仁川 이미지 提高를 위한 都市 마케팅 戰略

朴正華(Park, Jung-Hwa) 청운대학교 관광산업연구소 2012 관광산업연구 Vol.6 No.1

As the era of local autonomy emerged, the authority and role of the city government began to expand in 1995 and the importance of a city’s competitiveness increased in today’s age of globalization. Realizing the importance of a differentiation strategy for the advancement of regional development, local governments are now actively adopting and promoting city marketing strategies for their cities. Incheon’s image is mainly associated with an international airport and an international distribution center, and its image is slowly changing into that of a high tech city. Incheon is a place where traditional and modern times coexist. While the city is rapidly turning into a place with modern city appearances with Youngjong-do’s international airport and Song-do’s development into a cosmopolitan city Jung-gu and Dong-gu, which were the origins of modern Incheon, are still left unattended and unorganized. Like Ganghwa, Incheon, a place of traditional cultures, is capable of recreating itself as a city of modernization with the help of migrated artists’ influences. Instead of insisting on a particular cultural identity, Incheon must use a differentiation strategy by specializing unique cultural backgrounds and characteristics pertinent to each distinct region. To achieve these objectives as Incheon’s city marketing strategy, Incheon should take the following steps: first, enhance a differentiation strategy from other local cities by establishing prioritizedcity marketing policies second, establish a strategy utilizing its natural resources and cultural heritages; third, seek to actively promote cultural marketing of Jung-gu’s chinatown’s events in Incheon, which is turning into a multicultural society; fourth, establish Incheon’s city marketing strategy which effectively applies cultural events and festivals.

마이크로파에 의한 Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 물질, ZIF-8의 합성

박정화,박선혜,정성화,Park, Jung-Hwa,Park, Seon-Hye,Jhung, Sung-Hwa 대한화학회 2009 대한화학회지 Vol.53 No.5

One of zeolitic imidazolate framework materials (ZIF), ZIF-8, has been synthesized with microwave irradiation and conventional electric heating at $140{\sim}180^{\circ}C}$. ZIFs are porous crystalline materials and are similar to metal organic framework (MOF) materials because both ZIFs and MOFs are composed of both organic and metallic components. ZIFs are very stable and similar to zeolites because ZIFs have tetrahedral networks. ZIF-8, with a decreased crystal size, can be synthesized rapidly with microwave irradiation. The microwave synthesis of ZIF-8 is completed in 4 h at $140{^{\circ}C}$ and the reaction time is decreased by about 5 times compared with the conventional electric heating. The ZIF-8 obtained by microwave heating has larger surface area and micropore volume compared with the ZIF-8 synthesized with conventional electric heating. It can be confirmed that ZIF-8s show type-I adsorption isotherms, explaining the microporosity of the ZIF-8s. Based on FTIR and TGA results, it can be understood that the ZIF-8s have similar bonding and thermal characteristics irrespective of heating methods such as microwave and conventional heating. Metal organic frameworks (MOF)과 유사하게 금속과 유기물로 이루어진 골격 물질 중 제올라이 트와 유사한 구조를 갖는 zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)를 처음으로 마이크로파(MW)를 이용하여 합성하였다. ZIF 중 잘 알려진 ZIF-8을 전통적인 전기 가열(CE)과 마이크로파 조사로 합성하였으며 ZIF-8은 $140{\sim}180^{\circ}C}$의 범위에서 용이하게 얻을 수 있었다. MW 합성에 의해 ZIF-8을 신속 하게 합성할 수 있었으며 결정 크기는 전통적인 합성에 비해 전반적으로 감소하였다. $140{^{\circ}C}$에서의 합성 결과 전통 적인 합성에 비해 MW에 의해 약 5배의 반응 속도가 증가함을 알 수 있었고 4시간 이내에 합성 반응이 종료됨을 알 수 있었다. MW로 얻어진 ZIF-8은 CE에 의한 ZIF-8에 비해 증가된 표면적과 세공부피를 가 졌다. 얻어진 모든 ZIF-8은 질소 흡착 실험 결과 type-I 흡착 등온선을 보였고 미세 세공을 가짐을 알 수 있었다. FTIR 및 TGA 결과 두 방법으로 얻어진 ZIF-8은 서로 유사한 결합 및 열적 특성을 보였다.

