The Effect of Biodiesel Oxidation Deterioration on Emission

송호영(Song, Hoyoung),이민호(Lee, Minho),김기호(Kim, Kiho),정충섭(Jung, Choongsub) 한국신재생에너지학회 2011 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

Biodiesel and biodiesel blend fuel are receiving increasing attention as alternative fuels for diesel engines without substantial modifications. Biodiesel fuels and blending have been widely studied and applied in diesel engine because of biodiesel's lower sulfur, lower aromatic hydrocarbon and higher oxygen content. Biodiesels have the potential to be oxidized in different condition. It has reported that oxidation deterioration of biodiesel is different in the condition of storage and oxidation causes chemical property change of methyl esters. Sunlight intensity, temperature, material of container and contact surface with oxygen are key dominant factors accelerating oxidation deterioration. In this study, we chose temperature among key oxidation conditions and metal container filled with biodiesel was heated at about 110?C for 10 days in order to accelerate oxidation deterioration. To better understand the effect of biodiesel blends on emission, steady state tests were conducted on a heavy duty diesel engine. The engine was fueled with Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel(ULSD), a blend of 10% and 20%(BD10, BD20) on volumetric basis, equipped with a common rail direct injection system and turbocharger, lives up to the requirements of EURO 3. The experimental results show that the blend fuel of normal biodiesel with BD10 and BD20 increased NOx. The result of PM was similar to diesel fuel on BD10, but the result of PM on BD20 was increased about 63% more than its of diesel. The blend fuel of Oxidation biodiesel with BD10 and BD20 increased NOx as the results of normal biodiesel. But PM was all increased on BD10 and BD20. Especially THC was extremely increased when test fuel contains biodiesel about 140% more than its of diesel. Through this study, we knew that oxidation deterioration of biodiesel affects emission of diesel engine.

MTBE 함량 변화가 MPI 및 GDi 차량의 배출가스 및 연비에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구

송호영(Hoyoung Song),이민호(Minho Lee),김기호(Kiho Kim),임태윤(Taeyoon Lim),김홍집(Hongjip Kim) 한국에너지학회 2016 에너지공학 Vol.25 No.4

연료조성 변화에 따른 노킹 및 입자상물질 상관관계 규명 연구

송호영(Hoyoung Song),이민호(Minho Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.5

This study investigated the effects of fuel composition on knocking generation and particulate matter of a single cylinder port fuel injection spark-ignition engine. Hydrocarbon confounds such as iso-octane and aromatic hydrocarbons and ETBE blended fuels were used as fuels in this study. The ignition timing was varied to investigate the effects of fuel composition and knocking from 10° to 40° before top dead center (BTDC). The experimental results indicated that as the fuel evaporation improved, the ignition delay and combustion duration were shortened. Additionally, the knocking of fuels with these characteristics occurred earlier than the other fuels, and the knocking intensity of these fuels was stronger. As a result of the change in ignition timing, knocking begined when the combustion duration was shorter than 19 °CA, and the intensity of knocking increased. A fuel with higher iso-octane content at the same combustion duration has relatively high resistance to knocking. Particulate emissions sharply increased as the knocking intensity increased. PN increased with increasing knocking strength. Type-1 with high iso-octane content in hydrocarbon-based fuel has the lowest knocking strength, and PN is low.

대형디젤엔진용 Metal Foam Filter의 미세입자 특성

송호영(Hoyoung Song),이민호,김재권(Jaigueon Kim),정충섭(Choongsub Jung),박만호(Manho Park),이정민(Jungmin Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2010 No.11

Fine particles have the greatest demonstrated impact on human health. Their small size allows them to get deep into the lungs and from there they can reach or trigger inflammation in the lung, blood vessels or the heart, and perhaps other organs. Recently many studies have been performed about fine particles, specially nano particle less than 100㎚ size. In this study, we have performed experimental study on SFC reduction characteristics of emission, specially PM and PN(nano particle) and confirmed whether SFC have an advantage of reduction of particulate matter. EEPS measured the sample gas directly extracted from the tailpipe and used first dilutor between tailpipe and EEPS. We found that SFC reduced PM about 49% and PN about 62% and have a high reduction performance of nano particles.

