한국어 읽기 능력 향상을 위한 문학작품 읽기 -중국인 학습자의 스키마 활용을 통한 문학작품 읽기

이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),임명옥 ( Myeong Ok Im ) 국제비교한국학회 2009 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.17 No.1

연극을 활용한 한국어교육 사례 연구

이강록 ( Lee Gang Rok ) 고려대학교 한국어문교육연구소 2014 한국어문교육 Vol.16 No.-

본 사례 연구는 공연을 위한 한국어 연극을 현장에서 지도한 사례와 그 효용성에서 착안하여 연극을 교실 교육으로 끌어들여 시도한 ‘연극을 통해 배우는 한국어’라는 교양 과목 수업 사례를 소개하였다. 교육연극 수업 사례 소개에서는 연극에 임하기 위한 기본 훈련으로서 발성 훈련, 발음 훈련, 반어적 표현 훈련 사례를 소개하였다. 또한 비언어적 표현과 연기 연습의 일환으로 감정 표현을 몇 가지로 단순화 하여 연습하는 것을 소개하였으며 대본에서 억양의 표시 방법도 소개하였다. 대규모 연극에 쓰이는 대본으로 독해와 구연에 이르는 학습 과정과 소규모 연극 대본으로 실제 시연에 이르는 과정을 소개했다. 교육을 위한 연극 수업은 연극을 학습을 위한 도구로 사용하는 것으로서 연극 본연의 장점들을 포기해야 하는 면도 있다. 이를 보완하여 시도한 것이 소규모 연극 시연을 통해 보다 체계적으로 연극을 경험하게 하는 것이었다. 그리고 교육연극의 실질적 교육효과와 공연을 위한 연극이라는 연극 본연의 효용 가치를 조합할 수 있었다. This case study introduced practices of the liberal arts called ``Korean learning through drama`` inspired by the effectiveness of Korean drama for performance which was instructed in the classroom. In the introduction of educational drama class, vocal training, pronunciation training, and ironical expression examples as basic training for the performance were introduced. As part of non-verbal expressions and acting exercises, practicing some of the simplified emotional expressions was introduced, and way to mark accent in the script was also introduced. The learning process leading to reading and narrating with the script used in large-scale drama and the process leading to the actual demonstration with small-scale drama script were also introduced. In case of utilizing drama as a tool for learning, drama classes for education have aspects to give up the inherent advantages of the drama. As an attempt for complementing this weakness, students were let to experience dramas more systematically through demonstration of small-scale drama. And through this, we could combine a substantial effect of educational drama and inherent utility value of drama for performance.

Multiplex PCR 기법을 이용한 Salmonella Enteritidis와 S. Typhimurium의 특이적 검출에 관한 연구

이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),이승미 ( Seung Mi Lee ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ),박호국 ( Ho Kuk Park ) 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

Salmonella species are the most important etiologic agents of food-borne acute gastroenteritis. The most common serotypes isolated from humans are Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) and S. Enteritidis. Traditional detection methods for Salmonella are based on cultures using selective media and characterization of suspicious colonies by biochemical and serological tests. These methods are generally time-consuming and not so highly sensitive. Recently, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used as a highly sensitive, specific, and rapid test for the presence of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, a multiplex PCR (m-PCR) was used to detect S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. We selected m-PCR target genes, which were the spv (virulence plasmid specific for S. Enteritidis) and sefA (S. Enteritidis fimbrial antigen) genes, fliC (H1-i antigen specific for S. Typhimurium) and a randomly cloned sequence specific for the genus Salmonella. With m-PCR, random sequence was detected from all strains of Salmonella spp, spv and sefA were detected from all strains of S. Enteritidis (100%), and fliC was detected from all strains of S. Typhimurium (100%). This assay indicate that the specificity of the m-PCR make them potentially valuable tools for detection of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis.

돼지유래 Salmonella Schwarzengrund의 약제내성 유전자에 관한 연구

이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),김상현 ( Sang Hyun Kim ),이승미 ( Seung Mi Lee ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),이기흔 ( Gi Heun Lee ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ) 한국동물위생학회 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.1

To detect the virulence genes (invA and spvC) and antimicrobial resistance genes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using total 67 strains of S. Schwarzengrund isolated from pigs. As results, invA was detected from all 67 strains of S. Schwarzengrund, however, spvC was not at all. All 12 strains with ampicillin resistance, 15 strains with chloramphenicol resistance, 9 strains with kanamycin resistance, 1 strain with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance, and 66 (98.5%) of 67 strains with tetracycline resistance carried TEM (β-lactamase blaTEM), cmlA (nonenzymatic chloramphenicol resistance), aphA1-Iab (aminoglycoside phosphotransferase), sulII (dihydropteroate synthase), and tetA (class A tetracycline resistance), respectively. All 63 strains with streptomycin resistance carried 3 aminoglycoside resistance genes, including aadA (aminoglycoside adenyltransferase), strA, and strB (streptomycin phosphotransferase). With respect to prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes occurred in S. Schwarzengrund, genes for strB (46.0%); strA and strB (30.2%); aadA, strA, and strB (9.5%); strA (7.9%); aadA and strB (3.2%); and aadA (3.2%) were detected by PCR.

