특별강연 : 생태계 내에서의 흰개미의 역할

박현철(Hyean Cheal Park) 한국토양동물학회 1996 한국토양동물학회지 Vol.1 No.2

Nutrient Content of Litter Harvested by Drepanotermes tamminensis (Hill) in Its Mounds Within a Native Reserve In the Western Australian Wheatbelt

Hyean Cheal Park(박현철),Hae Soo Shin(신해수),Hong Joo Son(손홍주),Min Kyung Park(박민경),Teck Soon Shin(신택순),In Soo Choi(최인수),Keun Ki Kim(김근기) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 서부 호주의 Durokoppin 자연 보호 구역에 서식하고 있는 흰개미에 의해 수확되어 개미집에 저장되어 있는 식물유체와 영양물질 함량을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 개미집에 저장된 식물유체의 경우 두 조사지역간의 유의적 차이는 없었으며, 개미집에 저장된 식물유체를 분류한 결과 잎과 가지 등 7가지 종류의 식물 유체로 확인되었다. 개미집 내 저장된 식물유체의 영양물질 함량은 유의적 차이는 없었지만 shrubland 보다 Woodland가 높았으며, 영양물질 총량 역시 shrubland보다 Woodland가 많았다. 연구결과를 종합해 보면 흰개미는 조사지역에서 다양한 종류의 식물유체를 수확하여 이용하고 있으며, 조사지역내 토양 유기물 함량이 적은 점을 고려할 때 생태계 영양물질 순환에 있어서 중요한 역할을 하고 있는 것으로 사료된다. This study estimated the mound litter biomass and the nutrient content of mound litter in the two study plots in Durokoppin Nature Reserve, Western Australia between 2004 and 2005. There were no significant differences in biomass of litter in individual mounds between the two study plots. Seven components of litter were found in the mounds. The nutrient concentrations were higher in the wood-land than in the shrubland plot, although the differences were not statistically tested, and the total amount of each nutrient measured was generally greater in the woodland than in the shrubland plot. The aforementioned results show that D. tamminensis harvests various plant material according to bio-mass availability. The role of this termite takes on particular importance in view of the fact that Western Australian soils are notoriously impoverished in nutrients.

보문 : 남부지방에 분포하는 흰개미인 Reticulitermes speratus kyushuenesis Morimoto ( Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae ) 의 형태적 기재

박현철(Hyean Cheal Park),배태웅(Tae Woong Bae) 한국토양동물학회 1997 한국토양동물학회지 Vol.2 No.1

보문 : 서부 호주 밀 재배지역의 흰개미(Drepanotermes tamminensis (Hill)) 서식 밀도 조사

박현철 ( Hyean Cheal Park ) 한국토양동물학회 2004 한국토양동물학회지 Vol.9 No.1,2

보문 : Reticulitermes speratus kyushuenesis Morimoto 의 장내세균 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 에 의한 Cellulose 분해 능력

박현철(Hyean Cheal Park),배태웅(Tae Woong Bae) 한국토양동물학회 1998 한국토양동물학회지 Vol.3 No.2

보문 : 흰개미 ( Reticulitermes Speratus kyushuenesis Morimoto ) 와 장내 미생물과의 공생관계

박현철(Hyean Cheal Park) 한국토양동물학회 1998 한국토양동물학회지 Vol.3 No.1

A stydy on The Biological Control of Sciarid Fly(Lycoriella sp.) Using Bacillus thuringiensis

최광호,박현철,박현우,진병래,강석권,손흥대,Choi, Kwang-Ho,Park, Hyean-Cheal,Park, Hyun-Woo,Jin, Byung-Rae,Kang, Seok-Kwon,Sohn, Hung-Dae 한국생명과학회 1996 생명과학회지 Vol.6 No.4

Thirteen subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis including B. t. israelensis, B. t. morrisoni PG-14 and B.t. darmstadoemsos known to be toxic to dipteran insects were treated on the mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) compost to estimate the biological control effect of a sciarid fly, Lycoriella sp. According to the results, it was found that there were no significant effects of the tested strains of B, thuringiensis on the control of Lycoriella sp. For further confirmation, larval gut juice of Lycoriella sp. and trypsin were respectively treated into the parasporal crystal proteins of three subspecies of B. t. israelensis, B. t. morrisoni PG-14, and B. t. darmstadiensis. The proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE. According to the results, the major parasporal crystal proteins were respectively produced by B. t. morrisoni as the amount of 52 kd, B. y. israelensis as 37kd and B. t. darmstadiensis as 39kd, but the activity of these proteins could not be unfortunately confirmed in this study.

