유전자 알고리즘에서의 엔트로피 - 볼쯔만 선택 방법

이강구(Kang Ku Lee),한승기(Seung Kee Han) 한국정보과학회 1994 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.2A

본 연구에서는 유전자 알고리즘에서 나타나는 조기 수렴(premature convergence)현상을 해결하기 위하여 유전자 알고리즘에 엔트로피-볼쯔만 선택 방법을 도입하였다. 엔트로피-볼쯔만 선택 방법은 Monte Carlo 방법의 볼쯔만 샘플링과 엔트로피 샘플링을 결합한 것이다. 엔트로피 샘플링에서 엔트로피의 효과는 개체의 분포가 적은 쪽으로 다음 세대가 진화하게 하는 것이다. 따라서 유전자 알고리즘의 엔트로피 샘플링은 국소 최소점으로부터 쉽게 빠져 나오게 하는 역할을 한다. 반면에 볼쯔만 샘플링에서 온도의 역소로 정의 되는 β는 국소 최소점으로의 수렴 속도(convergence rate)와 탈출 시간(escape time)을 조절할 수 있게 한다. TSP의 30 도시 문제에 이 방법을 적용한 결과에서 우리는 β가 증가할수록 수렴 속도는 감소하지만 국소 최소점으로부터 빠져 나오는데 걸리는 시간이 짧아짐을 알 수 있었다.

코어 안정화 운동과 서킷 웨이트 트레이닝이 신체구성, 유연성, 근력, 근지구력 및 수중 돌핀킥 기록에 미치는 영향

이강구(Kang Koo Lee),김형돈(Hyung Don Kim),백수희(Soo Hee Back) 한국사회체육학회 2009 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.37

The objective of the research was to analyze the change of the record of the dolphin kick as well as the body composition and healthy fitness and to compare the effect of the different type of exercise programs; circuit weight training and core stability exercise. We divided into two groups of eleven people; one group was trained with complex programs of core stability exercise(CSE, n=11), the other was with circuit weight training(CWT, n=11) programs three times a week for 12 weeks for 100 minutes each session. Experimental data were analysed by SPSS 12.0 using two-way ANOVA with repeated measure. WHR and %FAT of body composition significantly decreased in two groups of exercising program(p<0.05). Weight significantly decreased only in core stability exercise group(p<0.05). The flexibility significantly increased only in core stability exercise group(p<0.05). The lumbar strength and lumbar strength ratio significantly increased only in circuit weight training group(p<0.05), but lumbar endurance strength significantly increased in two groups together(p<0.05). The record of the underwater dolphin kick significantly improved in two groups(p<0.05). According to the results both groups showed the positive effects in every measurement parameters. Therefore, it could be concluded that both of the exercise programs are suggested as the effective complex programs to every swimmer including amateur who has a goal to shorten their record of the underwater dolphin kick.

12주간 태권도 운동이 비만 여성의 혈중지질, 골무기질, 신체구성과 건강체력에 미치는 영향

이강구(Kang Koo Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2010 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.40

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Taekwondo training for 12 weeks on blood lipid, bone mineral status, body composition and physical fitness in obese women. The subjects consists of 39 women in exposure(20) and control(19) group. After an overnight fast of at least 12 hours blood samples of 10ml were drawn from antecubital vein. Serum was then separated for determination of total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides(TG), glucose. Body composition was measured by Inbody 4.0. Total abdominal fat area and Visceral fat area was measured by SYTEC-3000I. Physical fitness of hand grip, sit up, sit & reach were measured using Nuritec THP2 system and GXT was measured by Q4500. Isokinetic knee flexion and extension were measured using a Biodex System 3 dynamometer. Experimental data were analysed through SPSS windows 12.0 PC+, and analysed by using two-way repeated measure ANOVA. The experimental results from this study are as follows. Significant decrease were TG and FBS(p<.05) in exposure but significant increase were TC in exposure and control. No significant were BMD and BMC in exposure and control. Significant decrease were weight(p<.05), fat mass(p<.05), fat free mass(p<.05), % fat(p<.05), WHR(p<.05), visceral fat area(p<.05) in exposure. Significant Increase were VO2max(p<.05), sit & reach(p<.05), sit up(p<.05) and hand grip strength in exposure. In conclusion, we can consider for this study that Taekwondo training had positive effect on blood lipid, body composition, physical fitness.

