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윤양호(Yang Ho YOON) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 2003 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.12 No.-
The summary on the characteristics of marine environment and phytoplankton community in the Southwest Sea of Korea was fellows; 1) Seasonal fluctuation of marine environments was very various by several water mass such as, Tsushima warm current, Korean coastal waters, Coastal waters of Chinese continent and Bottom cold waters of Yellow Sea. 2) Water quality was very good conditions, but organic matter in surface sediments was very high concentration in seaweed ground and inner bays of the Southwest Sea of Korea. Especially Gwangyang Bay had very high concentration of phosphate. 3) Nutrients of the Southwest Sea of Korea was more high from supply of sea water outside based water mass by coastal waters than from river and streams located inner bay. 4) Phytoplankton community in the Southwest Sea of Korea had very various species compositions, and it was occupied with diatoms through a year. But it was also occupied with phytoflagellates such as dinoflagellates in the high temperature seasons. And it was occupied with nanoplankon in the high temperature seasons. 5) Diatoms showed the patterns of long term variation like a month or a season, but phytoflagellates showed of short term like a few days or a week. 6) Phytoplankton standing crops was appeared with a most high cell density in the winter. It was caused by shallow depth and high tital mixing.
시아해의 수질환경과 식물플랑크톤 생물량의 시 공간적 분포특성과 기초생물량변동에 영향을 미치는 환경특성
윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon) 한국환경생물학회 2000 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.18 No.1
Field survey on the spatio-temporal distribution of water quality and chlorophyll α concentration, and the environmental factors on the variation of phytoplankton biomass were carried out at the 23 stations for four seasons in the Shiahae, southwestern coast of Korean Peninsula from February to October in 1995. I made an analysis on biological factor as chlorophyll α concentration as well as environmental factors such as water temperature, salinity and nutrients; ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphate, N/P ratio, silicate and Si/P ratio. The waters in the Shiahae were not stratified due to the tidal mixing and high velocity of tidal current. And the high productivity in photic layer were supported by high nutrients concentration from freshwater on lands and bottom waters. The low depth of transparency in the Shiahae had a bad influence upon primary production and marine biology. In Shiahae had a sufficient nutrients for primary production during a year. Especially dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicate were high, the other side, phosphate was low. The source of nutrients in summer and silicate supply depend on input of freshwater from lands, the other side, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate were depend on rather supplied from bottom layer by the mixing and input of seawater from outside than input of freshwater from lands. Phosphate seemed to become a limiting nutrient for the primary production at all area of Shiahae in winter and at the northern parts in other seasons. However, dissolved inorganic nitrogen seemed to do it at the southern parts in other seasons except winter. Silicate didn`t become a limiting nutrient for diatoms in Shiahae. Phytoplankton biomass as measured by chlorophyll a concentration was very high all the year round, it was controlled by the combination of the several environmental factors, especially of nitrogen, phosphorus and the physical factors such as light intensity.[Spatio-temporal distribution, Seasonal fluctuation, Nnutrients, Chlorophyll α, Environmental factors, Nutrient source, Limiting Nutrient, Light, Shiahae].
윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon) 한국환경생물학회 1999 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.17 No.4
The observations on the spatio-temporal distribution and seasonal fluctuations of phytoplankton community were carried out in Deukryang Bay of the Korean Southwestern Sea from June 1992 to April 1993. A total of 75 species of phytoplankton belonged to 47 genera was identified. In Deukryang Bay seasonal succession in dominant species; P. alata, G. flaccida, S. costatum, L. danicus and N. longissima in summer, St. palmeriana, Ch. curvisetus and B. paxillifera in autunm, S. costatum, Ch. curvisetus, E. zodiacus and Pn. pungens in winter, and As. glacialis, As. kariana, N. pelagica, Th. nitzschioides and S. costatum in spring, were very marked, that is to say, the communities structure of phytoplankton in Deukryang Bay appeared to be various species composition and it was occupied with diatoms all the year round. Phytoplankton standing crops fluctuated with an annual mean of 1.4×10 exp (5)cells/l between the lowest value of 2.6×10 exp (3)cells/l in July and the highest value of 1.0×10 exp (6)cells/l by S. costatum in January. Densities of the phytoplankton cell number by the samples of Deukryang Bay ranged from 2.6×10 exp (3)cells/l to 1.2×10 exp (5)cells/l with the mean value of 3.6×10 exp (4)cells/l in summer, from 6.0×10 exp (3)cells/l to 2.6×10 exp (5)cells/l with mean of 1.5×10 exp (5)cells/l in autumn, from 1.3×10 exp (4)cells/l to 1.0×10 exp (6)cells/l with mean 3.5×10 exp (5)cells/l in winter, and from 4.8×10 exp (3)cells/l to 6.0×10 exp (5)cells/l with mean of 1.6×10 exp (5)cells/l in autumn. That is to say, phytoplankton standing crops was large in low temperature seasons, on the other hand small in high temperature seasons. Chlorophyll α concentration fluctuated between 0.19㎍/l and 12.3㎍/l in March. In Deukryang Bay seasonal flucturation in chl-α concentration was not marked. Especially, chl-α concentration in the water around Deukryang Island located in the middle part of Deukryang Bay showed patchy distributions with a very high concentration. And chl-α concentration was high during a year. Therefore, phytoplankton production in Deukryang Bay could be very high year-round. [Deukryang Bay, Phytoplankton community, Spatio-temporal distribution, Standing crops, Dominant species, Diatoms, Skeletonema costatum, Chlorophyll a., Patchiness].
