자기펄스압축성형장치를 이용한 대면적 지르코니아 덴탈블록 제조 연구

박효영,김효섭,홍순직,Park, Hyo-Young,Kim, Hyo-Seob,Hong, Soon-Jik 한국분말야금학회 2012 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.19 No.5

Sintered bulks of $ZrO_2$ nanopowders were fabricated by magnetic pulsed compaction (MPC) and subsequent two-step sintering employed in this study and the formability effects of nanopowder on mixing condition, pressure and sintering temperature were investigated. The addition of PVA induced and increase in the formability of the sintered bulk. But cracked bulks were obtained on sintering with addition of over 10 wt% PVA due to generation of crack during sintering. The optimum compaction pressure during MPC was 1.0 GPa and mixing conditions included using 5.0 wt% PVA. The optimum processing condition included MPC process, followed by two-step sintering (first at 1000 and then at $1450^{\circ}C$). The sintered bulks with the diameter of 30 mm under these conditions were found to have non crack, ~99% density.

지중해지역연구 : 타자의 시선: 스페인 문학에 투영된 적도기니-로페스 이달고의 『말씀의 집』을 중심으로-

박효영 ( Hyo Young Park ) 부산외국어대학교 지중해지역원 2013 지중해지역연구 Vol.15 No.2

The main objective of this paper consists of analyzing the various responses of Spanish writers about Equatorial Guinea. Since the early 20th century, Equatorial Guinea has been reflected in Spanish Literature in many ways. Some writers were only interested in the exotic landscapes or the peculiar customs of the indegenous people. Others paid special attention to the colonial system which had worked as the means of exploitation. Recently we can find a new trend in certain works which are heading for Cosmopolitanism beyond the traditional dicotomy of Colonialism and Postcolonialism. In order to carry out my objective, I chose La casa de la palabra of Jose? Antonio Lo?pez Hidalgo, published in 1995 as the main text. After introducing briefly the colonial history and the literary identity of this country, I focused on Carolina, protagonist of this novel. She was born in Equatorial Guinea and lived among the indigenous people. But the independence made her come back to Spain, her home country. Twenty years later, we can find her again as nurse, volunteer of the international cooperation. In this hot land, she meets her acquaintances like doctor Garci?a Sa?ez and Mama? Raquel, her old baby sitter to pursue the traces of her lost father, Carlos Araujo. In particular, the black old lady, Mama? Raquel, takes special care of Carolina, showing ilimited love for her and regarding her as the symbol of salvator and succesor of the Bubis. Through the analysis of this novel, I can get to the following conclusion. The writer intends to overcome the traditional dicotomy between Western modernity and African savage, colonialism and postcolonialism, domination and resistance, suggesting that the peculiar life of each indivisual is as valuable as the universal life. As Kwame Anthony Appiah suggests, every broken piece of mirror reflects a part of the truth and only one broken piece doesn`t exist in the world.

사실주의 및 자연주의 소설에 나타난 지역성 -『갈매기』와 『우요아의 대저택』을 중심으로-

박효영 ( Hyo Young Park ) 한국스페인어문학회 2005 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.36

논문 : 삐오 바로하와 반가톨릭주의

박효영 ( Hyo Young Park ) 부산외국어대학교 지중해연구소 2014 지중해지역연구 Vol.16 No.2

It is not difficult to find anti-Catholic attitude of Pio Baroja in many of his novelistic works due to the negative image formed through his childhood. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the various aspects of his anti-Catholicism, which can be found in his novels. To achieve the goals of this study, I chose the following four works in which his religious attitude is most clearly revealed: - Camino de perfeccio?n (1902) - Ce?sar o nada (1910) - La leyenda de Jaun de Alzate (1922) - El cura de Monleon (1936) To analyze his anti-Catholicism, I paid special attention to several sub-themes (religious views of Pio Baroja / Baroja as agnostic/ Catholic clergy as novelistic characters / anti-Catholicism / anti-clericalism/ Vasque traditional beliefs). With the analysis of the texts, I can come to the following conclusion: Baroja can be considered agnostic and he adheres to the scientific positivism. Therefore, he can not help showing his negative attitudes toward the Chatholic dogma or the religious rites of the Catholic church. According to his opinion, the Catholic clergy which consists of a rigid hierarchy and pyramid structure is an obstacle to the development of the country. For this reason, through his entire life, he keeps taking a negative and critical stand for Spanish Catholicism.

