소프트웨어 개발 프로젝트 성능의 최적화를 위한 Opportunity Tree 모델 설계

송기원,이경환,Song Ki-Won,Lee Kyung-Whan 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.12 No.3

오늘날 IT 조직들은 시장확보와 재정이득 측면에서 비전을 가지고 프로젝트를 수행한다. QCD관점에서 그 수god능력을 향상시켜 나가는 것이 비전을 실현하는 목표이다. 따라서 조직들은 이러한 목표를 달성하기 위해 프로세스 개선을 통해 QCD관점의 목표를 달성하고자 많은 노력을 하고 있는 실정이다. TBM, Ford, GE와 같은 대형 회사들도 컴퓨터에 의한 업무개선 효과보다는 IT를 이용한 비즈니스 프로세스 리엔지니어링을 통해 80퍼센트 이상의 성과를 거두고 있다. 그러나, 목표달성을 위해서는 프로젝트를 수행한 데이터를 수집하고 분석하여 관리해야 하지만 소프트웨어의 비가시성 특성으로 인한 정량적인 측정이 어려운 것이 사실이며 이로 인해 프로세스 변경으로 인한 효과와 효율을 가시적인 확인하기 힘들고 효과적인 프로세스 개선전략을 도출하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 조직의 외부적인 효과와 내부적인 효율(품질, 납기일, 공정, 재사용)에 초점을 맞추어 프로젝트 성능을 측정하고 분석한다. 측정된 프로젝트 성능 점수를 기반으로 프로젝트 성능의 최적화를 위한 OT(Opportunity Tree) 모델을 설계하였다. 설계 과정으로서 먼저 프로젝트에서 공통적인 요소(Meta data)를 도출하여 정량적 GQM(Goal-Question-Metric) 설문서에 의해서 분석한다. 정량적 GQM 설문서로부터 얻은 데이터를 가지고, 프로젝트 성능 모델을 설계하고 조직의 영역별 성능 점수를 계산한다. 계산된 영역별 성능 점수와 모든 스테이크 홀더들(조직의 최고 경영자(CEO), 중간 관리자, 개발자, 투자가, 고객)로부터 받아낸 비전 가중치를 통합하여 보정된 값을 구한다. 이를 통해 개선을 위한 경로(Route for Improvement)를 제시하고 최적화된 개선 방법을 제공한다. 기존 소프트웨어 프로세스 개선 방법은 '프로세스 구분'에큰 뛰어난 효과를 보였으나, 프로세스를 프로젝트에 대응시켜서 전략을 수립하고 조직적으로 관리하는 구조적 기능이 미비하였다. 이러한 문제점에 대하여 본 논문에서 제시한 OT 모델은 해결책을 제시해 주고 있다. OT 모델의 효과는 조직의 목표에 맞게 최적화된 개선 방법을 제공하는 것이고, 제공된 방법을 사용하여 수행할 경우 프로젝트를 개선할 때 생기는 리스크를 감소시킬 수 있다는 점이다. 또한, 정성적인 설문서를 통해 모든 스테이크 홀더들에게 중요도를 입력받아 계산되었으므로, 개선 방법에 대한 만족도를 높여 줄 수 있다. OT 활용에 의해서 품질, 납기, 공정, 재사용을 조정하여 시장 확장과 재무성과를 최적화시킬 수 있다. Today, IT organizations perform projects with vision related to marketing and financial profit. The objective of realizing the vision is to improve the project performing ability in terms of QCD. Organizations have made a lot of efforts to achieve this objective through process improvement. Large companies such as IBM, Ford, and GE have made over $80\%$ of success through business process re-engineering using information technology instead of business improvement effect by computers. It is important to collect, analyze and manage the data on performed projects to achieve the objective, but quantitative measurement is difficult as software is invisible and the effect and efficiency caused by process change are not visibly identified. Therefore, it is not easy to extract the strategy of improvement. This paper measures and analyzes the project performance, focusing on organizations' external effectiveness and internal efficiency (Qualify, Delivery, Cycle time, and Waste). Based on the measured project performance scores, an OT (Opportunity Tree) model was designed for optimizing the project performance. The process of design is as follows. First, meta data are derived from projects and analyzed by quantitative GQM(Goal-Question-Metric) questionnaire. Then, the project performance model is designed with the data obtained from the quantitative GQM questionnaire and organization's performance score for each area is calculated. The value is revised by integrating the measured scores by area vision weights from all stakeholders (CEO, middle-class managers, developer, investor, and custom). Through this, routes for improvement are presented and an optimized improvement method is suggested. Existing methods to improve software process have been highly effective in division of processes' but somewhat unsatisfactory in structural function to develop and systemically manage strategies by applying the processes to Projects. The proposed OT model provides a solution to this problem. The OT model is useful to provide an optimal improvement method in line with organization's goals and can reduce risks which may occur in the course of improving process if it is applied with proposed methods. In addition, satisfaction about the improvement strategy can be improved by obtaining input about vision weight from all stakeholders through the qualitative questionnaire and by reflecting it to the calculation. The OT is also useful to optimize the expansion of market and financial performance by controlling the ability of Quality, Delivery, Cycle time, and Waste.