TSP에서 Union 연산자를 이용한 유전자 알고리즘

이강구(Kang ku Lee),한승기(Seung Kee Han) 한국정보과학회 1994 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구에서는 TSP에 유전자 알고리즘을 적용하여 최단 경로를 찾아내는 방법에 대해서 조사하였다. 유전자 알고리즘을 TSP에 적용하기 위해서는 N개의 도시 순서에 적절한 돌연변이, 교차 및 전위 연산자를 도입하여야 한다. 최근에 많은 관심을 끌고 있는 Precedence 행렬을 이용한 교차 연산인 UNION 연산자는 기존의 연산자보다 훨씬 쉽게 최적의 경로로 접근함을 보였다. 그러나 이 방법은 Precedence 행렬 계산 때문에 메모리가 많이 필요하고 매 단계마다 걸리는 계산시간이 길어지는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 UNION 연산자를 기존의 방법처럼 N개의 도시에 대한 연산을 바꾸어 주었다. 그 결과 매 단계마다 걸리는 시간도 줄어들고, 경로도 최적의 경로로 쉽게 접근함을 보였다.

태권도 수련이 중년여성의 BIA와 CT에 의한 신체구성 및 전기생리적 스트레스와 스트레스 호르몬에 미치는 영향

이강구(Lee, Kang-Koo) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.6

The purpose of study was to investigate the effect of Taekwondo training on body composition(BIA & CT), stress(Electrophysiology & Hormone) in middle-aged women. The subjects of this experiment were 24 woman volunteers who were 30 to 40 years old. They were divided into two groups : Taekwondo exercise group(n= 12) and non exercise group(n=12). Body composition was measured by Inbody 4.0 and Somatom. Stress was measured by ABR-2000 and Hormone. Experimental data were analysed through SPSS windows 12.0, and analysed by using paired-samples t-test, The results obtained from paired t-test are as following. 1. For Taekwondo exercise group, there were significance for the change of weight, fat mass, %fat, abdominal fat area. 2. For Taekwondo exercise group, there were significance for the change of Regulation, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine in stress test. In conclusion, I can consider for this study that Taekwondo training had positive effect on body composition, stress response.

태권도운동이 폐경 후 여성의 신체구성, 혈중지질과 골밀도에 미치는 영향

이강구(Lee, Kang-Koo) 한국사회체육학회 2015 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.61

To evaluate the effects of Taekwondo on body composition, blood lipid and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. We conducted a 12-week randomized controlled Taekwondo intervention versus control in 20 sedentary, postmenopausal women, aged 50 year. The Taekwondo prescription consisted of 60 min of moderate-intensity program(RPE 9-15), 3day/week for 12 weeks. We assessed body composition, blood lipid, bone mineral density and 12 week changes in exercisers versus controls. Experimental data were analysed through SPSS windows 18.0 PC+, and analysed by using two-way repeated measure ANOVA. The experimental results from this study are as follows. Significant increase were LBM(Lean body mass) in Taekwondo group(p=.001), decrease were %BF in Taekwondo(p=.001) and control group(p=.001). Significant increase were WHR in control group(p=.001). Significant decrease were TC(p=.006), LDL-C(p=.007) in Taekwondo group. not Significant lumber 1-4 BMD and femur neck BMD but Taekwondo training positively affect postmenopausal women’s BMD. Overall, the results from this randomized controlled study suggest that a period moderate-intensity Taekwondo program intervention affect body composition, blood lipid and bone mineral density postmenopausal women. BMD was higher in women with high FFM.

폐경 전후 중년 여성의 운동습관에 따른 신체구성, 심혈관위험인자 및 골밀도의 비교연구

이강구(Lee, Kang-Koo) 세계태권도문화학회 2021 세계태권도문화학회지 Vol.12 No.2

This study was to investigate the period effects of physical fitness on the relationship between BMD(Bone Mineral Density). The subjects consisted of premenopausal group(n=229) and Postmenopausal group(n=159), classification On the level exercise habits: no exercise(Inactivity IA), 2-4 times a month or more exercise group(LA Lower Activity), 2-4 times a week or more exercise group(MA Moderate Activity), exercise group daily(DA: Daily Activity). Experimental data were processed through SPSS 18.0 and analysed using independent t-test, and one-way repeated measures ANOVA tests were conducted and LSD(The Least Significant Difference method) was used for Post hoc test. Compared to premenopausal and Postmenopausal body composition, cardiovascular risk factors and bone mineral density: BFM,% BF, WHR, TC, TG and LDL-C, Glucose significantly lower. LBM, BMD, and Femur BMD was higher in premenopausal women. Exercise frequency of premenopausal and Postmenopausal women: TC, Femur BMD was lower in the LA group and highest in IA group of premenopausal women. Body composition in %BF was lower in the DA group is highest in IA group and SBP,DBP was lower in the LA, HDL-C and highest in DA group of Postmenopausal women. In conclusions, the effect of long-term physical activite influenced positive on body composition, cardiovascular disease, bone density in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Middle-aged Women.