Nano Particle Emission Charataristics of Biodiesel

송호영(Song, Hoyoung),이민호(Lee, Minho),김재권(Kim, Jaigueon),정충섭(Jung, Choongsub) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.11

Biodiesels are well-known as alternative fuels. also we know that biodiesels increase NOx and reduce PM(Particulate Matter) by previous many studies. But PM in most these studies was considered about the mass. In this study, We have performed experimental test for PM and exhaust emission by mixed ratio of biodiesel in heavy duty diesel engine. PM was investigated by The nano particle number and the mass. The mass of PM was evaluated by using the standard gravimetric method, The number of PM was evaluated by using the EEPS(Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer), on the ESC(European Steady Cycle) mode. Sampled gas through dilutor was directly extracted from tail pipe and EEPS measured diluted exhaust gas. Biodiesel is made up of used cooking oil. Diesel as base fuel was sold on market and contains 2% biodiesel. The mass of PM was reduced 10% and the nano particle number was increased 5%. The particle number less than 40nm was increased, but the particle number more than 40nm is decreased.

건설기계엔진에서 Cooled E-EGR System의 배출가스 특성

송호영(HoYoung Song),김기호(Ki Ho Kim),김재권(Jai Gueon Kim),정충섭(Choong Sub Jung),김영훈(Kim Young Hoon) 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.5

It is known that EGR is the best method dramatically decreasing NOx in diesel engine. but PM increase by trade-off. In this study, EGR was applied to construction machine for decreasing NOx and satisfying Tier Ⅲ regulation. This E-EGR is cooled by water and controled electrically. Test engine satisfy Tier Ⅱ regulation and is 13L and D9406TI. Test engine exhausted much NOx on more low speed and high load than high speed and load operation condition. NMHC+NOx is 5.161g/㎾ㆍh and PM is 1.117g/㎾ㆍh on the base. After applied, NMHC+NOx decreased to 3.735g/㎾ㆍh and PM decreased to 1.172g/㎾ㆍh. We checked that Tier Ⅲ regulation was satisfied by applying E-EGR.

ATM 교환기에서 효율적인 자원 관리 방법

송호영(HoYoung Song),주성순(SeongSoon Joo) 한국통신학회 1998 한국통신학회 학술대회 및 강연회 Vol.1998 No.12

함산소기재가 MPI 및 GDi 차량의 배출가스 및 연비에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구

송호영(Hoyoung Song),김기호(Kiho Kim),임태윤(Tae-yoon Lim),김홍집(Hongjip Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국 자동차공학회논문집 Vol.25 No.5

대형디젤엔진용 Metal Fiber Filter의 미세입자 배출특성에 관한 연구

송호영(HoYoung Song),김기호(Ki Ho Kim),김재권(Jai Gueon Kim),정충섭(Choong Sub Jung),이세영(Se Young LEE),이덕의(Duck Euy Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11

This study was focused on nanoparticle emission characteristics of metal fiber filter for heavy duty diesel engine. It was known that Metal Fiber Filter has many superior characteristics like high corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistance(up to 1000℃), very low pressure drop, excellent mechanical strength, long on-stream life, high porosity. In this study, ESC(European Steady Cycle) and ETC(European Transient Cycle) was applied and PM(Particulate Matter) was measured directly from tail-pipe. DMS 500 was used to analyze PM behaviors. BPT(balance point temperature) of Metal Fiber Filter was about 380℃. Total Particle Number without DPF recorded 1.02×10?(#/㎤) on ESC and 2.38x10?(#/㎤) on ETC. These with DPF reduced to 2.11x10?(#/㎤) on ESC and 6.73x10 5(#/㎤) on ETC. Especially Nucleation mode on both modes was relatively more reduced than accumulation mode.

