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황-요오드 열화학 수소체조 공정에서 2 액상 정체 특성
이광진(Lee, Kwang-Jin),차광서(Cha, Kwang-Seo),강영한(Kang, Young-Han),박주식(Park, Chu-Sik),배기광(Bae, Ki-Kwang),김영호(Kim, Young-Ho) 한국신재생에너지학회 2007 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.06
The objective of this work was to study the properties of purification of two liquid phase for exclusion of impurities in each phase. The experiments for process variables were carried out in the temperature range(H_{2}SO_{4} phase: 413{sim}513 K, HI_{x} phase: 353{sim}453 K) and in the N_{2} flow rate range(H_{2}SO_{4}, HI_{x} phase: 50{sim}200 mL/min). As the results, it is appeared that the principles of H_{2}SO_{4} phase purification was due to stripping, evaporation and reverse bunsen reaction and HI_{x} phase purification was due to stripping and reverse bunsen reaction. In purification of H_{2}SO_{4} phase, the concentration rate of H_{2}SO_{4} phase was controled by temperature but the temperature had few effects on yield of H_{2}SO_{4}. In purification of HI_{x} phase, we observed products of side reactions(H_{2}S, S) over 433 K. The purity of HI_{x} phase was increased with increasing N_{2} flow rate because impurites were decreased with increasing conversion of reverse reaction.
박주식,김종원,배기광,정성욱,강경수,PARK, CHU SIK,KIM, JONG WON,BAE, KI KWANG,JEONG, SEONG UK,KANG, KYOUNG SOO 한국수소및신에너지학회 2018 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.29 No.3
Metal hydride based hydrogen storage under moderate temperature and pressure gives the safety advantage over the gas and liquid storage methods. Still solid-state hydrogen storage including metal hydride is below the DOE target level for automotive applications, but it can be adapted to stationary or miliary application reasonably. In order to develop a modular solid state hydrogen storage system that can be applied to a distributed power supply system composed of renewable energy - water electrolysis - fuel cell, the heat transfer and hydrogen storage characteristics of the metal hydride necessary for the module system design were investigated using AB5 type metal hydride, LCN2 ($La_{0.9}Ce_{0.1}Ni_5$). The planetary high energy mill (PHEM) treatment of LCN2 confirmed the initial hydrogen storage activation and hydrogen storage capacity through surface modification of LCN2 material. Expanded natural graphite (ENG) addition to LCN2, and compression molding at 500 atm improved the thermal conductivity of the solid hydrogen storage material.
고온 수전해 전해질 막의 제막조건에 따른 미세구조 분석
최호상,손효석,황갑진,배기광,Choi, Ho-Sang,Son, Hyo-Seok,Hwang, Gab-Jin,Bae, Ki-Kwang 한국수소및신에너지학회 2006 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.17 No.2
This study was carried out to analyze the microstructure characteristics of electrolyte membrane through XRD, SEM and AC impedance measurement for using in high temperature steam electrolysis(HTE). It was investigated that thermal stability and electric characteristics by sintering condition using dry and wet process, and confirmed growth of particle and density change by sintering temperature. The sintering temperature and behavior had an effect on the relative density of the ceramic and the average grain size. The more amount of dispersant in organic compound increase, the more the density increased. But the binder was shown opposite phenomenon. It was analyzed that electrolyte resistance and electrical characteristics using AC impedance. The electrical properties of YSZ grain boundary changed with the sintering temperature.
