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안동현 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1
Any cosmetic surgical procedure is to changes in body image. Almost of all is positive changes in body-related cognition, behaviors, and emotions. Changes in body image resulting from cosmetic surgery is an interaction among perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. The majority of individuals who undergo cosmetic plastic surgery are satisfied with the surgical outcome and positive changes in body image. But some patients are dissatisfied with the outcome, although the surgery was successful technically. Plastic surgeons often will try to ensure that the patient does not evidence known contraindications for cosmetic surgery and to evaluate toe degree to which they are likely to benefit from the requested operation. A evaluation of patients involves assessing their preoperative expectations, conducting a multimodal assessment of body image functioning, screening for psychopathology, and ensuring that full informed consent has taken place.
의과대학 학생의 정신과학 실기 평가에서 객관적 구조화 임상 시험(OSCE) 실시
안동현,이규영,박훈기,박용천,조연규,김석현 대한신경정신의학회 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.6
Objectives:The Objective Structured Clinical Examination(OSCE) has been recently introduced in various Korean medical schools to evaluate clinical competence of medical students in the psychiatry setting. This study attempts to provide basic data for the future research to improve reliability and validity in implementing OSCE in psychiatry by analyzing OSCE checklists and scores that Hanyang University Medical School has produced for the past 4 years and examining any problems related to station duplication and correlation between OSCE scores and other test scores. Methods:OSCE was conducted for senior students of Medical School of Hanyang University from 1996 through 1999. In 1996, it was given to students in a form of self checklist after a relevant video tape was shown to them. The clinical professor evaluated them using checklists after a relevant video tape was shown to them in 1997 and 1998. In 1999, the clinical professor evaluated them using further detailed checklists after interviewing standardized patients. Stations were duplicated in 2 places over 4 years. The scores were compared and analyzed based on overall scores, each question and each duplicated station. The correlation of scores of OSCE and other examinations has been also explored. Results:The OSCE scores have changed significantly every year. The scores of the questions related to diagnosis and management showed significant correlation between the OSCE and other examinations conducted in 1998 and 1999. The overall scores for each duplicated station showed significant difference between 1997 and 1998, but not between 1996 and 1999. However the analysis of questions of OSCE conducted in 1999 indicated that the scores of 9 questions demonstrated significant difference between the duplicated stations. Conclusion:It is required to formulate and distribute checklists suited to evaluate students attitudes and qualification as clinical doctors. In order to enhance reliability across stations, the assessor needs to take sufficient training prior to examination;evaluation criteria need to be clearly defined;and further study on standardized patients is required 연구목적: 최근 국내에도 의학과 학생들의 정신과 영역에서 임상 수행 능력 평가를 위해서 OSCE(Objective Structured Clinical Examination)가 여러 의과 대학에서 도입되어 시행 중이다. 본 연구는 한양대학교 의과대학에서 4년간 시행한 OSCE 성적과 문항 분석, 시험장 복제에 따른 문제점, 타 시험 성적과 상관관계를 연구하여 향후 정신과 OSCE 시행에 따른 신뢰도와 타당도 개선 연구에 기초 자료를 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 방 법: 1996년부터 1999년까지 한양대학교 의과대학에서 의학과 4학년을 대상으로 OSCE를 시행하였다. 1996년 에 비디오 시청 후 자가 체크리스트로 평가하였고, 1997년과 1998년에는 비디오 시청 후에 임상교수가 체크리 스트를 이용하여 평가하였다. 1999년에는 표준화 환자와 면담 후에 임상교수가 더욱 세분화된 체크리스트를 이 용하여 평가하였다. 4년 동안 시험장 복제를 하여 2군데 고사장에서 실시하였다. 성적 결과를 전체, 문항별, 복제된 고사장별로 비교 분석하였고, 타 시험성적과 상관성을 알아보았다. 결 과: 매년 OSCE 성적이 유의한 변화를 보였고, 1998년과 1999년에 타 시험성적과 OSCE 성적의 상관관계에 서 진단 및 처치에 관련된 문항과 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다. 복제된 고사장별 전체 성적 비교는 1996년과 1999년에 유의한 차가 없었고, 1997년과 1998년에는 유의한 차가 있었다. 그러나 1999년 OSCE의 문항별 분석에서 9문항의 점수가 복제된 고사장간에 유의한 차를 보였다. 결 론: 임상의사로서 태도나 자질을 보는 문항을 적절히 개발, 배분할 필요가 있고, 복제된 고사장간 신뢰도를 높이 기 위해서 평가교수의 충분한 사전 훈련과 명확한 평가 기준의 개발이 필요하고, 표준화 환자에 대한 연구가 더욱 필요하다
X-선 회절 패턴 측정과 투과 전자 현미경을 이용한 구리 나노분말의 수소 환원 처리 시 발생하는 미세조직 변화 및 치밀화 시편의 물성 분석
안동현,이동준,김우열,박이주,김형섭,Ahn, Dong-Hyun,Lee, Dong Jun,Kim, Wooyeol,Park, Lee Ju,Kim, Hyoung Seop 한국분말야금학회 2014 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.21 No.3
