방사광 X-선으로 찰영한 갑상선 조직 영상

봉진구,황정연<SUP>1<.SUP>,박성환,Jin Gu Bong,M.D.,Jung Yun Huang,Ph.D.<SUP>1<.SUP> and Sung Hwan Park,M.D. 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2010 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.10 No.1

Purpose: X-ray microscopy with synchrotron radiation will soon be a useful tool for innovative x-ray imaging in clinical and laboratory settings. It enables us to observe the detailed internal structure of human tissue samples with great magnification power and excellent resolution. So, it has the possibility to be used for the clinical and research purposes to investigate thyroid diseases if it can effectively evaluate the various conditions of thyroid tissue. To determine the relation with their optical microscopic features, we compared the synchrotron X-ray images of unstained normal and thyroid cancer tissue samples with the histopathologic findings of their adjacent, stained thyroid tissue sections. Methods: An x-ray microscope was installed on a 1B2 beamline with a Pohang Light Source, which is a 3rd generation synchrotron radiation facility with an operating energy of 2.5 GeV at Pohang, Korea. The x-ray energy was set at 11.1 keV and the x-ray beam was monochromatized using a W/B4C monochromator. Formalin-fixed 10Ռm-thick female thyroid tissues from normal cases and carcinoma cases were attached on Kapton film for the imaging. The sample was positioned 25 m away from the beam source. The x-ray image of the sample was converted into a visual image on the CsI (TI) scintillation crystal, and it was magnified 20 times by the microscopic objective lens. After an additional 10 times digital magnification, this visual image was captured by a full frame CCD camera. Results: The monochromated x-ray microscopic images of the female thyroid tissues of the normal cases and carcinoma cases were obtained with good resolution. These synchrotron images showed the normal follicular structures in the normal thyroid tissue sections and the characteristic severe stromal fibrosis with collagen fiber accumulation in the cancer tissue sections. Conclusion: Owing to the great magnification and excellent resolution, the synchrotron x-ray microscopic images of the normal and cancerous thyroid tissues showed good correspondence with the histopathologic findings of their adjacent, stained tissue sections. So, the x-ray microscopic imaging of thyoid tissue using synchrotron radiation has good potential for use in various clinical and research settings in the future. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2010;10: 19-23)

위암 환자에 있어서 p53 유전자 돌연변이, 종양 p53 단백질 과발현 및 혈청 p53 항체

봉진구,이명훈,송경은,김태봉,유완식,Bong Jin-gu,Lee Myung-Hoon,Song Kyung-Eun,Kim Taebong,Yu Wansik 대한위암학회 2003 대한위암학회지 Vol.3 No.4

Purpose: The clinical implication of p53 mutation in gastric cancer is still unclear, as shown by the discordant results that continue to be reported in the literature. Materials and Methods: To assess p53 gene mutation, tumor p53 overexpression, and serum anti-p53 antibody, we employed a polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis, an immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody DO-7, and an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results: Of 169 surgical specimens of gastric cancer, mutation at exon $5\∼8$ of the p53 was identified in 33 ($19.5\%$) and was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of p53 was found in 62 specimens ($36.7\%$) and had a significant correlation with tumor differentiation. Serum anti-p53 antibody was positive in 18 patients ($10.7\%$). Twenty-three of the mutated tumors ($69.7\%$) and 39 of the non-mutated tumors ($28.7\%$) displayed immunoreactivity. Twelve of the immunopositive tumors ($19.4\%$) and 6 of the immunonegative tumors produced anti-p53 antibody. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.001 and P=0.005, respectively). There was no significant difference in survival according to the mutation of p53. Conclusion: Mutation and overexpression of p53 can be easily detected by immunohistochemistry. However, standardization of the immunohistochemical staining method, as well as guidelines for interpreting the stained result, will produce concordant results and thereby improve clinical application.

각종 종양표지자를 이용한 위암의 병기진단

봉진구(Jin Gu Bong),유완식(Wan Sik Yu),황일우(Il Woo Whang) 대한소화기학회 1994 대한소화기학회지 Vol.26 No.6

