공동주택 발코니 공간 활용에 관한 연구

심상일(Sim, Sang-il),박미진(Park, Mi-jin) 한국주거환경학회 2021 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.19 No.2

우리나라의 주거문화는 근대화를 기점으로 과거의 전통적인 주거 양식이 변화하며 아파트라는 집합주거형식의 공동주택을 중심으로 발전하였다. 공동주택은 크게 개인적인 공간과 가족구성원 전체를 위한 공용공간으로 구성 되어있으며 이는 법적인 제한을 기준으로 사회적인 요구에 대응하며 거주자의 편의와 특성을 고려하여 점차 세분화되고 다양하게 변화하였다. 하지만 각 실 고유의 기능이 편리하게 특화되고 다양해지는 반면 초고층 공동주택이 늘어나고 있는 현 시점에서도 유일하게 외부공간과의 완충 역할을 하는 발코니의 기능은 오히려 퇴보되어 오로지 전용공간 확장을 위한 서비스면적으로만 자리매김 되고 있는 실정이다. 또한 공동주택 전용 면적당 발코니 공간의 비율과 발코니 확장 비율은 일정한 기준이 없이 건설사의 평면계획에 의하여 정해지다보니 발코니 확장의 여부와 관계없이 기본형과 확장형 모두가 기능적으로 활용도가 저하되고 피난 및 안전에 관한 필수적인 요소들은 오히려 사용자의 편의를 저해하는 요인으로 변모 하고 있다. 정책적으로는 2005년 12월 기존의 불법적으로 시행해 오던 발코니 공간 확장에 대한 합법화 이후에 확장을 전제로 하는 일률적인 건축계획으로 도시미관 발전의 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 현대사회의 대표적인 주거형태인 공동주택에서 본래의 기능이 퇴색되고 있는 발코니 공간에 관하여 문제점을 파악하고 분석하여 전용면적 비율에 따른 발코니 면적 제공과 발코니 확장 면적비율을 제한하여 공동주택 발코니의 기능적 활성화 방안을 제시하고자 한다. Starting with modernization, Korea s residential culture has been changed the traditional residential style of the past and developed around apartment houses in the form of collective housing. Apartment houses are largely composed of private spaces and public spaces for all family members, which respond to social needs based on legal restrictions and have been gradually subdivided and varied considering the convenience and characteristics of residents. However, at a time when the number of high-rise apartments is increasing, the function of balconies, which serve as buffers with external spaces, has been regressed and established only as a space to expand the service area. In addition, the proportion of balcony space per apartment area and balcony expansion ratio are set by the contractor s plan without certain rules, making both basic and expandable functionally underutilized and essential elements of evacuation and safety rather hinder residents convenience. Policy-wise, the unitary construction plan, which presupposes expansion after legalization of the existing illegal balcony space expansion in December 2005, has hindered the development of urban beauty. In this study, we will identify and analyze problems with balcony space, which is fading in apartment houses, a representative residential type of modern society, to present the ratio of balcony area per dedicated area and balcony expansion area ratio, and plan for sustainable revitalization.

이중필름 수막시스템의 보온효과

남상운(Nam Sang Woon),허연정(Heo Yeon Jeong),심옥자(Sim Ok Ja),심상일(Sim Sang Il),이호상(Lee Ho Sang) 한국생물환경조절학회 1998 한국생물환경조절학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.7 No.1

폐문부 림파절비대를 동반한 폐장 Cryptococcus증

심상범 ( Sang Beom Sim ),전영빈 ( Young Bin Jeon ),김종호 ( Jong Ho Kim ),김동순 ( Dong Soon Kim ),이남수 ( Nam Soo Lee ),손광현 ( Kwang Hyun Sohn ),김성숙 ( Seong Sook Kim ),조혜제 ( Hae Je Jo ),고일향 ( Il Hyang Ko ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1984 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.31 No.4

석면 해체?제거업체의 법규준수에 대한 인식 및 태도

김동일(Dong Il Kim),심상효(Sang Hyo Sim) 한국실내환경학회 2009 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.6 No.3

This paper has attempted to analyze asbestos dismantlement and removal companies' licensing procedure and their work satisfaction and observance of laws and regulations and discover problems for improvement of the current system. In terms of the number of asbestos dismantlement and removal companies by region, Seoul and Gyeonggi (32, 43.2%) were the highest, followed by Jeonnam, Jeonbuk and Jeju (19, 25.7%), Gyeongnam and Gyeongbuk / Chungnam and Chungbuk (8 apiece, 10.8%) and Gangwon (7, 9.5%). In terms of the number of asbestos dismantlement and removal works, it has rapidly increased from 33 cases (1.4%) in 2005 to 598 (25.1%) in 2007 and 1,599 (67.2%) in 2008. In terms of preliminary investigation on asbestos, asbestos-related education and work environment by region, a significant statistical difference has been observed. According to analysis on the asbestos dismantlement and removal companies' satisfaction (in terms of the appropriateness of dismantlement and removal cost), 'unsatisfied (35 companies, 47.3%)' was the highest, followed by 'not bad (20, 27.0%)' and 'satisfied (19, 25.7%),' showing high dissatisfaction on the cost. In terms of the asbestos dismantlement and removal companies' satisfaction at work, Factor 1 accounted for 39.3% while Factor 2 was 16.8%, which showed 56.2% in total.