In this study, nano-scale copper powders were reduction treated in a hydrogen atmosphere at the relatively high temperature of $350^{\circ}C$ in order to eliminate surface oxide layers, which are the main obstacles for fabricating a nano/ultrafine grained bulk parts from the nano-scale powders. The changes in composition and microstructure before and after the hydrogen reduction treatment were evaluated by analyzing X-ray diffraction (XRD) line profile patterns using the convolutional multiple whole profile (CMWP) procedure. In order to confirm the result from the XRD line profile analysis, transmitted electron microscope observations were performed on the specimen of the hydrogen reduction treated powders fabricated using a focused ion beam process. A quasi-statically compacted specimen from the nano-scale powders was produced and Vickers micro-hardness was measured to verify the potential of the powders as the basis for a bulk nano/ultrafine grained material. Although the bonding between particles and the growth in size of the particles occurred, crystallites retained their nano-scale size evaluated using the XRD results. The hardness results demonstrate the usefulness of the powders for a nano/ultrafine grained material, once a good consolidation of powders is achieved.
안동현 한양대학교 의과대학 2013 Hanyang Medical Reviews Vol.33 No.4
Insomnia is the most common sleep problem affecting nearly one-third of the population as either a primary or comorbid condition. Insomnia has been defined as both a symptom and a disorder, and is characterized as sleep that is chronically unrestorative or poor in quality often due to difficulty in initiating sleep, in maintaining sleep, or with waking up too early. Insomnia results in some form of daytime impairment in the patient’s normal activites. Although the exact pathophysiology of insomnia is poorly understood, it is often believed to arise from a state of hyperarousal in multiple neurophysiological and/or psychological systems. Population-based studies suggest that while about one-third of the general population complains of sleep disturbance, only 10-15 percent has associated symptoms of daytime functional impairment, and even fewer, only 6-10 percent have impairments sufficient for the diagnostic criteria of insomnia. The cornerstone of the insomnia evaluation and diagnosis is a comprehensive history obtained by the clinical interview with patient and/or family. Additional assessment tools, such as sleep diary or log, various questionnaires, actigraphy, and multichannel polysomnography (PSG) have been used as an aid to diagnosis, although many are limited in their validation. Insomnia causes a significant burden of medical, psychiatric, societal consequences on the individual and societal level. Clinicians in either primary settings or specialized clinics should have knowledge to manage insomnia with confidence.
Transverse Beam Emittance Measurement Using Quadrupole Variation at KIRAMS-430
안동현,한가람,박차원 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.3
In order to produce a 430 MeV/u carbon ion (12C6+) beam for medical therapy, the KoreaInstitute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS) has carried out the development of asuperconducting isochronous cyclotron, the KIRAMS-430. At the extraction of the cyclotron, anEnergy Selection System (ESS) is located to modulate the fixed beam energy and to drive theion beam through High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) into the treatment room. The beamemittance at the ion beamline is to be measured to provide information on designing a beam withhigh quality. The well-known quadrupole variation method was used to determine the feasibility ofmeasuring the transverse beam emittance. The beam size measured at the beam profile monitor(BPM) is to be utilized and the transformation of beam by transfer matrix is to be applied beingtaken under various transport condition of varying quadrupole magnetic strength. Two differentmethods where beam optics are based on the linear matrix formalism and particle tracking with a3-D magnetic field distribution obtained by using OPERA3D TOSCA, are applied to transport thebeam. The fittings for the transformation parameters are used to estimate the transverse emittanceand the twiss parameters at the entrance of the quadrupole in the ESS. Including several systematicstudies, we conclude that within the uncertainty the estimated emittances are consistent with theones calculated by using Monte Carlo simulations.