N/A The serum concentrations of AFP, CEA, CA19 9 and CA125 were measured in sera of 401 patients with histologically proven gastric cancer, who were managed at the Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 1991 to July 1993 to evaluate the clinical significance of these tumor markers in diagnosis and staging of gastric cancer. The percentages of patients whose serum samples were positive for AFP, CEA, CA19 9, and CA125 were 13.7%, 31.8%, 21.6%, and 13.6%, respectively. Positive rates of tumor markers were significantly increased with the depth of tumor invasion(CEA and CA19 9), the tumor size or ulcer size(CA19 9), the lymph node metastasis(CEA and CA19 9), and the TNM stage (AFP, CEA, CA19 9, CA125). The specificity of AFP, CEA, CA19 9, and CA125 in detecting nodal metastasis was 90.5%, 76.9%, 89.5%, and 84.6%, in detecting hepatic me- tastasis was 86.6%, 69.3%, 78.6%, and 86.9%, in detecting peritoneal seeding was 87.3%, 69.6%, 81.1%, and 89.2%, and in detecting distant metastasis was 87.6%, 71.7%, 82.1%, and 88.3%, respectively. The combined analysis of these tumor markers was more sensitive than single analysis. The combined analysis of CEA and CA19 9 revealed higher positive rate than other combinations, and the positive rate of this combination and combined analysis of four markers were signifi- cantly increased with the depth of tumor invasion, the tumor size, the nodal involvement, the distant metastasis, and the TNM stage. Because of the low sensitivity, measurement of these tumor markers in patients serum cannot provide information for diagnosis of gastric cancer. But because of significant correlation of high serum concentration of these tumor markers and distant metastasis of gastric cancer, this can provide information about the operability and the prognosis of the patients with gastric cancer.(Korean J Gastroenterol 1994; 26: 899-906)

유근피로부터 분리한 hederagenin 3-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-a-L-arabinopyranoside (HDL)의 항산화 효과

Jin-Gu Bong(봉진구),Yoon-yub Park(박윤엽) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구는 유근피(root bark of Ulmus davidiana)에서 분리한 화합물인 hederagenin 3-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-a-L-arabinopyranoside (HDL)을 이용하여 CoCl₂에 의해 생성된 ROS에 대한 항산화 기전을 밝히기 위하여, ROS 생성과 관련된 산화 효소 및 항산화 효소에 대한 저해효과를 조사하였다. 또한 HDL이 CoCl₂에 의해 생성된 ROS의 조절을 통해 산화적 스트레스와 관련된 단백질 발현 및 세포주기에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과 HDL은 CoCl₂에 의해 유발된 xanthine oxidase와 H₂O₂ 생성 증가를 억제하였고, 산화와 관련된 SOD, CAT의 활성을 증가시켜 H₂O₂의 가수분해를 촉진하였다. 그리고 HDL은 CoCl₂에 의해 유발된 ferritin의 손상과 ferritin iron의 방출을 억제하였으며, 지질과산화의 증가를 억제하였다. 뿐만 아니라 HDL은 CoCl₂에 의해 증가된 G1 phase의 세포를 감소시켰으며, 세포주기와 관련된 p53 및 p21<SUP>CIP1/WAF1</SUP>의 발현을 감소시켰다. 이러한 연구결과들은 HDL이 천연물로부터 유래한 독성이 없는 항산화제로서의 가능성을 제시한다. We investigated the antioxidant effects of hederagenin 3-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-a-L-arabinopyranoside (HDL) isolated from root bark of Ulmus davidiana on the activity of enzymes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells. Cobalt chloride (CoCl₂), a transition metal, was used as an inducer of oxidative stress, generating hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) via increasing xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. The increased levels of H₂O₂, XO, ferritin, and ferritin iron by CoCl₂ were diminished effectively by co-treatment with HDL in U2OS cells. Furthermore, decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) by CoCl2 were highly increased by co-treatment with HDL in U2OS cells; however, the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) did not change. The increased contents of TBARS related to lipid peroxidation were significantly reduced by HDL in U2OS cells. The concentration of GSH changed in a pattern that went against regulated TBARS by CoCl₂ and HDL. We examined the expression of p53, p21<SUP>CIP1/WAF1</SUP>, and p27<SUP>KIP1</SUP> proteins related to oxidative stress and cell cycle regulation. As a result, the expression of p27KIP1 modulated by CoCl₂ was not changed by HDL. However, the expression of p53 and p21<SUP>CIP1/WAF</SUP> increased by CoCl₂ was reduced by HDL in U2OS cells. Together with alteration of p53 and p21<SUP>CIP1/WAF1</SUP> proteins, the accumulated cells at G1 phase by CoCl₂ was decreased by HDL in U2OS cells. Our data suggests that HDL inhibits CoCl₂-generated ROS in U2OS cells, providing potentially new antioxidant compounds that are isolated from natural products.