비영리법인의 비대면 결의에 관한 고찰

송호영(Song, Hoyoung) 한국비교사법학회 2021 비교사법 Vol.28 No.1

2019년 말 발발한 코로나바이러스 감염증의 대유행으로 인하여 우리 사회의 일상은 빠르게 비대면의 방식으로 바뀌어가고 있다. 그 중 하나가 비영리법인에 있어서 비대면에 의한 결의라고 할 수 있다. 민법은 비영리사단법인의 경우 매년 1회 이상 통상총회를 개최하도록 되어 있는데, 코로나 팬데믹 상황에서는 정부의 사회적 거리두기 방역지침에 따라 특정한 장소에 회합하여 총회를 개최하는 것이 물리적으로 불가능한 실정이다. 이에 대해 많은 비영리법인은 비대면에 의한 온라인총회를 개최하고 전자투표에 의해 결의를 하는 방법을 대안으로 채택하고 있다. 그러나 정작 민법이나 공익법인법에는 비대면에 의한 결의에 관한 규정이 없으며, 대부분 법인들의 정관에도 비대면 결의에 관한 근거 규정이 없어서, 비대면에 의한 결의의 유효성에 대해 논란이 될 수 있다. 이에 본고는 공익법인을 포함한 비영리법인에 있어서 비대면 결의와 관련하여 다투어질 수 있는 여러 법적 쟁점에 대해 논구하고자 작성된 것이다(I.). 이를 위해 본고의 Ⅱ.에서는 현행 민법과 공익법인법상 결의에 관한 규율현황과 이에 관한 문제점을 개관하고, Ⅲ.에서는 비대면 결의를 인정한 우리나라의 특별법과 최근 코로나 상황에 대처하기 위해 제정된 독일의 코로나단체법 등의 입법례를 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로 Ⅳ.에서는 비영리법인의 비대면 결의에 관해 제기될 수 있는 여러 법적 쟁점들에 대한 해석론과 앞으로의 입법방향에 대해 검토하였다. Ⅴ.에서는 결론으로 본 연구를 통해 필자가 느낀 소회를 요약하였는데, 코로나사태 뿐만 아니라 천재지변 등의 사태에 대비하여 비영리법인에 대해서도 전자투표 도입과 회람결의의 도입 등을 내용으로 하는 입법을 제안하였다. Due to the pandemic of the COVID-19 that broke out in late 2019, our society s daily life is rapidly changing into a non-face-to-face manner. One of them can be said to be a “Non-Contact” resolution in a non-profit corporation. Although the Civil Act requires non-profit corporations to hold a general meeting at least once a year, it is physically impossible to meet and hold a general meeting in a specific place in accordance with the government s social distancing and quarantine guidelines in the corona pandemic situation. As an alternative to solving this problem, many non-profit corporations hold online general meetings by non-contact tools and adopt a method of making resolutions by electronic voting. However, there is no provision for non-face-to-face resolutions in the Civil Act or the Public Interest Corporations Act, and most corporations do not have a basis for non-face-to-face resolutions in the articles of incorporation, which can lead to controversy over the validity of non-face-to-face resolutions. Therefore, this paper was written to discuss various legal issues that may be contested in relation to non-face-to-face resolutions in non-profit corporations including public interest corporations (I). To this end, Ⅱ. of this paper outlined the current situation of regulations and problems related to resolutions under the Civil Act and Public Interest Corporations Act. Ⅲ. deals with legislation examples such as Korea s special law, which recognized a non-face-to-face resolution, and Germany s Corona Association Act, which was enacted to cope with the recent corona situation. Based on this, Ⅳ. contemplated the interpretation of various legal issues that may be raised regarding non-face-to-face resolutions of non-profit corporations and the future legislative directions. Ⅴ. as a conclusion, summarized main issues of this paper: In preparation for not only the corona pandemic but also natural disasters, legislation was proposed for non-profit corporations with the introduction of electronic voting and circular resolution.