키네시오테이핑 적용이 태권도 선수의 운동수행능력과 혈중젖산 피로도에 미치는 영향

이강구(Kang-koo Lee) 한국무예학회 2011 무예연구 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구는 태권도 선수들을 대상으로 키네시오 테이핑을 적용하였을 경우 운동수행능력과 혈중젖산 피로도에 미치는 영향을 알아봄으로써 태권도 선수들의 경기력향상에 도움이 되고자 실험을 실시하였다. 본 연구는 대학 태권도 선수 12명을 대상으로 운동수행능력(심폐지구력, 근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 민첩성, 순발력)과 혈중젖산 피로도(운동전, 운동직후, 회복10분)를 키네시오 테이핑 적용 전과 적용 후를 비교하여 실험 하였다. 키네시오 테이핑 적용 전과 적용 후는 통계분석은 SPSS 12.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 Paired- Samples T-Test 방법으로 처리하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 운동수행능력 검사에서 키네시오 테이핑을 착용한 집단에서 심폐지구력, 근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 민첩성, 순발력에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 혈중젖산 피로도 검사에서 키네시오 테이핑을 착용한 집단이 비착용한 집단보다 운동직후에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 따라서 키네시오 테이핑 적용이 태권도선수들의 운동수행능력 향상과 혈중젖산 피로도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳐 경기력 향상에 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다. This study aims to investigate the effect of the Kinesio Taping on Taekwondo athlete for movement performance ability and blood lactate. For the study, 12 male university students were divided into two groups: a group administered the Kinesio Taping before exercise, another group administered the Kinesio Taping exercise. The results obtained from paired t-test are as following. 1. For the Kinesio Taping Taekwondo exercise group, there were significance for the change of cardiopulmonary, muscle strength, muscle strength endurance, flexibility, agility, power. 2. For the Kinesio Taping Taekwondo exercise group, there were significance for the change of blood lactate.In conclusion, I can consider for this study that the Kinesio Taping Taekwondo exercise had positive effect on Movement Performance Ability and Blood Lactate.

여성의 근력수준과 골무기질과의 상관관계

이강구(Lee, Kang-Koo) 한국체육과학회 2013 한국체육과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

The bone mineral density(BMD) is influenced mainly genetic factors, gender, age, drug, smoking, drinking, nutritional status, body composition and physical activity. The muscle strength is also regarded as predictive factor to the BMD and bone fracture. The purpose of this research was to investigate the correlation between bone mineral status and muscle strength. The subjects consists of 3519 adults female, age 20-69. Isokinetic knee flexion and extension peak torque were measured using a Biodexsystem3 dynamometer, and grip strength was measured using hand grip strength dynamometer. BMD measurements were done by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA) using a QDR-4500 densitometer at the lumber spine(L1-L4). Experimental data were analysed through SPSS windows 11.0 PC+,and analysed by. using multiple correlation, multiple regression and analysis of variance(ANOVA). The experimental results from this study are the following. BMD was positively correlated with right hand grip strength(r=0.251, p=0.001), left hand grip strength(r=0.259, p=0.001), right knee extension peak torque(r=0.338, p=0.001), left knee extension peak torque(r=0.328, p=0.001), right knee flexion peak torque(r=0.270, p=0.001) and left knee flexion peak torque(r=0.265, p=0.001).

TSP를 위한 유전자 알고리즘

이강구(Kang-Ku Lee),한승기(Seung-Kee Han),이성환(Seong-Whan Lee) 한국정보과학회 1995 정보과학회논문지 Vol.22 No.4

본 연구에서는 N 개의 도시를 방문하는 TSP 문제의 최단 경로를 찾기 위하여 유전자 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 유전자 알고리즘에서는 새로운 경로를 만들어 내기 위하여 교차 연산자, 돌연변이 연산자 및 전위 연산자가 자주 도입된다. 최근 전치(前値) 행렬을 이용한 교차 연산자인 Union 연산자가 기존의 연산자보다 훨씬 효과적으로 최단의 경로를 찾는 것으로 알려졌다. 그러나 전치 행렬을 사용한 방법에서의 Union 연산자는 N×N 행렬을 사용하기 때문에 계산 시간이 많이 걸리게 된다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 Union 연산자를 N 개의 도시에 대한 연산으로 바꾸어 주었다. 그 결과 계산 시간이 현저하게 줄어 들었으며, 그 결과를 30 도시 문제에 적용한 결과 연산자의 성능이 partially matched crossover 연산자와 edge-recombination crossover 연산자보다 더 나은 결과를 주었다. In this paper, we apply the genetic algorithm to find out the optimal path in the N-city traveling salesman problem. Crossover, mutation and inversion operators are usually introduced to generate a new path from an old one in the genetic algorithm. Recently, the Union operator in the precedence matrix representation was found to be efficient in generating optimal path. In the precedence matrix representations, the Union operators require N×N matrix manipulations, which demand much computing time To solve this problem, we introduce a new Union operator in the standard representation of N cities. As results, the computing times are considerably reduced and the optimal path for 30-cities problem are easily obtained comparing with the results using the partially matched crossover and edge-recombination crossover operator.