특수교육대상 학생들의 시지각 향상을 위한 디자인 교육 연구

박효영(HYO YOUNG PARK),홍동식(DONG SIK HONG),김성필(SUNG PIL KIM) 한국디자인학회 2023 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.5

『삼각모자』의 시간ㆍ공간 구조 분석

박효영(Park, Hyo-Young) 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2011 국제문화연구 Vol.4 No.2

Como es bien sabido, El sombrero de tres picos (1874) de Pedro Antonio de Alarcó́n es una de las obras que nacieron en la é́poca del pleno realismo de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Aunque el autor confiesa que ha terminado de escribirla en poco tiempo, no se puede negar el hecho de que la obra tiene una estructura equilibrada y perfecta para conseguir el efecto que tiene previsto el autor. Para llevar a cabo el fin deseado, el autor ordena há́bilmente el orden temporal, presentá́ndolo sucesivamente unas veces o convirtié́ndolo otras veces. Tambié́n crea un espacio bien delimitado y cerrado para conseguir el mismo fin. En este sentido, el aná́lisis de la estructura temporal nos ayudará́ entender mejor la trama compleja en que es han entrecruzado las acciones de cada personaje. El objeto fundamental de este estudio, pues, consiste en analizar la estructura espacio-temporal. Para la investigació́n propuesta he tratado los siguientes aspectos. En primer lugar, intentaré́ explicar có́mo localiza el autor el espacio y el tiempo de la obra. En segundo lugar, analizaré́ la estructura espacio-temporal dividié ndola en tres momentos bien definidos y crucialees (la tarde/la noche/la madrugada) que a su vez pueden subdividirse segú́n los lugares y los personajes. Por ú́ltimo, presentaré́ el cuadro esquematizado de la estructura temporal en relació́n con los capí́tulos. Al echar un vistazo al cuadro se entenderá́ có́mo se ordena cada capí́tulo desde el comienzo hasta el final de la obra.

적도기니의 독재와 도나토 응동고 비됴고의 탈식민주의적 글쓰기 -「폭풍의 권력」(1997)을 중심으로-

박효영 ( Hyo Young Park ) 부산외국어대학교 지중해연구소 2016 지중해지역연구 Vol.18 No.2

This study is based on Equatorial Guinean Literature which has a severe experience from the colonial domination of Spain. While Equatorial Guinea, the small country situated in the West of Africa, was independent from Spain in 1968, Equatorial Giuneans have suffered strive, poverty, oppression and tyranny under the dictatorship of the Government of Francisco Macias. After realizing the horrible realities of his country, Donato Ndongo, one of the representative postcolonial writers of Equatorial Guinea, began to prepare his second novel Los poderes de la tempestad, (1997) in order to denounce the desperate situation of his people. This essay analyzes the text with the following two topics. First, it briefly describes the colonial history of Equatorial Guinea from the seventeenth century. It also follows Donato’s postcolonial activities. He has made every effort to inform the entire world of the country’s political situation: writing articles in various newspapers and magazines giving lectures in the conferences, publishing poems, short stories, essays and novels, etc. Finally, I analyze Donato’s concrete text Los poderes de la tempestad which has his idea of writing during staying in the independent Equatorial Guinea. As he writes this novel for the political purpose, I analyzed the text from the three points of view. First of all, I try to find the various repression mechanism of the dictatorial regime-public mobilization, mutual surveillance between the residents, secret police system, individual idolization, reign of terror, illegal arrest, imprisonment and torture. This analysis gives us the clear awareness of the terrible situation in which the cultural subject has continued to be the object of the oppression in spite of the national independence. Besides, the essay pays attention to the racism such as the prejudice of the whites over the blacks; the superiority of the whites over the inferiority of the blacks, etc. Finally, I focused on the biculturalism of the black lawyer, the protagonist of the novel, who receives two different cultural heritages but cannot belong to any of them. The hope for the cultural syncretism seems to be materialized in Rut, the protagonist’s mulatto daughter.

한국에서의 스페인 문학 번역 현황

박효영 ( Hyo Young Park ) 부산외국어대학교 지중해연구소 2015 지중해지역연구 Vol.17 No.2

According to my analysis of all the materials I collected, I arrived at the following conclusions. First, even though an explosive expansion of translated literary works has been achieved in the 21st century, it has been limited to the works of some popular contemporary Spanish writers. Second, many classic works have not yet been translated, and the translation task of the classic works in the 18th century is more urgent. Third, there have been many instances in which the same book is translated by more than two translators due to a lack of academic interchange and communication.