초피첨가 전통장류의 항균 및 항암활성

김근기,박현철,손홍주,김용균,이상몽,최인수,최영환,신택순,Kim, Keun-Ki,Park, Hyean-Cheal,Son, Hong-Joo,Kim, Yong-Gyun,Lee, Sang-Mong,Choi, In-Soo,Choi, Young-Whan,Shin, Teak-Soon 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.8

초피나무(Z. piperitum) 열매는 다양한 생리활성을 갖고 있으며, 과피 용매추출물은 세균에 대한 강한 항균활성을 갖고 있어, 간장과 된장제조에 초피를 첨가하여 생리활성효과를 조사하였다. 초피를 간장제조에 1%, 2%, 4% 첨가하여 제조하고, 간장추출물을 식중독균(Sta. aureus, Sal. typhimurium, V. parahemolyticus, E. coli 0157:H7)에 대한 항균활성을 조사했다. 초피를 2% 첨가한 간장은 E. coli 0157:H7과 V. parahemolyticuS 의 생육을 각각 70%와 50% 억제했으며, Sal. typhimurium 과 Sta. aureus 에 대한 항균효과는 농도와 간장제조시기에 따라 40% ${\sim}$ 60% 의 생육을 억제했다. 초피된장의 용매추출물에서는 약한 항균활성을 확인할 수 있었다. 초피간장의 추출물을 백혈병세포 U-937에 처리하여 caspase-3 활성으로 항암활성을 조사했다. 그 결과 초피의 량을 1%, 2%, 4% 첨가한 간장의 추출물은 초피를 침가하지 않은 간장보다 caspase-3 활성이 각각 4배, 12배, 15배 활성이 증가하는 것이 확인되어졌다. 이는 초피간장의 추출물이 apoptosis를 유도하는 것을 의미하며, 된장의 용매추출물은 caspase-3 활성에 아무런 영향이 없었다. 초피간장 추출물을 처리한 세포의 죽음이 necrosis인지 apoptosis인지 알아보기 위하여 세포내의 DNA fragmentation을 확인한 결과, 초피간장 추출물을 처리한 세포는 DNA 단편화가 형성되어졌다. 초피틀 1% 첨가한 것에서는 fragmentation을 확인하기 힘들었고, 2%와 4%초피를 첨가한 간장추출물은 DNA fragmentation을 강하게 일으켰다. 초피를 첨가한 간장추출물이 caspase를 활성화시키고, DNA fragmentation을 일으키는 apoptosis 기작에 의해 암세포를 죽음으로 유도하는 초피간장의 항암효과를 입증했다. The fruits of Zanthoxylum piperitum are known as having various physiology vitality, and the abstraction ingredient of the pericarp is also known as having strong antibiotic activities against various bacteria. Therefore, this study was carried out to estimate the effect of physiology vitality when the abstraction ingredient of Z. piperitum was added in soy sauce(Chopi-kanjang) and soybean paste(Chopi-doenjang). For the antibiotic activity against the pathogens of sitotoxism such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Escherichia coli 0157:H7, the extracts of the Chopi-kanjang was added 1%, 2%, 4% pericarp of Z. piperitum in the manufacturing process of soy source. According to the results, the growth of E. coli 0157:H7 and V. parahemolyticus were respectively inhibited as 70% and 50% by the Chopi-kanjang added 2% of the ingredient. For the antibiotic effects of the aforementioned Chopi-kanjang against Sal. typhimurium and Sta. aureus, the growth of those pathogens was also inhibited between 40% and 60% according to the manufacturing period of Chopi-kanjang. It was confirmed that the antibiotic activity using the mixture of the abstraction ingredient and Chopi-doenjang was lower than those of Chopi-kanjang. In order to estimate the anticancer activity using by caspase-3 activity, the mixture of the abstraction ingredient of the pericarp of Z. piperitum and Chopi-kanjang was treated to leukemia cells. According to the results, the activities of caspase-3 using the mixture added 1%, 2% and 4% of the abstraction ingredient were respectively increased as much as 4, 12, 15 times comparing with the control which was treated with the soy source only. It could be that the mixture of the abstraction ingredient of the pericarp of Z. piperitum and soy source induced apoptosis, and the mixture of the abstraction ingredient and soybean paste had no effect on the activity of caspase-3. In order to find out the death of the aforementioned cells caused by necrosis or apoptosis, DNA fragmentation in the cell was examined. U-937 cells showed apoptotic DNA fragmentation in the incubation with Chopi-kanjang extract.