중증언어장애자 의사소통지원시스템에 관한 연구

박정화,박수현,Park, Jung-Hwa,Park, Su-Hyun 한국정보통신학회 2010 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.14 No.1

언어 및 신체장애가 있는 사람들은 의사소통을 하는데 많은 시간이 소요되거나 불가능한 경우도 있으므로 컴퓨터를 이용한 보완 대체 의사소통시스템은 장애인들의 의사소통을 도와주는 중요한 도구이다. 그러나 신체장애를 가진 사람들은 키보드, 마우스 등의 입력장치를 원활하게 사용하지 못하므로 단순한 입력만으로 시스템을 사용하여 의사소통을 할 수 있어야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 간단한 입력만으로 의사소통을 할 수 있는 의사소통지원시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다. 장애인들이 많이 사용하는 빈출문장들을 수집하여 9개 생활언어 그룹으로 분류하여 제시하므로, 몇 번의 선택 동작만을 이용하여 자신이 원하는 문장을 찾을 수 있도록 하였다. 원하는 문장이 없는 경우에는 천지인 자판을 제공하므로 문장을 만들 수 있고, 만들어진 문장을 빈출문장 그룹에 포함시켜서 다음번에 사용할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 각 그룹에 속한 문장들은 사용자의 사용 빈도에 따라 순위를 바꾸어 줌으로써 가능한 입력 횟수를 감소시킬 수 있도록 개발하였다. It takes a lot of time or is even impossible to communicate for people with physical disability and/or speech impairment. Augmentative and Alternative Communication System is an important computerized tool that makes it possible for those people to communicate. Since not only speech impaired people, but also people with other physical disability cannot use conventional computer input devices easily such as keyboard and mouse, so more simple input devices are need for them to communicate. Thus, in this paper, I designed and implemented a communication aid system, with which they can communicate with simple inputs. I collected frequently used sentences by people with disability and categorized them into 9 everyday language groups. With these categories, they can select any sentence with few simple selections. If none of these categories includes the sentences they want, ChunJiIn keyboard is provided so that they can input the sentences, which can be added to the existing language groups for later use. The priority levels of the sentences in each group is constantly readjusted based on usage frequency so that the number of inputs can be reduced.

칵테일 바의 선택 속성이 고객만족 및 재방문의도에 미치는 영향 연구

박정화(Jung-Hwa Park) 융합관광콘텐츠학회 2020 융합관광콘텐츠연구 (JCTC) Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the selection attributes on customer satisfaction and revisit in the Cocktail bar. In order to achieve the objective of this study, the survey with 170 customers who visited some cocktail bar in Seoul was conducted. A questionnaire survey was conducted for investigating 16 attributes of selection attributes of Cocktail bar in Seoul. The survey about the customer satisfaction and revisit on the selection attributes in the cocktail bar was conducted with a questionnaire. Two hundred questionnaires are being distributed on Cocktail bar in Seoul for 30days from October 2nd till November 2nd in 2019and from which 170 are being analyzed. A statistical analysis of the empirical data gathered supports the conclusions as follows: 1) 5 statistically significant friendly factors were identified, namely cocktail quality, specialness, employee service, cleanliness, materiality, 2) The Selection factor of customers who like to visit cocktail bar increases customer satisfaction. 3) The Selection factor of customers who like to visit cocktail bar increases revisit intention. Following the trend of fulfilling customer’s wants-needs, this study suggests marketing strategies.

아동의 킥 동작 발달에 관한 운동역학적 분석

박정화(Jung Hwa Park),강영수(Young Soo Kang),김동택(Dong Taek Kim) 한국발육발달학회 2000 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.8 No.2