스페인 아방가르드 문학 ( 1919-1930 )

박효영 ( Hyo Young Park ) 한국스페인어문학회 1998 스페인어문학 Vol.12 No.1

El objetivo fundamental de mi trabajo consiste en aclarar el cara′cter esencial del vanguardismo espan~ol que ha ejercido una influencia decisiva en la trayectoria literaria de los an~os veinte. Para la investigacio′n propuesta, he tratado los siguientes aspectos : los rasgos caracteri′sticos del vanguardismo espan~ol y sus dos etapas ; las actitudes comunes de los vanguardistas ; los temas vanguardistas ; las revistas vanguardistas ; la repercusio′n del superrealismo en Espan~a. A trave′s del ana′lisis de los temas planteados, puedo llegar a las siguientes conclusiones : En primer lugar, el vanguardismo espan~ol se divide en dos peri′odos distintos. La primers e′poca se caracteriza por el espi′ritu rebelde de los jo′venes contra las normal establecidas, mientras que en la segunda epos se dedican ma′s al cultivo de sus obras concretas dejando su initial acitud acometiva. En segundo lugar, a trave′s del ana′lisis de los escritos publicados en varias revistas, puedo hallar algunos credos este′ticos o algunas postural que los escritores poni′an de manifiesto con insistencia : la ruptura con el pasado ; la nueva sensibilidad ; la fidelidad a su e′poca ; el cosmopolitismo ; el concepto lu′dico del arte ; el elitismo, etc, En tercer lugar, los vanguardistas no son ajenos o insensiblies a las novedades de aquella e′poca ; el cine, la Bran ciudad, el deporte, el cabaret, el avio′n, music-hall, etc. Con ojos maravilados, epos las contemplan y las captan con estilo original e inconfundible en sus obras. En cuarto lugar, en la difusio′n del movimiento vanguardista no se puede ignorar el papel primordial de las revistas literarias. Aparte de dos revistas madrilen~as de suma importancia (Revista Occidente y la Gaceta Literaria), muchas revistas efi′meras aparecen en las provincias. Por medio de ellas, los escritores podi′an ensayar o realizar el espi′ritu vanguardista publicando sus obras o declarando sus credos este′ticos. Por u′ltimo, no se puede pasar por alto la gran repercusio′n del superrealismo en la trayectoria literaria de aquel entonces. No habra′ ninguna revista espan~ola que no haya puesto nunca atencio′n merecida a este movimiento. Aunque el superrealismo no se habi′a convertido en una escuela concreta como en el caso de Francia, muchos escritores intentaba escribir sus obras a base de las modadidades superrealistas. En resumidas cuentas nadie puede negar su huella en el a′mbito literario de aquella e′poca.

삐오 바로하의 회화적 딜레탕티즘

박효영 ( Park Hyo-young ) 부산외국어대학교 지중해연구소 2017 지중해지역연구 Vol.19 No.2

The main objective of this study consists of analyzing the pictorial dilettantism of Pio Baroja. By definition, the dilettante is someone who seems interested in a subject, especially in art, but who does not really know very much about it. In order to carry out the proposed study, I adopted a trilogy titled “City” of Pio Boroja: Cesar o nada (1910); El mundo es ansi (1912); La sensualidad pervertida (1920). This trilogy is based on principal European cities at the beginnings of the 20th century: London, Paris, Rome, Berlin, Madrid, etc. In addition to these novels, I chose Baroja`s autobiographies, essays and criticisms (El esctiror segun el y los criticos (1944); Final del siglo XIX y principios del XX (1945);Galeria de tipos de la epoca (1947)) to trace his main thoughts and opinions about the painting in general. Through the analysis of these texts, I can get to the following conclusions: First, through the long itinerary as novelist, Baroja has paid special attention to the famous Spanish painters like Velazquez, Goya, El Greco, Sorolla, Zuloaga, Surbaran, etc. However, his attitude toward these painters is always unique and subjective, regardless of the general evaluations. Second, we can meet some painters who play an important role in the development of the story in the above mentioned novels. In spite of his endless interests and curiosity for the painters, he is not generous and sympathetic to them. In many occasions, he takes a negative stand toward the painters for their lack of reality or their parasitic life. Third Baroja doesn`t forget presenting the famous museums in Europe: the Louvre of Paris, the Prado of Madrid, the Vatican of Rome and Uffizi of Florence, etc. However, these places seem not to be connected organically with the novelistic actions of each character. In other words, the visits and descriptions of each museum are not integrated completely in the novelistic plot. As time passes, Baroja`s initial thoughts don`t remain fixed but changed considerably. His interests in the picture culminate with the Impressionist paintings. Since then his interests gradually have decreased. Finally he becomes disillusioned with the Avant-Garde pictures. Baroja was not insensitive to the new and innovative Avant-Garde works. However, instead of admiring the new artistic trends, he always maintained negative attitude to them. Finally, some pictorial techniques are introduced into his novels. On describing his characters or the novelistic space, he doesn`t create them in his imagination but presents intuitively them with his acute observation. Therefore, some scenes described in his novel remind us of the Impressionist painting.