정인하,박희성,문제선,임성팔,배기광,Jung, In Ha,Park, Hee Seoung,Moon, Je Sun,Yim, Sung Paal,Bae, Ki Kwang 한국공업화학회 1999 공업화학 Vol.10 No.1
모의폐액으로 제조한 50 ppm의 코발트이온을 sodium lauryl sulfate의 계면활성제를 사용하여 침전부상법으로 제거하였다. 침전부상으로 코발트 이온을 제거하기 전에 35% $H_2O_2$를 모의폐액에 첨가하여 폐액의 전처리 과정을 도입하였다. 그 결과 최적 pH 및 처리후 잔존용액의 pH가 낮아졌고, 넓은 범위의 pH에서 높은 제거율을 나타내었다. 초기 코발트 이온농도, pH, 계면활성제 농도, 제거시간, 공급기체 유속, 외부이온 농도 등을 변수로 하여 실험한 결과, 초기 코발트 이온농도 50 ppm, pH 9.5, 공급기체 유속 70 mL/min, 제거시간 30분 등의 조건에서 99.8%의 제거율을 나타내었다. 침전물과 계면활성제의 흡착은 zeta potential 뿐만 아니라 침전물의 용해도 및 pH에 따라 변화하는 화학종과의 친화력과도 관계가 되는 것으로 추축되었다. 외부 이온으로서 $NO_3{^-}$, ${SO_4}^{-2}$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{+2}$를 첨가하여 그 영향을 관찰하였으며, ${SO_4}^{-2}$가 0.1 M 함유된 cobalt 용액을 침전부상법으로 처리한 결과 zeta potential의 감소 및 침전방해 등의 이유로 제거효율은 90%를 나타내었다. Simulated liquid waste containing 50 ppm cobalt ion was treated by precipitate flotation using the surfactant of sodium lauryl sulfate. The effects of initial cobalt ion concentration, pH, surfactant concentration, removal time, gas flow rate and foreign ions were estimated on removal efficiency. 35% $H_2O_2$ was added for pre-treatment stage before precipitate flotation. As the result of pre-treatment, optimum removal pH and the pH of treated water being discharged were lowed and optimum removal pH range was broadened. For the result of this experiment, 99.8% removal efficiency was obtained at the condition of 50ppm of initial cobalt ion concentration, pH 9.5, 70 mL/min of gas flow rate, and 30 min of removal time. Attraction between precipitate and surfactant was supposed to be influenced by solubility and chemical affinity among species in sloution as well as zeta potential. The influence of foreign ions such as, $NO_3{^-}$, ${SO_4}^{-2}$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{+2}$ on the removal efficiency was also observed. Removal efficiency by precipitate flotation containing 0.1 M of ${SO_4}^{-2}$ ion decreased to 90% due to the decrease of zeta potential and interruption of precipitation.
IS 프로세스의 HI 분해반응공정을 위한 전해 - 전기투석(EED) HI 농축
홍성대,김정근,이상호,최상일,배기광,황갑진,Hong, Seong-Dae,Kim, Jeong-Geun,Lee, Sang-Ho,Choi, Sang-Il,Bae, Ki-Kwang,Hwang, Gab-Jin 한국수소및신에너지학회 2006 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.17 No.2
An experimental study on Electro-electrodialysis (EED) for IS (Iodine-Sulfur) process which is well known as hydrogen production system was carried out for the HI concentration from HIx (HI: $H_2O$ : $I_2$ = 1 : 5 : 1) solution. The polymer electrolyte membrane and the activated carbon cloth were adopted as a cation exchange membrane and electrode, respectively. In order to evaluate the temperature effect about HI concentration in fixed molar ratio, three case of temperature were selected to $60^{\circ}C$, $90^{\circ}C$ and $120^{\circ}C$. The electro-osmosis coefficient and transport number of proton have been changed from 1.95 to 1.21 (mol/Faraday) and 0.91 to 0.76, respectively as temperature increase from $60^{\circ}C$ to $120^{\circ}C$. It can be realized that the HI mole fraction in final stage of EED experiments already over the quasi-azeotrope composition.
산-염기형 PEEK와 PSf를 이용한 고체 고분자전해질 복합막의 가교화
장인영,장두영,권오환,김경언,황갑진,심규성,배기광,강안수,Jang, In-Young,Jang, Doo-Young,Kwon, Oh-Hwan,Kim, Kyoung-Eon,Hwang, Gab-Jin,Sim, Kyu-Sung,Bae, Ki-Kwang,Kang, An-Soo 한국수소및신에너지학회 2006 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.17 No.2
Hydrogen as new energy sources is highly efficient and have very low environmental emissions. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an emerging technology that can meet these demands. Therefore, the preparation of stable polymeric membranes with good proton conductivity and durability are very important for hydrogen production via water electrolysis with PEM at medium temperature above $80^{\circ}C$. Currently Nafion of Dupont and Aciflex of Asahi, etc., solid polymer electrolytes of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane, are the best performing commercially available polymer electrolytes. However, these membrane have several flaws including its high cost, and its limited operational temperature above $80^{\circ}C$. Because of this, significant research efforts have been devoted to the development of newer and cheaper membranes. In order to make up for the weak points and to improve the mechanical characteristics with cross -linking, acid-base complexes were prepared by the combination PSf-co-PPSS-$NH_2$ with PEEK-$SO_3H$. The results showed that the proton conductivity decreased in 17.6% and 40% but tensile strength increased in 78% and 98%, about $20.65\;{\times}\;10^6N/m^2$, in comparison with SBPSf/HPA and SPEEK/HPA complex membrane.
