적과 거리 항목의 증가는 후방부에서 크게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 PNAM치료에 의한 치조골 정형효과는 주로 전방부에서 발생하며, 치조골의 성장은 구순 봉합수술 후에 후방부에서 주로 발생한다는 것을 의미한다.물실험을 통해 증명이 되었으나 인간을 대상으로 한 역학적 연구는 아직 기대만큼 명료한 결과들을 제시해주지 못하고 있다. 그러나 IARC나 EPA모두 인체발암물질로 분류하였고 다양한 건강영향에 대한 증거들이 있는 것은 분명한 만큼 다이옥신 노출을 최소화하려는 노력을 게을리 해서는 안 될 것이다.EX>-RA투여로 인해 위내에 발생한 무위산증(achlorhydria)이 위암 발생의 위험을 높일 것이라는 기존의 가설을 뒷받침하는 결론이라고 할 수 있었다. Mies van der Rohe의 제자들이나 그로부터 영향을 받은 수많은 건축가들은 이러한 저항과 비판에 직면하게 되며 새로운 사고의 시대적 요구 앞에 고뇌하게 된다. 한국에서는 1978년 Mies van der Rohe의 제자인 김종성이 미국에서 서울로 돌아와 '서울건축컨설탄트'를 설립하며 본격적으로 Miesianism의 규범적 건축론을 설파하기 시작하였다. 이른바 시카고 국제주의학파의 건축전수라고 할 수 있는데 '서울건축컨설탄트'를 통하여 배출된 김종성의 제자들은 명쾌하고도 간결한 건축해법의 경험을 토대름대로의 정체성을 갖고자 노력하였으나 결국 다원적 가치를 요구하는 시대적 흐름 속에 혼란을 겪고 있는 것 또한 사실이다. 본 연구는 Miesianism의 기원을 Antithrombotic activities of water extract of cheongkookjang and cheongkookjang fermented with green tea or mugwort were evaluated on some antithrombosis related activities in vitro and thrombotic death inhibition in vivo. Cheongkookjang made of white soybean (Glycine max) or black small soybean (Rhynchosia nulubilis) showed potent antioxidative activities. Addition of green tea or mugwort during cheongkookjang fermentation increased the antioxidative activity, cheongkookjang with green tea showed more drastic increase compared with cheongkookjang with mugwort. Nitrite scavenging effects of the cheongkookjang extracts were prominent but the addition of green tea or mugwort seldom increased the scavenging effects. All the cheongkookjang extracts showed strong inhibitory activities on platelet aggregation. The inhibitory activities of cheongkookjang were increased considerably by addition of green tea or mugwort even with low concentration. Plasmin unit as fibrinolytic activity was not affected considerably by addition of green tea. Addition of mugwort decreased the activity transiently at low concentration ($0.3{\sim}1.0%$) but increased again slowly at higher concentration ($1{\sim}3%$). In vitro thrombotic death inhibition test, the antithrombotic activity of cheongkookjang made of black small bean with green tea was higher by about 1.5 times compared to that without green tea. As results, cheongkookjang might inhibit antithrombosis not only by fibrinolytic action but also by inhibition of platelet aggregation and antioxidative action. The addition of functional materials such as green tea or mugwort could increase the antithrombotic function, even at low concentration.