반복하중에 따른 재료의 손상변수 규명과 손상해석에 관한 연구

박승배(Seung-Bae Park),김승조(Seung-Jo Kim),김위대(Wie-Dae Kim),이해경(Hae-Kyung Lee) 한국항공우주학회 1990 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

반도체 제조 공정에서 발생 가능한 부산물

박승현 ( Seung Hyun Park ),신정아 ( Jung Ah Shin ),박해동 ( Hae Dong Park ) 한국산업위생학회 2012 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the exposure possibility of by-products during the semiconductor manufacturing processes. Methods: The authors investigated types of chemicals generated during semiconductor manufacturing processes by the qualitative experiment on generation of by-products at the laboratory and a literature survey. Results: By-products due to decomposition of photoresist by UV-light during the photo-lithography process, ionization of arsine during the ion implant process, and inter-reactions of chemicals used at diffusion and deposition processes can be generated in wafer fabrication line. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene and formaldehyde can be generated during the mold process due to decomposition of epoxy molding compound and mold cleaner in semiconductor chip assembly line. Conclusions: Various types of by-products can be generated during the semiconductor manufacturing processes. Therefore, by-products carcinogen such as benzene, formaldehyde, and arsenic as well as chemical substances used during the semiconductor manufacturing processes should be controlled carefully.

반도체 조립공정의 화학물질 노출특성 및 작업환경관리

박승현 ( Seung Hyun Park ),박해동 ( Hae Dong Park ),신인재 ( In Jae Shin ) 한국산업보건학회 2014 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of worker exposure to hazardous chemical substances and propose the direction of work environment management for protecting worker`s health in the semiconductor assembly process. Methods: Four assembly lines at two semiconductor manufacturing companies were selected for this study. We investigated the types of chemicals that were used and generated during the assembly process, and evaluated the workers` exposure levels to hazardous chemicals such as benzene and formaldehyde and the current work environment management in the semiconductor assembly process. Results: Most of the chemicals used at the assembly process are complex mixtures with high molecular weight such as adhesives and epoxy molding compounds(EMCs). These complex mixtures are stable when they are used at room temperature. However workers can be exposed to volatile organic compounds(VOCs) such as benzene and formaldehyde when they are used at high temperature over 100℃. The concentration levels of benzene and formaldehyde in chip molding process were higher than other processes. The reason was that by-products were generated during the mold process due to thermal decomposition of EMC and machine cleaner at the process temperature(180℃). Conclusions: Most of the employees working at semiconductor assembly process are exposed directly or indirectly to various chemicals. Although the concentration levels are very lower than occupational exposure limits, workers can be exposed to carcinogens such as benzene and formaldehyde. Therefore, workers employed in the semiconductor assembly process should be informed of these exposure characteristics.

화학물질 노출정보 제공을 위한 GC-MS 분석자동화 프로그램 개발

박승현 ( Seung-hyun Park ),박해동 ( Hae Dong Park ),장미연 ( Miyeon Jang ),노지원 ( Jiwon Ro ),조현민 ( Hyounmin Cho ) 한국산업보건학회 (구 한국산업위생학회) 2021 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this study was to contribute to the prevention of occupational diseases through the development of an automatic analysis program for evaluating workers’ exposure to hazardous chemical substances. Methods: The authors selected chemical substances that caused occupational disease in Korea and chemical substances that are frequently used in industrial sites as target substances for a GC-MS automatic analysis program. The target substances are organic compounds which can be measured by a passive sampler. The automatic analysis program was studied using various raw data obtained from GC-MS analysis for the target substances. Results: A total of 48 organic compounds that can be measured with a passive sampler were selected as target substances for the GC-MS automatic analysis program. The selected compounds included substances that caused occupational disease, substances related to C1 and D1 in special health examinations, and substances for which work environment measurements have been frequently conducted. The GC-MS automatic analysis program was developed by combining information mainly on retention time and mass spectrum. The GC-MS automatic analysis program is designed to analyze unknown samples by comparing the mass spectrum and retention time of the samples to those of reference materials. To evaluate the stability of the program, samples at about the 30-50% level of OELs were prepared and analyzed with the GC-MS automatic analysis program, resulting in stable results for all 48 organic compounds. Conclusion: An automatic analysis program for a total of 48 organic compounds was developed using a GC-MS system that can analyze organic compounds. Unknown samples that contain the 48 organic compounds can be automatically analyzed by the developed program. It is anticipated that it can contribute to the prevention of occupational diseases through an GC-MS automatic analysis program that can quickly provide workers with information on exposure to chemical substances.