제주 바다목장 해역 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간적 변동 특성
윤양호(Yoon, Yang Ho) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.11
제주 바다목장 해역의 식물플랑크톤 군집의 시·공간적 분포특성을 파악하기 위해 8개 정점의 표층과 10m 수심에 서 2008년 4월부터 11월까지 4회 현장조사를 실시하였다. 식물플랑크톤 출현종은 63속 106종으로 다양하였다. 분류군별은 규조류가 61.3%, 와편모조류가 34.9%를 차지하였고, 시간적으로는 가을에 다양한 종이 출현하였다. 식물플랑크톤 현존량 은 여름 0.6 cells·mL⁻¹에서 봄 64.0 cells·mL⁻¹의 범위로 매우 낮았다. 평균 세포밀도에 의한 연변동은 연평균 최저 11월 0.9 cells·mL⁻¹에서 최고 4월 37.0 cells·mL⁻¹로 변화하여 연평균 11.7cells·mL⁻¹의 낮은 세포밀도를 나타내었다. 우점종은 4월에 Skeletonema costatum-like species(ls)에 의해 극우점되었다. 6월은 Torodinium teredo, Cylindrotheca closterium, Scrippsiella trochoidea, 9월은 S. costatum–ls, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Ebria tripartita 그리고 11월은 Corethron pennatum, Dictyocha fibura, Neoceratium teres가 우점 출현하여, 기존 결과와는 다른 결과를 나타내었다. 생태지수 중에 종 다양성 지수는 4월과 9월에 낮고 6월과 11월에 높았다. 식물플랑크톤 군집으로 본 제주 바다목장 해역의 생물해양학적 특성은 연간 크기가 작은 나노플랑크톤에 의한 점유률이 높았고, 특정 종에 의해 극우점되는 외부 영양염류 유입보다는 생태내의 물질순환에 따른 재생산비율이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.
윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon),박지혜(Ji Hye Park) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2021 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.5
서해 남부 영광군 도서해역에서 식물플랑크톤 군집의 계절 동태를 고찰하기 위해 2020년 봄부터 2021년 겨울까지 소형 해양조사선(7.0톤)을 이용하여 21개 정점의 표층과 저층의 시료를 채수하였다. 결과, 출현한 식물플랑크톤 종은 52속 87종으로, 규조류가 67.8%, 와편모조류가 26.5%, 규질편모조류가 3.5%, 그리고 은편모조류 및 유글레나조류가 각 1.1%를 차지하였으며, 계절적인 출현 양상은 봄에 단순하였으나, 겨울은 상대적으로 다양하였다. 세포 밀도는 표층에서 여름이 28.8±30.1 cells/mL로 낮았고, 봄이 87.0±65.1 cells/mL로 높았다. 또한 식물플랑크톤 군집은 연중 규조류가 80% 이상의 점유율을 보였으며, 우점종은 Skeletonema costatum-ls가 봄과 겨울에 60% 이상 극우점을, 여름과 가을은 각 34.6%와 24.2%로 최우점하였다. 다양도 지수는 현존량과는 달리 가을에 2.794±0.445로 높았고, 봄에 1.822±0.178로 낮았다. 그러나 우점도 지수는 봄에 0.861±0.082로 높고, 가을에 0.44±0.132로 낮은 특징을 보였다. 그리고 일부 환경인자 및 식물플랑크톤 군집 관련 인자를 이용한 주성분분석 결과, 영광도서해역의 생물해양학적 환경은 개방된 외해수의 유입 및 규조류 출현 동태에 의해 지배되는 것으로 판단되었다. In order to investigate the seasonal dynamics of the phytoplankton community in the Yeongwang-Gun Islands Waters (YIWs) in the southern parts of West Sea, Korea, samples of the surface and bottom layers at 21 stations were collected from spring 2020 to winter 2021. As a results, of the phytoplankton species, 52 genera and 87 species appeared, with diatoms accounting for 67.8%, dinoflagellates 26.5%, silicoflagellates 3.5%, and crypto- monads and euglenoids 1.1% each. It was simple in spring and relatively varied in winter. The cell density of phytoplankton in surface was as low as 28.8±30.1 cells/mL in summer and 87.0±65.1 cells/mL in spring. The phytoplankton community showed a high share of diatoms by more than 80% throughout the year. As for the dominant species, Skeletonema costatum-ls had the dominance of more than 60% in spring and winter, and 34.6% and 24.2% in summer and autumn, respectively. Diversity was high at 2.794±0.445 in autumn and low at 1.822±0.178 in spring. However, the dominance was high at 0.861±0.082 in spring and low at 0.44±0.132 in autumn. As a result of principal component analysis (PCA) using environmental factors and phytoplankton factors, it was determined that the biological oceanographic environments in YIWs waters was dominated by the diffusion of open seawater and the appearance of diatoms.