유통되는 쇠고기에서 분리한 대장균의 항생제 내성 조사,연구

김홍태 ( Hong Tae Kim ),이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),정경태 ( Kyung Tae Jung ),이승미 ( Seung Mee Lee ),손은정 ( Eun Jung Son ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),김금향 ( Geum Hyang Kim ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ),이근우 ( Keun Woo Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

In this study, antimicrobial resistance of E coli isolated from domestic beef on sale in Busan and Gyeongnam province was investigated from March to October 2007. A total of 600 beef samples were collected for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance, and 92(15.3%) strains of E coli were isolated. Antimicrobial resistance test was carried out by agar disc diffusion method with 17 antimicrobials. In general, E coli isolates showed the highest antimicrobial resistance to doxycycline(73.9%), followed by tetracycline(70.7%) andcefazolin(63.0%). Then they showed higher resistance to several antimicrobials like norfloxacin(48.9%). However, They had low antimicrobial resistance to amikacin(4.3%), colistin(1.1%). Of 92 isolates, 82(89.1%) were resistant to more than 2 antimicrobials. Among 17 antimicrobials examined, tetracyclines were the most resistant, followed by cephalosporins, quinolone. The resistance was seemed to be correlated to amounts of antimicrobial use. In the result of this study, we suggest that there be need to regulate the abuse of antimicrobial on food-producing animals in Korea because the concern on antimicrobial resistant is gradually increased worldwide.

소와 돼지유래 살모넬라속균의 약제내성유전자의 특성에 관한 연구

이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),정병열 ( Byeong Yeal Jung ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

At the present study, it was aimed to detect virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance genes among 102 strains of 12 Salmonella serotypes isolated from pigs and cattle. In polymerase chain reaction (PCR), invA was detected from all strains of Salmonella spp., spvC was detected from Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) (100%), S. Bradenburg (75%), and S. Typhimurium (20.4%). Drug resistance related genes of 12 types were detected from all strains. TEM (blaTEM) gene was detected from 51 (92.7%) of 55 β-lactams (54 ampicillin or 1 amoxicillin) resistance strains. 55 (100%) of 55 chloramphenicol resistance strains, 3 (100%) of 3 gentamicin resistance strains and 5 (100%) of 5 kanamycin resistance strains did contain cml, aadB, and aphA1-Iab, respectively. strB (89.9%), strA (88.4%), aadA2 (84.1%) and aadA1 (72.5%) were detected from 69 streptomycin resistance strains. sulII and dhfrXII were detected from 49 (100%) of 49 sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance strains, but sulI was not detected. tetA (97.9%) and tetB (21.6%) were detected from 97 tetracycline resistance strains. int gene was detected from 58 (56.9%) of 102 strains. 54 S. Typhimurium of 102 Salmonella spp. were attempted to detect drug resistance genes. TEM was detected from 44 (95.7%) of 46 β-lactams (45 ampicillin or 1 amoxicillin) resistance strains. cmlA was detected from 51 (100%) of 51 chloramphenicol resistance strains. aadA2 (100%), strA (100%), strB (100%), and aadA1 (79.6%) were detected from 54 streptomycin resistance strains. sul II (100%) and dhfrXII (100%) were detected from 49 sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance strains. tetA was detected from 54 (100%) of 54 tetracycline resistance strains. int gene was detected from 54 (100%) of 54 strains. The major drug resistance pattern and resistance gene profile were ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline (ACSSuT) and TEM, cmlA, aadA1, aadA2, strA, strB, sulII, dhfrXII, tetA and int, respectively.

