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농촌지역 수질개선을 위한 인공습지실험시설의 3 년간 실험결과 검토
윤춘경(C . G . Yoon),권순국(S . K . Kwun),우선호(S . H . Woo),권태영(T . Y . Kwon) 한국물환경학회 1999 한국물환경학회지 Vol.15 No.4
Sewage treatment study was performed for three years by constructed wetland experimental system at Konkuk University. The system was a subsurface flow type, and consisted of 60㎝ depth of sand and reeds. It worked continuously including winter time, and the sewage flowed without freezing even when average daily air temperature was below -10℃. Average removal rates of BOD, COD, and SS were in the range of 60∼71%, T-P removal rate was about 50%, and T-N removal rate was 24.3%. The reason for poor T-N removal might be due to high influent concentration and shorter retention times. The effluent of the wetland system often exceeded effluent water quality standards for sewage treatment plant, therefore, further treatment could be required if the effluent needs be discharged to the public water. Wetland system involves relatively large land area and could be suitable for rural area rather than urban area. Therefore, utilization of sewage for agricultural purpose or subsequent land treatment is recommended as a ultimate disposal depending on site specific environmental conditions.
생활오수 처리를 위한 인공습지의 처리수 수질 추정식에 관한 연구
윤춘경(C . G . Yoon),권순국(S . K . Kwun),전지홍(J . H . Jeon) 한국물환경학회 2000 한국물환경학회지 Vol.16 No.4
Effluent concentration estimation equations for treatment wetland were reviewed with 3 -year experimental data. Four equations from USEPA, WPCF, Kadlec and Knight, and this study were applied to the over 100 data points of 1996 to 1999 study at the pilot plant in Konkuk University. The system was a subsurface flow type and consisted of 60㎝ depth of sand and reeds, and it worked continuously including winter with domestic sewage from school building. Generally, all the equations demonstrated reasonable agreement with experimental data and they could be used for design process if selected carefully. Among them, the equation from this study showed the best fit for the data. The reason might be not only the equation was derived from the experimental data, but also it included plant coverage parameter in the equation while others did not. Plant coverage was proved to be an important parameter in the prediction of the treatment wetland system, and its inclusion in the estimation equation could improve the accuracy. Although existing equations could be used in the wetland design, pilot plant experiment for the anticipated condition and subsequent equation development can provide more reliable equation. It takes time to obtain meaningful data from wetland system. Therefore, timely onset of well organized study is recommended before, large scale application of treatment wetland system to either point or nonpoint source pollution abatement.
저강우연도 지하수 관개 필지논에서 수도재배기간 동안의 물질수지
황하선 ( H. S. Hwang ),윤춘경 ( C. G. Yoon ),전지홍 ( J. H. Jeon ),김병희 ( B. H. Kim ) 한국농공학회 2002 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.44 No.4
Field experiment was performed to investigate water and nutrient mass balances in paddy field with groundwater irrigation from May to October, 2001. The total water inflow was about 1,183mm in which rainfall, overflow from upstream paddy, and groundwater irrigation accounted for 43, 30, and 27%, respectively. Notice that the precipitation of the study period was less than the average annual precipitation. The total drainage was almost balanced with the inflow and more than half of it was occurred by surface drainage. From the nutrient mass balance analysis, the T-P output (17.56kg/ha) was estimated slightly lower than the input (20.90kg/ha) and the T-N output (130.41kg/ha) was slightly greater than the input (129.24kg/ha). However, the difference was within the expectation and the nutrient mass was thought to be balanced considering uncertainties in field experiment and other activities not included in the study such as algae and soil microorganisms. The surface discharge of nutrient, which was about 10% of total nutrient output, was mainly affected by fertilization and rainfall runoff. Therefore, prudent surface drainage plan might be necessary particularly for the fertilization period to prevent degradation of receiving water quality. The study was performed under abnormally low rainfall compared to the average annual rainfall record, and further monitoring in diverse rainfalls and irrigation methods is recommended to estimate nutrient behavior in the paddy field more reasonably.
새만금 유역에 있어 BASINS 적용가능성 검토 (만경유역 유출량을 중심으로)
전지홍 ( J. H. Jeon ),윤춘경 ( C. G. Yoon ) 한국농공학회 2001 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2001 No.-
After the legal foundation for the Total Load Control System (TLCS) process is embedded in integrated water management counterplan for 4 major river basins (1998), Kyunggido Kwangju City prepared the implementation plan of TLCS at first time. There is little difference between TLCS and TMDL(Total Daily Maxium Loading; U.S.A). TMDL is applied only when mandatory effluent limitations are not stringent enough to attain any water quality standard. But object of TLCS not only attain water quality standard at distributed watershed but also consider development of area at non-distributed watershed. For applying of systematic and consistent TLCS, we need to establish a system integrated watershed and point source, non -point source and assessed massive database easily. Now we are study on applicable possibility of BASINS on Korea, we think that BASINS's tool and many models are more easily apply to TLCS, so we recommend TLCS will be applied using BASINS.