NF-κB 신호전달과정의 음성적 조절 -배아줄기세포에서의 조절을 포함하여

이충일 ( Choong Il Lee ),심상형 ( Sang Hhyung Sim ),김영은 ( Young Eun Kim ),황유원 ( Yoo Weon Hwang ),하양화 ( Yang Hwa Ha ),한재민 ( Jae Min Han ),김경아 ( Kyeong A Kim ),황보은 ( Eun Hwang Bo ),이영희 ( Young Hee Lee ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2010 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.7 No.3

NF-κB is a transcriptional factor which is involved in many biological processes including immunity, inflammation, and cell survival. Many investigators studied on the mechanism involved in activation of NF-κB signalling pathway via ubiquitination and degradation of IkB. Recently, termination of NF-κB signaling after activation is regarded as another essential regulating step. In addition to the negative feedback by IkB protein, ubiquitination and degradation of nuclear p65/RelA, a crucial subunit of NF-κB, is considered another mechanism to terminate the NF-κB signaling. COMMD1, PDLIM2, GCN5 and NMRAL1 are recently reported as proteins related with p65/ RelA ubiquitination. Interestingly, ubiquitination and degradation of p65/RelA through viral protein was also found in the process of viral infection to escape from host defence mechanism. In contrast with somatic cells, expression of NF-κB is relatively low in undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells, and activity of NF-κB is down-regulated by Nanog via direct interaction. Furthermore, enforced expression of NF-κB resulted in differentiation suggesting that down regulation of NF-κB contributes to the maintenance of ES cells. Therefore, better understanding on the negative regulation of NF-κB signaling in somatic cells as well as in ES cells might give more insights into therapeutics targeting NF-κB signaling.

작업환경측정 시료 채취기의 부착 위치에 따른 유기화합물의 농도 분포에 관한 연구

권영규 ( Yung Gyu Kwon ),원정일 ( Jung Il Won ),장형석 ( Hyung Seok Jang ),심상효 ( Sang Hyo Sim ) 한국산업보건학회 2015 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in concentration according to the position at the left or right shoulder within a 30 cm of radius of workers’ respirators and provide basic data for the establishment of an industrial health policy. Methods: Personal samples were collected from a total of 65 workers from 27 manufacturing firms in South Gyeongsang-do Province from November 5, 2011 to December 30, 2012 after classifying the laborers into left- and right-side groups. The organic compound samples were collected and analyzed in accordance with the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM) 1501. Results: In terms of the concentration of organic compounds collected from both left and right shoulders at the position of workers’ respirators, isobutyl acetate was the highest with 145 ppm at the left shoulder, followed by ethyl acetate (133.5 ppm) and toluene (38.13 ppm). At the right shoulder, on the contrary, ethyl acetate (149.3 ppm) was the highest, followed by toluene (46.26 ppm), xylene (29.63ppm) and isopropyl alcohol (28.06 ppm). Overall, the right shoulder was higher than the left shoulder in terms of concentrations. Conclusions: For the measurement of the working environment, workers’ personal samples should be collected at the place closest to the respirator. In terms of the reduction of error, the attachment of two sample media is expected to reduce errors in exposure assessment.

국내 현황을 고려한 방재거점시설 설계방안 연구 : 인천광역시를 중심으로

주재성(Ju, Jae-seong),염태준(Yeom, Tae-jun),심상일(Sim, Sang-il),박미진(Park, Mi-Jin) 한국주거환경학회 2021 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.19 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 일본의 광역방재거점과 같이 광범위한 재난재해에 대비하는 방재거점시설을 국내에 도입하여 도시방재력을 향상하는 것에 있다. 이에 선행연구, 국내와 일본의 법제도, 그리고 일본의 광역방재거점 선행사례를 분석하여 방재거점시설의 개념을 도출하였다. 그리고 도시지역에 방재거점시설을 확보하기 위하여 기존 시설을 평가하기 위한 평가항목과 평가지표를 도출하였다. 그리고 연구의 공간적 범위인 인천광역시의 체육시설을 중심으로 평가지표를 활용한 분석을 진행하여, 적합한 기존 시설을 선정하였다. 이를 통해 선정된 문학경기장의 공간을 분석하고, 각 공간의 이용계획을 제시하였다. 또한, 방재거점시설의 기능을 확보하기 위한 건물의 설계를 제안하였으며, 이를 통해 국내에 적합한 방재거점시설의 설계방안을 제시하였다. 이에 국내 현황에 없는 광범위한 재난재해에 대비한 방재거점시설의 개념과 설계방안을 제안하여 도시방재력 향상에 기여하였다. The purpose of this study is to improve urban resilience capability by proposing resilience base facilities to prepare for a wide range of disasters, such as Japan s wide area resilience base. Accordingly, the concept of resilience base facilities was derived by analyzing previous studies, domestic and Japanese legal systems, and cases of Japan s wide area resilience bases. In addition, in order to secure resilience base facilities in urban areas, evaluation items and evaluation indicators for evaluating existing facilities were derived. In addition, an analysis using evaluation indicators was conducted centering on the sports facilities in Incheon, which is the spatial scope of the study, and appropriate existing facilities were selected. Through this, the space of the selected Munhak Stadium was analyzed, and the use plan of each space was presented. In addition, the design of the building to secure the function of the resilience base facility was proposed, and through this, a design plan of the resilience base facility suitable for Korea was suggested. Accordingly, it contributed to the improvement of urban disaster resilience capabilities by proposing the concept and design of resilience base facilities in preparation for a wide range of disasters that are not present in the domestic situation.