소와 돼지유래 다제내성 Salmonella속 균의 분자유전학적 특성

이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),정병열 ( Byeong Yeal Jung ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

At the present study, it was aimed to explore the molecular genetic characterization of multiple antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. isolates from pigs and cattle. A total of 138 Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates were typed with phage, among them, 83.3% of S. Typhimurium tested could divide into a 10 phage types. definitive type 103 (DT193) (25.4%) and DT195 (24.6%) were exhibited as the dominant types. DT104 and U302 were found from pigs and cattle. On the other hand, S. Enteritidis had 6 phage types, of them, phage type 21 (PT21) and PT11b were the popular types. In the plasmid profiles, 135 of S. Typhimurium isolates were exhibited 1 to 6 plasmid bands which molecular weight ranged from 90 to 2kb. 35 isolates (25.4%) harbored a 90kb plasmid which is thought to be the serotype specific virulence plasmid. Two of twenty five S. Enteritidis had common plasmids at 2 and 1.5kb. With multiplex polymerase chain reaction, virulence genes (invA and spvC) were detected from all Salmonella spp. from 167 of S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis and chloramphenicol resistant S. chwarzengrund, but some drug resistant genes, such as PSE-1, cml/tetR and flo were not determined but other drug resistant genes, for example TEM and int were found. The detection rates of spvC, TEM and int gene was 35.3%, 29.3% and 72.5%, respectively. The TEM gene was highly popular in S. Typhimurium, which was detected from ampicillin and amoxicillin resistant strains as 95.9%. int gene was able to detect from all the isolates identified as multidrug resistsnt (MDR), particularly DT193 was thought as the most prevalent virulence and multidrug resistance isolate. The major plasmid profile and drug resistance pattern of DT193 were 90, 40, 10.5, 6.3, 3.0kb and ACCbDNaPSSuT, respectively. MDR was commonly found in other phage types, particularly DT104, U302 and DT203.

소와 돼지유래 Salmonella속 균의 혈청형 및 약제감수성

이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),정병열 ( Byeong Yeal Jung ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

At the present study, it was aimed to explore the states of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. isolates from 3,850 pigs (2,732 ileocecocolic lymphnodes and 1,118 cecal contents) and 1,764 cattle (965 cecal lymphnodes and 799 cecal contents) slaughtered in Busan province from December 2000 to November 2001. Among 5,614 samples, 457 of Salmonella spp. were isolated from pig lymphnodes (13.5%), pig cecal contents (4.4%), cattle lymphnodes (3.5%) and cattle cecal contents (0.5%). Salmonella spp. were showed different isolation ratio, that was 10.8% in summer, 9.0% in autumn, 8.4% in spring and 5.0% in winter. As a result of serotyping, B group (65.4%) were identified as the most common in pigs and cattle, in order of C1 (14.0%), D1 (5.5%), C2 (4.2%), E1 (4.2%) and L (3.5%). 34 serotypes were found, among them, Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) (21.0%) was the most common serotype from pigs and cattle. The major serotypes were in order of S derby (15.3%), S. Schwarzengrund (14.7%), S. Typhimurium var Copenhagen (9.2%), S. Mbandaka (5.7%), S. Enteritidis (5.5%) and S. Ruiru (3.5%). The most common serotype was S. Typhimurium in pigs, and S. Ruiru in cattle. S. Ruiru was firstly isolated from pigs and cattle in Korea. In antimicrobial susceptibility test, all the isolates were demonstrated susceptibility to norfloxacin and ofloxacin. But the isolates were showed resistance other antibiotics in order of doxycycline (68.3%), tetracycline (67.8%), penicillin (54.5%) and streptomycin (52.5%). S. Typhimurium were exhibited resistance to ampicillin (34.8%), chloramphenicol (36.2%), streptomycin (94.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (34.8%) and tetracycline (97.8%). There were 53 strains (38.4%) which had multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates, resistant to more than 6 antimicrobial agents. The most common resistance patterns of MDR isolates were ampicillin, chloramphenicol, carbenicillin, doxycycline, nalidixic acid, penicillin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline (ACCbDNaPSSuT).

호흡기증세 자돈으로부터 파스튜렐라 속균분리 및 약제감수성시험

이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),우병길 ( Byung Gil Woo ),김홍태 ( Hong Tae Kim ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2004 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

This study were carried out to investigate isolation of Pasteurella multocida from respiratory disorder piglets, to examine the biochemical properties and antimicrobial susceptibility. The results were summarized as follows; P multocida was isolated from 31(10.3%) of the 302 respiratory disorder or growing piglets of 4~10 week olds. The majority of biochemical and cultural properties of the P multocida isolates were identical to those of the standard strains. The isolates were highly susceptible to norfloxacin(100.0%), enrofloxacin(96.8%) and ampicillin(87.1%), but resistant to streptomycin (77.4%), penicillin(61.2%) and neomycin(54.8%).

근대적 관점에서의 한국 대중문학

정문권 ( Moun Kwon Jung ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ) 우리어문학회 2008 우리어문연구 Vol.32 No.-