본 연구는 유치원 및 초등학교 아동 84명을 대상으로 아동의 킥 기능에 대한 양적, 질적 발달을 연령 단계별로 분석·검토하여 킥 동작의 발달양상과 발달 정도를 파악한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 신체 분절의 운동역학적 변화 임팩트 순간 발목 관절 속도는 연령 증가에 따라 높게 나타났고, 성별간에는 남자가 여자 보다 높게 나타났다. 발목 관절 속도는 5·6세, 7·8세, 9·10·11세의 연령별 세 집단으로 다르게 나타났다. 임팩트 순간 분절의 각속도는 하퇴 분절의 각속도에서만 성별간에 남자가 여자보다 높게 나타났다. 2) 공의 최대 속도, 비행각도, 지지발의 위치 공의 최대 속도에서는 연령의 증가에 따라, 그리고 남자의 공의 속도가 높게 나타났고, 5·6세, 7·8·9세, 10·11세로 연령별 세 집단으로 다르게 나타났다. 발목 관절의 속도가 공의 최대 속도에 영향을 미친것으로 보여진다. 공의 비행 각도에서는 연령이 증가할수록 비행 각도가 높게 나타나 정확도가 낮은 것을 알 수 있다. 임팩트 순간 지지발과 공의 거리는 성별간에서 여자가 남자보다 높게 나타나, 남자가 여자보다 지지발을 공에 더 가깝게 놓고 임팩트 한다. 3) 킥 동작의 발달 패턴 신체 중심의 속도 변화에서 수평 방향은 임팩트 순간에 최대치에 도달하였고 수직 방향의 속도는 킥 동작 후반부에 증가하여 킥 동작의 미숙한 점을 보였다. 관절의 속도 변화 비교에서 발목 관절의 속도는 임팩트 순간에 높게 나타난 반면, 무릎 관절의 속도는 임팩트전에 높게 나타났고 발목 관절의 속도는 무릎 관절의 속도보다 2.5배 높게 나타났다. 분절의 각속도 변화 비교에서 각속도의 크기는 하퇴 분절, 발 분절, 대퇴 분절 순으로 나타났다. This study focused on the techniques of kick motions on which lower extremities take important roles. The subjects of this study were 84 children of Y kindergarten and elementary including 6 male & 6 female students in each grade from first to sixth. Two video cameras were used to analyze kinematical development of children`s kick motions: a cinemato graping method of DLT(direct linear transformation) was adopted. By using those methods, the speed of the joint section, the angular velocity of section, the maximum velocity of balls, the angular measure of flying balls, and some other kinematical and developmental patterns of body sections were analyzed when the subjects were kicking balls with unskilled legs. The results analyzed by sex and age were as follows: 1. Kinematic of kick motion at the impact The velocity of joint sections of the ankles at the impact sharply increased in proportion to the age levels. In the velocity of joint sections of ankles, the subjects could be divided into three different age groups according to the velocity levels(1st group of 5∼6 years, 2nd group of 7∼8 years, 3rd group of 9∼11 years). In the velocity of angular at the impact, there was a significant difference only in the shank, that showed the male group was higher than the female group. However, in the joint sections of foot and thigh, there was no difference in age and sex styles. The average velocity of the shank of male between ages showed 971.06±225.72°/s. and that of female showed 678.96±152.04°/s. 2. The maximum velocity of balls, the angular measure of flying balls, and the distance of the supporting foot The maximum velocity of a ball increased in the proportion to the age, and the maximum velocity of ball kicked by males was higher than that of females. In the velocity of balls, the subjects could be divided into three different groups of the ages according to the velocity levels(1st group of 5∼6 years, 2nd 7∼9 years, 3rd 10∼11 years). In the angular measure of balls at the flying point, as the age increased, the angular measure of the flying ball increased, but its accuracy was lowered. In the distance between supporting foot and ball, it showed that males impacted the ball closer to the stance of supporting foot than females when they kicked balls. 3. The developmental patterns of kick motions In the development of the velocity of the center of gravity, the speed of horizontal direction reached maximum velocity at the point of impact, and the speed of perpendicular direction increased at the latter half of kick motion. This type of kick motion seemed to be attributable to an inexperienced motion. In the analysis of velocity of joints, the maximum velocity of the ankle showed at the impact, but that of the knee showed before the impact. However, that of ankle was higher than knee joint by double and half. The change of angular velocity shows that the speed of shank section is the highest followed by foot section and thigh section.