요추천자 시술중 뇌척수압을 간단히 측정하는 방법

박승옥(Seung Ok Park),박원(Weon Park),김도연(Do Yeon Kim),허남진(Nam Jin Huh),최광해(Kwang Hae Choi),정철주(Chul Zoo Jung) 대한소아신경학회 1997 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.5 No.1

연구배경 : 소아에서 뇌척수압은 정확한 측정이 필요한 경우는 드물지만 압력이 정상인지 증가 되었는지를 아는 것은 중요할 수 있다. 요추천자 시술 중 협조가 되지 않은 소아에게 압력계를 이용해 뇌척수압을 측정하는 것이 쉽지 않다. 이에 저자들은, 소아에서 흔히 사용되는 척수천자침으로, 뇌척수액이 떨어지는 방울 수와 시간을 뇌척수압과 연관시키는 counting period를 결정함으로써, 뇌척수업을 측정할 수 있는 간단한 방법을 발견해 보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1997년 4월부터 5월까지 본원 소아과에 입원한 환자 중 뇌막 자극증상이나 패혈증으로 뇌척수액검사를 필요로 하는 15명을 대상으로, 소아의 척수천자 시술에 가장 많이 사용되는 22-guage 3.5-inch와 23guage 3.5-inch 척수천자침을 척수강내에 삽입한 후, 먼저 압력계로 척수액 방울 수를 1분 동안 센 다음, 상호 관계를 비교해 counting period를 결정하였다. Counting period가 결정된 다음에는, 전형적으로 10명의 환아에서 먼저 counting period동안 떨어지는 뇌척수액 방울수를 뇌척수압으로 결정하고, 압력계를 이용한 뇌척수압과 비교하였다. 결과 : 22 G 3.5inch 천자침을 이용한 counting period는 40초. 23 G 3.5-inch 천자침을 이용한 coungting period는 54초였다. 일정한 시간 동안에 천자침을 통해 떨어지는 뇌척수액 방울 수를 세어서, 그것을 뇌척수압으로 결정하는 counting period를 적용해, 전향적으로 10명의 환아에서 뇌척수압을 먼저 정한 후, 다시 압력계로 측정해 본 결과와 비교해 보았더니 모든 환아에서 10% 범위 내에 있었다. 결론 : 소아에서 뇌척수압을 측정하는 방법으로 counting period가 연구되었고 전향적으로 몇 명의 환자에서 시험되어졌다. 뇌척수액을 시험관에 받으면서 counting period동안 떨어지는 척수액 방울 수를 세기 때문에, 압력계로 측정하는 것보다 시술이 간단하고, 편리하며, 압력계를 파손할 염려가 없고 비용을 줄일 수 있으며 시술 중 오염의 빈도를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Background: Precise measurement of cerebrospinal(CSF) pressure rarely is needed, but it is frequently helpful to know whether CSF pressure is normal or elevated. It is often difficult to measure CSF pressure by manometer during lumbar puncture in uncooperated children. The purpose of this study was to determine appropriate counting periods for two commonly used spinal needles. Methods: Fifteen infant and children(from 1½ months to 9 years of age) with sepsis or meningeal irritation sign between April 1997 and May 1997 had measured CSF pressure. In this study, No. 22 or 23-guage, 3.5-inch, sharp, beveled spinal needle with a properly fitting stylet were used. After spinal needle is inserted in the lumbar subarachnoid space, estimated CSF pressure by manometer, and then counted drops of CSF during one minute period. A counting period can be dertermined such that the unmber of drops counted will approximate the CSF pressure in centimeters of H₂O. After these times were calculated, the method was verified in patients by comparing manometric pressure to drop count. Results: Counting periods for which the number of drops equals the pressure were then established for each needle size. Counting periods were determined at 40 seconds for 22-guage 3.5-inch needles, and 54 seconds for 23-guage 3.5-inch needles. The method was prospectively tested in 10 patients by comparing drop count over the calculated counting period to manometric pressures. In all cases, drop counts were within 10% of manometric pressure. Conculsions: This conting period method enables simple, rapid estimation of CSF pressure during lumbar puncture. Because drops can be counted while fluid is collected, the technique is more convenient than manometric pressue measures. Elimination of the manometer also reduced costs and may reduce the frequency of breaks in sterile technique.