매체 순환식 수소제조공정에 적합한 Fe2O3/ZrO2 산소전달입자에 구리 산화물 첨가가 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
이준규 ( Jun Kyu Lee ),김초균 ( Cho Gyun Kim ),배기광 ( Ki Kwang Bae ),박주식 ( Chu Sik Park ),강경수 ( Kyoung Soo Kang ),정성욱 ( Seong Uk Jeong ),김영호 ( Young Ho Kim ),주종훈 ( Jong Hoon Joo ),조원철 ( Won Chul Cho ) 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.54 No.3
매체 순환식 수소제조공정은 직접 고순도의 수소를 생산하는 동시에 CO2 포집 비용을 최소화할 수 있는 고효율/친환경적인 공정이다. 본 공정은 레독스 반응을 통하여 산소를 전달하고 이때 철 산화물계 산소전달입자를 이용하게 된다. 구리 산화물이 첨가된 철-구리 산화물계 산소전달입자는 반응성 향상이 보고되어 왔으나 철 산화물과 구리 산화물간 상호작용에 대한 이해가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 여러 기기 분석법(SEM/EDX, XRD, BET, TPR, XPS, TGA)을 통하여 철-구리 산화물계 산소전달입자의 레독스 반응성 향상을 지배하는 주요인을 연구하였다. 첨가된 구리산화물은 철 산화물 성장 억제제 역할 뿐만 아니라 화학적 환경 변화를 일으키는 화학적 촉매제(chemical promoter)역할도 하는 것이 발견되었다. 철-구리 산화물계 산소전달입자의 우수한 환원 반응성은 구리 산화물의 도입으로 Fe2+농도 증가 및 표면 특성 변화 때문이며, 우수한 물분해 특성은 산화 과정에서 일어나는 철 산화물의 응집을 구리 산화물이 억제시킨 것으로 판단되었다. H2 production by chemical looping is an efficient method to convert hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen with the simultaneous capture of concentrated CO2. This process involves the use of an iron based oxygen carrier that transfers pure oxygen from oxidizing gases to fuels by alternating reduction and oxidation (redox) reactions. The enhanced reactivities of copper oxide doped iron-based oxygen carrier were reported, however, the fundamental understandings on the interaction between Fe2O3 and CuO are still lacking. In this study, we studied the effect of dopant of CuO to Fe2O3/ ZrO2 particle on the morphological changes and the associated reactivity using various methods such as SEM/EDX, XRD, BET, TPR, XPS, and TGA. It was found that copper oxide acted as a chemical promoter that change chemical environment in the iron based oxygen carrier as well as a structural promoter which inhibit the agglomeration. The enhanced reduction reactivity was mainly ascribed to the increase in concentration of Fe2+ on the surface, resulting in formation of charge imbalance and oxygen vacancies. The CuO doped Fe2O3/ZrO2 particle also showed the improved reactivity in the steam oxidation compared to Fe2O3/ZrO2 particle probably due to acting as a structural promoter inhibiting the agglomeration of iron species.
열화학적 수소제조 IS 프로세스의 효율향상을 위한 전해-전기투석의 실험적 평가
홍성대(Hong, Seong-Dae),김정근(Kim, Jeong-Geun),이상호(Lee, Sang-Ho),최상일(Choi, Sang-Il),배기광(Bae, Ki-Kwang),황갑진(Hwang, Gab-Jin) 한국신재생에너지학회 2006 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.06
Electro-electrodialysis (EED) experiments were carried out for the HI concentration from HIx (HI-H₂O-I₂) solution to improve the Hl decomposition reaction in the thermochemical water-splitting is (iodine-Sulfur) process. EED cell is composed of the collector electrode and electrolyte. Nafion 117 which was cation exchange membrane used as an electrolyte, and the activated carbon cloth used as an electrode. The HI concentration experiment was carried out using the HIx solution and molar ratio of the I₂ were varied from 1 to 3 mole. The cell voltages were decreased as temperature increase. And, membrane properties such as transport number of proton and electro-osmosis coefficient were decreased as temperature increase