해창만의 생물해양학적 환경특성 1. 식물플랑크톤 군집의 계절변동 및 분포 특성
윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon) 한국수산과학회 2000 한국수산과학회지 Vol.33 No.1
The observations on the seasonal fluctuations of phytoplankton community in Haechang Bay of the Korean southern sea were carried out during four seasons from 1997 to 1998. A total of 77 species of phytoplankton including 10 freshwater species, belonging to 51 genera was identified. Seasonal succession of dominant species was evident in Haechang Bay; Chaetoceros curvisetus, Skeletonema costatum, Eucampia zodiacus, Dictyocha fibula and Ceratium furca in summer, C. curvisetus in autunm. C. curvisetus, Rhizosolenia setigera and E. zodiacus in winter and S. costatum in spring. The phytoplankton community in Haechang Bay showed various species composition and was occupied with centric diatoms all the year round. Densities of the phytoplankton cell number by the samples of Haechang Bay ranged from 8.4×10³cells/ℓ to 2.0×10^5 cells/ℓ with the mean value of 9.2×10⁴cells/ℓ in summer, from 3.2×10³cells/ℓ to 4.6×10^6 cells/ℓ with mean of 6.2×10⁴cells/ℓ in autumn, from 8.4×10³cells/ℓ to 4.3×10⁴ cells/ℓ with mean 2.2×10⁴cells/ℓ in winter and from 1.0×10³cells/ℓ to 4.6×10⁴cells/ℓ with mean of 1.1×10⁴cells/ℓ in spring. Phytoplankton standing crops fluctuated with an annual mean of 4.7×10⁴cells/ℓ between the lowest value of 1.0×10³cells/ℓ in spring and the highest value of 4.6×10^5 cells/ℓ in autumn. That is, phytoplankton standing crops was high in summer and autumn, while it was very low in winter and spring.
윤양호(Yoon, Yang-Ho) 국제고려학회 서울지회 2009 국제고려학회 서울지회 논문집 Vol.12 No.-
The transition of modern society has been processed more drastically than any other periods in the past. Keeping up with its fast speed, a lot of unexpected incidents or events are happening. Especially, the unification is of no exception. Along with the external environmental changes occurring around both Koreas, the inner situations also contain various variables. Many changes have been occurring in the area of cultural arts. Creative cultural industries have emerged as the core industries. As the cultural art has taken the credits for the motivation of creativity and flexibility, the exchange of cultural arts among different countries all over the world has been expedited along with the globalization and rapid development of technology related to the communication. Also, the digital system and information system have required the birth of new genre in art, and the convergence between diverse genres. Meanwhile, the demand for the cultural art has increased as the desire for the ‘relaxing life’ and leisure time have also increased tremendously. Such social trend for the arts may also contribute greatly to resolving the problems between North and South Korea. In case of Germany, they started to invest a lot in their exchange of cultural arts from 1960s. This effort led to some changes in East Germany and eventually to the reunification. It is certain that Germany and Korea are historically and culturally different, and hence the direct comparison between those two does not hold the strong feasibility. The characteristics of cultural arts, however, may indicate some common features shared by those two. Different political systems and economic policies of the North and the South have spread the difference in a variety of areas, from the daily lives to the behavioral manners, cultural norms, ways of thinking, and historical interpretations of the members. This kind of different cultural art has become a major obstacle to the unification process. In this perspective, one may argue that the broader understanding and exchange of the cultural art are required in modern society. In the long run, the exchange of cultural arts could become a fundamental project to prepare for the overall post-unification society by understanding the difference between North and South Korean societies and cultures. Since the North and South Korean unification process contains not only the external unification of the systems but also the inner or psychological unification as well, the exchange of cultural art will contribute significantly to the understanding of different systems and cultures, along with the expansion of the coexistence of national culture. In 1970s, Germany introduced a new art policy, which also supported the Kassel Documenta and Cologne Art Fair. While recuperating from the wound of the war, West Germany began to paint a big picture called unification, and decided to utilize the artistic characteristics to change the ways of understanding. Cassel, a small city in mid Germany, sponsored the art conference in every five years, where artist with novel ideas from all over the world gathered to discuss the arts, cultures, politics, and economics as well as to change the perspectives of Germans. Such art policy had tremendous impact on the change of German society. Also, the Art Fair that contributed to the commercialization of art works delivered the message of temptation to the artists in East Germany. This Art Fair had brought subtle changes to the perspectives of those artists in East Germany. With their efforts, East Germany could eventually experience some new movements, starting from small ripples to waves, and to the unification at the end. The artistic movement for the unification may seem to be less likely to have tremendous impact. Without such artistic effort, however, the unification cannot be fully completed as in Germany’s case.