작업환경측정기관 근로자의 직업 만족도 영향 요인 분석

양원호 ( Won Ho Yang ),김치년 ( Chi Nyon Kim ),김태형 ( Tae Hyeung Kim ),노영만 ( Young Man Roh ),심상효 ( Sang Hyo Sim ),원정일 ( Jung Il Won ),이채관 ( Chae Kwan Lee ),정광호 ( Kwang Ho Chung ),정지연 ( Jee Yeon Jeong ),조기홍 ( 한국산업위생학회 2013 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Objectives: This study was performed in order to investigate by questionnaire the factors affecting the occupational satisfaction of work-environment measurement workers, as well as to suggest fundamental materials for systematic, administrative and economic improvements which are necessary to create a vision for the future. Material and Methods: A structured questionnaire was used at a total of 152 institutions and 1,254 work-environment measurement workers throughout the country from February to September 2012. Responses came from 97 institutions (64%) and 941 work-environment measurement workers (75.1%). The factors affecting the job satisfaction of work-environment measurement workers were statistically evaluated through χ 2 -test and ordinal logistic regression analysis. Results: Major factors affecting the job satisfaction of workers in relation to work-environment measurement were working, financial, and psychological conditions (p<0.05). Conclusions: Considering the results of this study, the improvement of labor conditions should be undertaken because workers engaged in work-environment measurement are fundamental to occupational health.

안식향산 함유 식품 섭취가 톨루엔 폭로 근로자들의 요중 마뇨산 농도에 미치는 영향

심상효,손정일,박정일 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This study was performed to investigate the effect of foods containing benzoic acid on the urinary hippuric acid concentration in the toluene exposed workers. The urinary hippuric acid concentration were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minute after intake of soft drink and bread containing benzoic acid in volunteers, who did not have been exposed toluene occupationally. After that urinary hippuric acids were measured at the end of shift in toluene exposed workers. And also the concentration of toluene in air were analysed by gas chromatography. So the relationships between urinary hippuric acid concentration and age, work duration, concentration of toluene in air and intake of benzoic acid containing food were observed. The results were as follows: 1. The urinary hippuric acid concentration reached the highest level at 30 minute after intake of soft drink with bread at a level of 1.41g/g creatinine and soft drink alone at a level of 1.04g/g creatinine which contained benzoic acid among unexposed toluene, and then gradually decreased. 2. In toluene exposed group to significant effect of general characteristics such as gender, age, work duration, drinking and smoking on urinary hippuric acid concentration was showed in toluene exposed group. 3. The mean value of urinary hippuric acid concentration of group taking benzoic acid containing foods was significantly higher than that of group not taking. 4. Multiple regression analysis showed that toluene concentration in air and benzoic acid containing foods were together significantly influence on urinary hippuric acid concentration. And the function between variables is Y=0.014Toluene+0.489Benzoic acid+0.745 and the contribution rates were 31%. In conclusion, it was suggested that the information on intake of benzoic acid containing foods should be considered in measurement of urinary hippuric acid for the more accurate toluene exposure evaluation.

이중필름 수막시스템의 에너지 절감 효과

남상운,허연정,심옥자,심상일,이호상 안성산업대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

This study was carried out to investigate energy saving effect and thermal insulation characteristics of double film water curtain system during the coldest season in greenhouse. A double film water curtain system is a ground water spraying system between double layered plastic film, and it is able to make uniform water curtain. The experimental greenhouses were plastic greenhouses of two types. A type-Ⅰ was a two-thirds arched shape and its area was 350㎡ . A type-Ⅱ was a triangle shape and its area was 190㎡. Both greenhouses were cultivated with cactus. The minimum outside air temperature ranged was -2.6 to -16.7℃ and nocturnal ambient mean temperature was -6.5℃. The experimental greenhouses have maintained the air temperature above 2℃ of type-Ⅰ and 8℃ of type-Ⅱ. The ground water spraying flow rates of these greenhouses were 7.0ℓ/㎡hr of type-Ⅰ and 4.3ℓ/㎡hr of type-Ⅱ. The overall heat transfer coefficient of type-Ⅰ greenhouse was calculated at 1.97 kcal//㎡hr℃ and type-Ⅱ was 1.44 kcal/㎡hr℃. The energy saving rate of type-Ⅰ greenhouse was estimated and 78.1% and type-Ⅱ was 98.9%.