뉴튼유체 및 비뉴튼 유체중에서의 섬유집단의 운동특성에 관한 연구 -정지상태의 수중 및 고분자 유체중에서의 연속낙하거동 비교-

송기원,Song, Ki-Won 한국섬유공학회 1996 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.33 No.7

In order to clarify the motion of fibers in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, the free falling behavior of a group of cylindrical slender bodies was experimentally investigated in stationary water and polymeric fluids by means of continuous photographing technique using a motor drive-equipped camera, and an analysis method was developed to evaluate the actual motion of the slender bodies. In this paper, interferential effect between the bodies on the falling behavior was reported in detail. Furthermore, the difference between the motion in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids was interpreted by comparing the results in water and polymeric fluids. Main findings obtained from this study can be summarized as follows : (1) In whatever fluid, water or polymeric fluids, the slender bodies perform an interferential motion with changing momentarily their mutual attitudes. (2) In water, no slender body behaves independently free from the interference of other bodies, and the pattern approaching to a horizontal direction with damped oscillation takes place frequently. (3) In polymeric fluids, most of the slender bodies show an independent falling behavior at the beginning of their motion. However, the degree of interference between the bodies becomes greatly increased as the motion is continued. (4) In the more concentrated polymer solutions, interferential effect decreases because the flow region occurring due to the motion of the slender bodies becomes smaller.

고추의 광합성 특성에 관한 연구

송기원(Song Ki Won) 한국원예학회 1975 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.16 No.2

관측 불가능한 바이어스가 있는 시스템의 칼만필터 추정특성

송기원(Ki Won Song),이상정(Sang Jeong Lee) 제어로봇시스템학회 2001 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.10

오일러각 정합방식의 전달정렬 칼만필터 설계

송기원(Ki Won Song),이상정(Sang Jeong Lee) 제어로봇시스템학회 2001 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.12

LonWorks / IP 가상 디바이스 네트워크에서의 분산감시 및 제어

송기원(Ki Won Song),김종휘(Jong Hwi Kim),최기상(Gi Sang Choi) 서울시립대학교 정보기술연구소 2002 정보기술연구소 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

속도 및 쿼터니언 부분 정합방식에 의한 전달정렬 알고리즘

송기원(Ki Won Song),전창배(Chang Bae Jeon),유준(Joon Lyou) 제어로봇시스템학회 1997 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.3 No.3

국부수평 스트랩다운 관성항법 속도 및 자세의 3 샘플 알고리즘

송기원(Ki Won Song),이상정(Sang Jeong Lee) 제어로봇시스템학회 2000 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.6 No.3

Framework for quantitative S/W Development Performance Measurement and Analysis in Semiconductor Industry

송기원(Song, Ki-Won),김진수(Kim, Jin-Su) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.1

본 논문은 반도체 사업의 하나인 SoC에서 소프트웨어의 특성을 바탕으로 정량적인 소프트웨어 개발 능력을 측정하고 분석하기 위한 프레임워크를 제시한다. 본 논문에서는 이론적 모델(능력 피라미드) 뿐만아니라 SoC 임베디드 소프트웨어의 특성에 기반을 둔 측정 모델을 제안한다. 정량적인 소프트웨어 개발 능력 측정은 단지 지표를 수집하는 것만이 아니라 수집된 지표의 품질, 비용, 납기(QCD)를 분석하는데, 외부적으로는 프로그래머가 고객의 요구를 만족하는 소프트웨어를 개발할 수 있게 해주고, 내부적으로는 가시적인 생산성의 증가로 좀 더 효율적인 소프트웨어 개발이 가능하게 해준다. 제안된 프레임워크를 사용하여, 논문에서는 정량적으로 임베디드 소프트웨어 개발 능력을 측정한다. This paper presents a framework for quantitative software development performance measurement and analysis based on characteristics of software in System on Chip (SoC) industry, one of the semiconductor businesses. In this paper, we propose a measurement model based on not only theoretical model (Performance Pyramid) but also characteristics of SoC embedded software. Quantitative software development performance measurement is not just collecting indicators but analyzing quality, cost, and delivery (QCD) of collected indicators. Externally, it is possible for programmers to develop software meeting customers’ needs. Internally, more efficient software development can be possible through the visible productivity increase. Using the proposed framework, the paper quantitatively measures embedded software development performance.

폴리에틸렌옥사이드 수용액의 동적 점탄성

송기원(Ki Won Song),배준웅(Jun Woong Bae),장갑식(Gap Shik Chang),노동현(Dong Hyun Noh),박영훈(Yung Hoon Park),이치호(Chi Ho Lee) 한국약제학회 1999 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.29 No.4

Using a Rheometrics Fluids Spectrometer (RFS II), the dynamic viscoelastic properties of aqueous poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) solutions in small amplitude oscillatory shear flow fields have been measured over a wide range of angular frequencies. The angular frequency dependence of the storage and loss moduli at various molecular weights and concentrations was reported in detail, and the result was interpreted using the concept of a Deborah number De. In addition, the experimentally determined critical angular frequency at which the storage and loss moduli become equivalent was compared with the calculated characteristic time (or its inverse value), and their physical significance in analyzing the dynamic viscoelastic behavior was discussed. Finally, the relationship between steady shear flow and dynamic viscoelstic properties was examined by evaluating the applicability of some proposed models that describe the correlations between steady flow viscosity and dynamic viscosity, dynamic fluidity, and complex viscosity. Main results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows : (1) At lower angular frequencies where De<1, the loss modulus is larger than the storage modulus. However, such a relation between the two moduli is reversed at higher angular frequencies where De>1, indicating that the elastic behavior becomes dominant to the viscous behavior at frequency range higher than a critical angular-frequency. (2) A critical angular frequency is decreased as an increase in concentration and/or molecular weight. Both the viscous and elastic properties show a stronger dependence on the molecular weight than on the concentration. (3) A characteristic time is increased with increasing concentration and/or molecular weight. The power-law relationship holds between the inverse value of a characteristic time and a critical angular frequency. (4) Among the previously proposed models, the Cox-Merz rule implying the equivalence between the steady flow viscosity and the magnitude of the complex viscosity has the best validity. The Osaki relation can be regarded to some extent as a suitable model. However, the DeWitt, Pao and Huseby-Blyler models are not applicable to describe the correlations between steady shear flow and dynamic viscoelastic properties.