Synchrotron Radiation Imaging of Breast Tissue Using a Phase-contrast Hard X-ray Microscope

정영주,봉진구,박성환,Jeong, Young-Ju,Bong, Jin-Gu,Park, Sung-Hwan Korean Society of Medical Physics 2011 의학물리 Vol.22 No.3

Synchrotron radiation (SR) imaging enables us to observe internal structures of biologic samples without staining. In this study, we obtained X-ray microscopic images of human breast tissues with 11.1 KeV hard X-ray microscope of the Pohang light source and used zone plates and phase-contrast technique to get high resolution X-ray images. Hard X-ray microscopic images of fibrocystic change and breast cancer tissues with a spatial resolution of 60 nm were obtained and from these images, we could observe the micro-structures of human breast tissue. Also we analyzed and compared these images, which revealed distinct features of each condition. In conclusion, SR imaging with phase-contrast hard X-ray microscope for medical application, especially in breast disease can give some useful information for clinical research. 방사광 영상은 내부가 보이지 않는 생물학적 검체의 구조를 관찰하는데 사용될 수 있으며, 조직의 고정이나 염색없이 비침습적으로 조직의 미세 구조를 관찰하는데 유용하다. 본 연구에서는 포항방사광가속기의 1B2 빔라인에서 개발한 경엑스선(hard X-ray) 현미경을 이용하여 11.1 KeV의 에너지에서 인간 유방 조직의 현미경적 영상을 얻고자 하였으며, 고해상도의 영상을 얻기 위해 동심원 회전판(zone plate)과 위상차 영상기법을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 경 엑스선 현미경을 이용하여 유방 섬유낭성변화와 유방암 조직의 방사광 미세 영상을 얻었으며, 이들 영상의 공간 해상도는 60 nm로 각각의 유방 조직의 미세 구조를 관찰하기에 충분하였다. 또한 방사광 미세 영상과 기존의 유방촬영 영상을 비교하였을 때, 방사광 미세 영상에서 각 조직의 특징적인 형태학적 변화가 더 뚜렷하게 나타나는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 경엑스선 위상차 현미경을 이용한 방사광 영상은 유방 질환의 진단에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 임상적으로나 여러 연구 목적으로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

경부 갑상선의 유두상 미세암과 동반된 원발성 이소성 종격동내 갑상선종

홍사민,봉진구,방정현<SUP>1<.SUP>,신미정<SUP>2<.SUP>,김현옥<SUP>3<.SUP>,Sa Min Hong,M.D.,Jin Gu Bong,M.D.,Cheong Hyun Bang,M.D.<SUP>1<.SUP>,Mi Jeong Shin,M.D.<SUP>2<.SUP> and Hyun Ok Kim,M.D.<SUP>3<.SUP> 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2006 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.6 No.1

True primary mediastinal ectopic goiters are quite rare, and they occur in less than 1% of all goiters. We report here on a case in which a primary mediastinal ectopic goiter was accompanied with papillary microcarcinoma of the cervical thyroid. The mediastinal ectopic goiter was not connected to the cervical thyroid and its blood was supplied from intrathoracic vessels, which necessitated a thoracotomy or sternotomy for removal rather than a standard cervical collar incision. We performed total thyroidectomy for the papillary microcarcinoma of the cervical thyroid gland and transsternal removal for the mediastinal goiter; this resulted in a favorable outcome. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2006;6:50-54)

호흡부전 환자에서 성공적인 인공호흡기 제거를 위한 영양공급

정성엽(Seong Yeob Jeong),봉진구(Jin Gu Bong),이윤식(Yun Sik Lee),박진현(Jin Hyun Park) 대한외과학회 2001 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.61 No.2

화상 창상 감염

김도완(Do Wan Kim),봉진구(Jin Gu Bong),정재한(Jae Han Jeong),이윤식(Yoon Sik Lee),박진현(Jin Hyun Park),이병철(Byung Cheol Lee) 대한외과학회 2001 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.61 No.2

소장 절제술: 합병증 발생의 위험인자

백철현(Chul Hyun Baek),봉진구(Jin Gu Bong),이윤식(Yun Sik Lee),박진현(Jin Hyun Park),이병철(Byung Chul Lee) 대한외과학회 2000 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.59 No.1

유주비장을 동반한 급성 위염전 1 예

정성엽(Seong Yeob Jung),봉진구(Jin Gu Bong),박진현(Jin Hyun Park),박효용(Hyo Yong Park) 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.5

Although rare in childhood, gastric volvulus and wandering spleen share a common etiology, congenital absense of interperitoneal visceral attachments. Wandering spleen and gastric volvulus were diagnosed in a 5-year-old girl who presented with acute upper abdominal pain, abdominal distension and non-bilious vomiting. Intraoperatively, normal ligamentous connections between the stomach, spleen, and posterior abdominal wall were not found. Partial gastrectomy and gastropexy were performed. We experienced a case of acute mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus with wandering spleen. Therefore, we report this case with a brief review of literature. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2001;38:366-370)