전지홍 ( J. H. Jeon ),윤춘경 ( C. G. Yoon ),함종화 ( J. H. Ham ),김호일 ( H. I. Kim ),황순진 ( S. J. Hwang ) 한국농공학회 2002 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.44 No.3
Monitoring data from agricultural reservoirs throughout the country were analyzed to evaluate the limiting factor fur algal growth and relationships between Chl-a, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN). Total 394 reservoirs ranging from below 500 ㎥ to over 50 million ㎥ in storage volume were monitored from 1990 to 2000 with respect to TP, W, Chl-a, and their annual mean values were used fur the analysis. Based on N/P ratio, the dominant limiting factor for algal growth was turned out to be phosphorus in agricultural reservoirs (about 83%). Therefore, the proper managements of phosphorus in the agricultural watershed appear to be crucial to prevent excessive on algal growth. The effects of phosphorus and nitrogen ware most eminent during the summer period. And the effect of nutrients on the algal biomass (Chl-a) development appeared to be greater in smaller the reservoirs than in larger ones. Generally, Chl-a and TP demonstrated a close relationship while that of Chl-a and TN showed less correlationship. Chl-a and chemical oxygen demand (COD) also showed a good relationship. Beth ratios of Chl-a / TP and Chl-a / COD relationships were within the range of literature values. Quantitative analysis of TP and COD is relatively convenient compared to that of Chl-a, and the relationship between TP and COD and Chl-a from this study could be used beneficially for water quality management of agricultural reservoirs and related water quality modeling.
강문성 ( M. S. Kang ),배승종 ( S. J. Bae ),정광욱 ( K. W. Jung ),윤춘경 ( C. G. Yoon ),최중대 ( J. D. Choi ) 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2009 No.-
유달율은 임의 유역의 배출부하량이 해당유역의 말단에 도달하는 비를 말하며, 해당 유역의 오염물질 유출특성 지표로서 수질오염총량관리제와 같은 유역관리계획에서 목표수질 설정 및 할당부하량을 결정하는데 중요한 요소로 작용한다. 따라서 오염총량관리계획의 수립 및 시행을 위해서는 원단위, 배출 및 유달부하량의 과학적인 산정이 필요하다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 논과 산림에서의 유출에 따른 오염물질 배출 및 유달 특성을 조사함으로서 수질오염총량기법의 고도화를 위한 논과 산림에서의 유황별 유달부하량 산정방법을 정립하고 제시하는 데 있다. 본 연구에서는 경기도 광주시 도척면 방도리에 위치하고 있는 한강수계의 유정천 최상류 지점의 논과 산림으로 우점된 소유역을 시험유역으로 선정하였으며, 토지이용 및 유역특성에 따른 부하량을 모니터링하기 위한 수문/수질 계측망을 구성하였다. 논과 산림 소유역의 측점별 수위-유량 관계를 수립하였으며, 결정계수 (R<sup>2</sup>)는 각각 0.93과 0.82의 값을 나타내었다. 논과 산림 측점에서 총 19회의 폭우사상을 모니터링 하였으며, 선행건기일수는 0-17일 사이의 값을 보였으며, 강수량은 10-100mm의 범위를 보였다. 논과 산림의 유출율의 범위는 각각 0.11-0.84와 0.38-0.72의 범위를 보임으로서, 산림지 유역의 유출률이 산림과 논을 포함하는 하류의 소유역보다 큰 값을 나타냈다. 논 측점과 산림 측점 소유역에서의 수질항목별 유량-부하량 관계를 수립하였으며, 수질항목별 결정 계수는 논과 산림측점에서 각각 0.69-0.99와 0.92-0.99의 범위를 보였다. 강우사상 계급에 따른 논과 산림 측점에서의 유황별 수질항목별 농도변화는 유사한 경향을 보였다. 수위 변화에 따른 pH와 EC 농도 변화는 두 측점에서 모두 반비례 관계를 나타내었다. 부유물질과 COD 농도는 초기 수위 상승시 높은 농도를 보임으로서, 수위변화에 대하여 뚜렷한 경향을 보였다. 수위변화에 따른 BOD 농도 변화는 초기 강우시 높은 값을 보였고, 강우가 지속되면서 뚜렷한 경향을 보이지는 않았다. 영양물질인 총질소와 총인의 농도 변화는 강우 초기에 높은 값을 보였다. 본 연구의 경우에는 유역면적이 비교적 작으면서 도시화가 이루어지지 않은 산림지와 논 우점지역인 단순 토지이용을 대상으로 하고 있다. 따라서, 일반적으로 알려진 유출 특성과 수질농도 변화와는 다소 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 보다 과학적이고 합리적인 결과를 도출하기 위해서는 지속적이고 과학적인 모니터링을 통해 양질의 자료를 수집하고 분석하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.