중증근무력증의 임상적 고찰

박영춘 ( Young Choon Park ),서정규 ( Chung Gyu Suh ),박재후 ( Jae Who Park ),박승해 ( Seung Hae Park ),박기환 ( Ki Hwan Park ),권기영 ( Ki Yung Kwon ) 대한내과학회 1982 대한내과학회지 Vol.25 No.8

위장관 간질 종양에서 c-kit 유전자 변이

박종경(Jong Kyung Park),이채영(Chae Young Lee),김진조(Jin Jo Kim),진형민(Hyung Min Chin),김욱(Wook Kim),박조현(Cho Hyun Park),전해명(Hae Myung Jeon),박승만(Seung Man Park),임근우(Keun Woo Lim),박우배(Woo Bae Park),김승남(Seung Nam K 대한외과학회 2004 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.66 No.5

Helicobacter pylori 감염과 Interleukin $1\beta$ 유전자의 다형성에 따른 위암 발생 위험도

박상협,송교영,김진조,진형민,김욱,박조현,박승만,임근우,박우배,김승남,전해명,Park, Sang-Hyub,Song-Kyo-Young,Kim, Jin-Jo,Jin-Hyung-Min,Kim, Wook,Park, Cho-Hyun,Park, Seung-Man,Lim-Keun-Woo,Park, Woo-Bae,Kim, Seung-Nam,Jeon, Hae-Myung 대한위암학회 2004 대한위암학회지 Vol.4 No.3

Purpose: According to the recent studies, it is shown that the polymorphism of Interleukin $1\beta$ gene is associated with the incidence of gastric cancer caused by the Helicobacter pylori infection. Interleukin $1\beta$ is a cytokine markedly inhibiting gastric acid secretion. Interleukin $1\beta$ production associated with Helicobacter pylori gastric infection may exacerbate mucosal damage including chronic gastritis and atrophic gastritis, may induce eventual neoplasia. Among these Interleukin $1\beta$ gene polymorphisms, polymorphisms at -31 portion and -511 portion may associated with these processes, eventually increase the risk of gastric cancer. We investigated the risk of gastric cancer according to the Helicobacter pylori infection and genetic polymorphism of Interleukin $1\beta$ in gastric cancer patients. Materials and Methods: 176 individuals with gastric cancer and 40 healthy controls were analyzed. Each group was divided into two groups whether they infected with Helicobacter pylori or not. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood in all groups. The PCR-RFLP method was used for investigating the distribution of genotype of C/C, C/T, T/T at -31 portion and -511 portion. Results: T/T genotype at -511 portion was $19.3\%$ in gastric cancer cases and $10\%$ in controls, which was statistically significant. (P=0.0432) The risk of gastric cancer was increased 4.86 ($1.26\∼18.77$) in group which had T/T genotype. In gastric cancer cases, C/C genotype at 31 portion was $27.6\%$ in group with Helicobacter pylori infection and $12.8\%$ in group without infection, which was statistically significant. (P=0.0047) The risk of gastric cancer was increased 4.82 ($1.81\~12.81$) in group which had C/C genotype. Conclusion: T genotype at -511 portion among the Interleukin $1\beta$ genetic polymorphisms may be the risk factor of gastric cancer. And, with Helicobacter pylori infection, C genotype at -31 portion may be the risk factor of gastric cancer.

비굴착 노후관로 보수공법(ICP)

박승해,Park Seung Hae 한국관개배수위원회 2005 한국관개배수논문집 Vol.12 No.1

과호산구 증후군 환자에서 발생한 선상 편평 태선

박승배 ( Seung Bae Park ),이해을 ( Hae Eul Lee ),임명 ( Myung Im ),이영 ( Young Lee ),서영준 ( Young Joon Seo ),이증훈 ( Jeung Hoon Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회지 Vol.51 No.7

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterized by chronically increased peripheral blood eosinophil levels and organ damages related to eosinophilic infiltration. Cutaneous manifestations are common (>50%) and non-specific. It is generally manifested as erythematous pruritic eczema. Linear lichen planus has not been reported in HES. A 35-year-old woman was presented with linear brownish papules and plaques on her left arm. She had been diagnosed with HES three years earlier. Initially, the skin lesions were manifested as linear pruritic erythematous plaques, but they gradually transformed into shiny brownish plaques. Skin biopsy specimens showed irregular acanthosis of the epidermis and band-like infiltrations of lymphocytes and eosinophils with necrotic keratinocytes in the papillary dermis. We proposed that the eosinophil infiltration was caused by HES, and that the patient`s histological and clinical manifestations should account for linear lichen planus. (Korean J Dermatol 2013;51(7): 552∼555)