Optimal Condition to Produce Protease by Strain Separated from the Intestine of Reticulitermes speratus

Min-Kyung Park(박민경),Hong-Joo Son(손홍주),Yong-Gyun Kim(김용균),Sang-Mong Lee(이상몽),Keun-Ki Kim(김근기),Hyean-Cheal Park(박현철) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.1

국내 1종만이 분포하고 있는 흰개미(Reticulitermes speratus)의 장으로부터 protease 생성을 나타내는 균주를 분리한 후 그 중 생성이 가장 큰 1균주를 최종 선별하여 동정하고 효소생성을 위한 최적조건을 검토하였다. 형태학적, 생리학적 특성 및 16S rRNA를 조사한 결과 Serratia marcescens로 판명되었으며, S. marcescens strain TM-3215라 명명하였다. 본 균주의 효소생성 최적조건을 조사한 결과 0.8% (w/v) starch, 0.4% (w/v) peptone, 0.08% (w/v) MgSO₄?7H₂O, 30℃ 및 pH 8.0에서 가장 높은 효소생성을 나타내었다. 최적조건에서 9시간 배양 후 19.8 U/ml의 효소가 생성되었으며, 이 값은 최적화 이전 배지의 효소생성(11.2 U/ml) 보다 1.8배 높은 값이었다. We separated the bacteria showing protease activity from Reticulitermes speratus which is known as the only termite species in Korea. Then, we collected the best activated strain and studied the optimal culture condition for producing the enzyme. According to the results of observing morphological and physiological characteristics, and the type of 16S rRNA of the strain, it was identified as Serratia marcescens and named S. marcescens strain TM-3215. This strain showed the best activity under conditions of 0.8% (w/v) starch, 0.4% (w/v) peptone, 0.08% (w/v) MgSO₄?7H₂O, 30℃ and pH 8.0. After being cultivated under optimal conditions for 9 hr, the strain produced 19.8 U/ml of enzyme, an amount 1.8 times greater than the control.

포장방법에 따른 사슴고기의 냉장저장 중 이화화적 성질의 변화

신택순,이길왕,김선구,강한석,박현철,김근기,Shin, Teak-Soon,Lee, Kil-Wang,Kim, Seon-Ku,Kang, Han-Seok,Park, Hyean-Cheal,Kim, Keun-Ki 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

본 연구는 포장방법에 따른 사슴고기의 냉장저장 중 이화화적 성질의 변화에 대해 알아 보기 위하여 실시하였다. 생체중 220 $kg{\pm}10$ kg내외의 Elk 암컷 5마리를 도축하여 24시간 냉각한 후 발골하였고, 배최장근과 대퇴 근을 채취 하여 냉장온도로 25일간 유지하면서 비교 분석하였다. 보수성은 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 감소하는 경향이었고, 진공포장저장구가 보수성이 가장 낮았다. 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 TBARS가는 증가하였고, 진공포장저장구가 가장 낮은 TBARS가를 나타내었다. 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 VBN가는 증가하였고, 진공포장저 장구가 가장 낮은 VBN가를 나타내었다. pH는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였고, 진공포장한 처리구가 가장 낮았다. 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 함기포장 처리구는 증가하였으나, 진공 포장처리구와 가스치환 포장처리구는 연도가 감소하였다. 대퇴근의 밝기는 포장방법에 따른 차이가 나타나지 않았고, 배최장근은 진공포장 처리구가 함기포장 처리구와 가스치환 포장처리구보다 유의적으로 밝았다. 대체적으로 진공포장 처리구가 함기포장 처리구와 가스치환 처리구보다 적색도가 높게 나타났다. 황색도는 저장기간 경과에 따라 증가 후 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, 진공포장 처리구가 대체적으로 황색도 높았다. A total of 5 female elk deer (220 $kg{\pm}10$ kg) were included in a study on the changes in physico-chemical properties of deer meat during storage at $4^{\circ}C$. The deers were exposed to normal pre-slaughter handling and put under anesthesia before slaughtered. The loin and leg cuts were deboned from the carcass after 24hrs slaughter. The samples weighing approximately 300 g were packaged using three packaging methods : Atmospheric packaging(A), Vacuum packaging (V) and Modified atmospheric at packaging (M: 80% $CO_2$ +20% $N_2$)and stored for 3, 7, 11, 15, 20 and 25days at $4^{\circ}$. The ability of moisture maintenance tended to be decreased with the passage of storage time, and that of the meats treated with the vacuum wrapping was lower than that with other wrapping methods. TBARS values of the meats with the regardless of treatments was increased with the passage of storage time, although the values with vacuum wrapping was lowest. VBN values of the meats with the regardless of treatments was also increased with the passage of storage time, although the values with vacuum wrapping was also lowest. The pH values of the meats with the regardless of treatments was also increased with the passage of storage time, although the values with vacuum wrapping was also lowest. For the meat softness, the value of the meats treated with atmospheric packaging was increased with the passage of storage time, but the values with vacuum wrapping and modified atmospheric packaging were respectively decreased. There were no significant differences in luminosity of leg, although loin treated with vacuum wrapping was significantly brighter than that with atmospheric packaging and modified atmospheric packaging. In general, the index of red color of the meats treated with vacuum wrapping was higher than that with atmospheric packaging and modified atmospheric packaging. The index of yellow color tended to be decreased after increment for a time with the passage of storage time, although the value with vacuum wrapping was generally higher than that with other wrapping methods.