호텔 서비스관리에 따른 품질 접근

박정화(Jung Hwa Park) 한국조리학회 2000 한국조리학회지 Vol.6 No.3

본 연구는 품질관리와 고객만족관리의 관계를 규명하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구조사는 외국관광객과 서울의 특등급호텔의 종사원을 대상으로 수행되었으며, 연구결과 호텔 서비스 품질관리 수준은 고객만족도에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구자는 품질관리 시스템, 품질과 운영 결과, 고객만족 결과로 구성된 성공적인 품질관리를 제안하고자 한다.

초등 고학년 아동의 줄넘기 학습에 의한 기능 및 운동량 발달 경향

박정화(Jung Hwa Park),이봉문(Bong Mun Lee),최종호(Jong Ho Choi),홍상완(Sang Wan Hong),김만의(Man Eui Kim),남석희(Suk Hee Nam) 한국발육발달학회 2003 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.11 No.1

토마스 하디의 단편 소설 연구의 타당성

박정화 ( Park¸ Jung Hwa ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2012 영어권문화연구 Vol.5 No.2

Thomas Hardy(1840-1928) has received great acclaim as a novelist and poet, but his short stories have been largely ignored as “pot boilers” and “not worth salvaging” by both readers and critics, despite the fact that he wrote 47 short stories equivalent in length to four or five of the novels. However, if he had been a short-story writer manqué as a pot boiler, he would not have spent more than 25 years writing short stories that were the exact equal length as novels, taking care to focus on the processes of composition and revision. The surviving manuscripts of his short stories reveal numerous and scrupulous revisions; indeed, Hardy continued to take a close interest in the texts of his short stories as they passed through various volume-editions. In addition, the careful organization of the short-story volumes demonstrates unity and coherence to the collections. This paper aims to examine Hardy's short stories in isolation as works of literature distinct from his other massive achievements, although in many ways the novels and poems should be mentioned in order to illuminate aspects of his short stories or collections. This approach offers an opportunity to study the unique quality of Hardy's short stories while providing a better understanding of them as well as the volumes in which they were collected. The focus herein is primarily on the stories collected in Wessex Tales, A Group of Noble Dames, and Life's Little Ironies, which are those that Hardy not only chose and arranged to reprint, but also took good care in collecting in volume-editions intended to possess the internal unity in regard to theme and technique. Hardy's state as a short-story writer can be evaluated based on the quality of his entire collection as a whole as well as the quality and artistic technique in each story. His short stories deserve to take their place beside his novels and poems, enabling readers and critics to consider him as a master of the short story.

급성 담낭염으로 합병된 지역사회획득 메티실린 내성 황색포도알균 세균혈증 1예

박정화 ( Jung Hwa Park ),김윤정 ( Yoon Jung Kim ),신승환 ( Seung Hwan Shin ),이상아 ( Sang Ah Lee ),김민정 ( Min Jung Kim ),장현하 ( Hyun-ha Chang ),김신우 ( Shin-woo Kim ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회지 Vol.91 No.2

황색포도알균은 피부나 점막, 콧구멍에서 집락균으로 존재하며, 피부 및 점막의 방어가 파괴될 시 주변조직 및 혈류로 침투하여 감염이 발생한다. 황색포도알균 세균혈증은 감염심내막염, 감염척추염 등의 다양한 감염성 합병증을 일으키나 간담도염은 흔치 않은 것으로 알려져 있다. 국외의 경우 면역저하자 등에서 MRSA 담낭염이 드물게 보고되었으나 국내에는 이에 대한 보고가 없다. 본 증례에서는 MRSA감염의 위험 인자가 없는 건강한 성인에서 급성 담낭염으로 합병된 CA-MRSA 세균혈증을 경험하여 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) bacteremia is an uncommon infection in Korea. Typically, staphylococcal bacteremia is associated with various metastatic infections, such as multiple liver and spleen abscesses, infectious spondylitis, or infective endocarditis. Solitary cholecystitis as the only manifestation of CA-MRSA bacteremia has not been reported. Therefore, we report a case of CA-MRSA bacteremia complicated by acute cholecystitis. (Korean J Med 2016;91:233-236)

호텔 컨벤션 選擇屬性에 관한 硏究

박정화(Park Jung-Hwa),정재락(Chung Jae-Rock),유영근(You Young-Keun) 한국관광레저학회 2002 관광레저연구 Vol.14 No.1