참굴의 난(卵)에 기생(寄生)하는 Marteilioids chungmuensis Comps et al., 1986에 관하여

박미선,전세규,Park, Mi-Seon,Chun, Seh-Kyu 한국어병학회 1989 한국어병학회지 Vol.2 No.2

1986년(年) 1월(月)부터 1988년(年) 12월(月)까지 3개년(個年)에 걸쳐 남해안(南海岸) 굴 수하식(垂下式) 양식장(養殖腸)인 충무 화도, 서해안(棲海岸) 투석식(投石式) 양식장(養殖腸)인 오천, 그리고 자연(自然) 서식장(棲息腸)인 동해안(東海岸) 신창의 참굴을 대상으로 Marteilioides chungmuensis의 생태학적(生態學的) 및 형태학적(形態學的) 조사(調査)를 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 1986년 화도 양식장(養殖腸)에서 채집(採集), 조사(調査)된 총(總) 360개체(個體)의 참굴 중(中) M. chungmuensis가 발견(發見)된 개체(個體)는 19개체(個體)로 5.3%의 출현율(出現率)을 나타내었으며, 오천 양식장(養殖腸)에서 360개체중(個體中) 15개체(個體)로 4.2%, 그리고 1987년(年) 화도 양식장(養殖腸)에서는 총(總) 360개체(個體) 중(中) 24개체(個體)가 발견(發見)되어 6.7%, 오천 양식장(養殖腸)에서는 360(個體) 중(中) 10개체(個體)로 2.8%의 출현율(出現率)을 나타내었다. 그러나 1986년(年)과 1987년(年) 동해안(東海岸)의 신창에서 채집(採集)된 총(總) 720개체(個體)의 참굴 중(中) M. chungmuensis가 발견(發見)된 참굴은 없었다. 2. 1988년(年) 3월(月)에서 12월(月)까지 M. chungmuensis가 전혀 발견(發見)되지 않은 동해안(東海岸) 신창산(産) 참굴을 남해안(南海岸)의 화도로 이식(移植)하여와 감염율(感染率)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果), 이식(移植)된 신창산(産) 참굴에 있어서는 5월(月)부터 M. chungmuensis에 감염(感染)된 개체(個體)가 나타나기 시작하였으며, 총(總) 300개체(個體)의 조사(調査) 굴 중(中) 25개체(個體)가 M. chungmuensis에 감염(感染)된 것으로 나타났다. 3. M. chungmuensis의 출현(出現) 시기(時期)는 화도의 경우 6월(月)부터 11월(月), 오천의 경우 6~10월(月)사이로 참굴의 산란(産卵)이 시작되는 시기(時期)부터 완전히 종료(終了)된 후 2개월까지의 시기(時期)였으며, 산란(産卵)이 진행됨에 따라 M. chungmuensis의 출현율(出現率)은 점점 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)이었다. 4. M. chungmuensis에 감염(感染)된 성숙란(成熟卵)은 산란(産卵)이 진행됨에 따라 일부는 정상적(正常的)인 난(卵)과 함께 아가미를 통하여 배출되고, 나머지 생식소(生殖巢)에 남아있는 M. chungmuensis에 감염(感染)된 난(卵)은 생식소내(生殖巢內)에서 붕괴, 사멸되는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 기생충(寄生蟲)에 감염(感染)된 참굴에서는 생식소(生殖巢)의 여포(濾胞)주위에 강한 혈구성(血球性) 침윤(浸潤)이 나타나는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 이 기생충(寄生蟲)의 난소내(卵巢內) 성숙과정(成熟過程)의 관찰결과(觀察結果) M. chungmuensis는 성숙(成熟)한 난모세포(卵母細胞)의 세포질내(細胞質內)에 근세포(根細胞), 즉 1 차(次) 세포(細胞)로 자리잡게 되며, 이 기생충(寄生蟲)은 포자형성(胞子形成) 기간(期間)동안 외생발아(外生發芽)에 의해 2 개 또는 3 개의 2 차(次) 세포(細胞)를 형성하며, 내생발아(內生發芽)에 의해 1 개의 3 차(次) 세포(細胞)를 형성하고, 2 차(次) 세포(細胞)는 성장하여 포자모세포(胞子母細胞)로 되는 phylum Ascetospora, class Paramyxea에 속하는 종(種)들 중 가장 단순한 성숙과정(成熟過程)을 거치는 것으로 나타났다. An ovarian parasite, Marteilioides chungmuensis of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas has been observed on several occasions in the Pacific sector of production of this oyster species(Matsuzato et al., 1977 ; Chun, 1979). This study was carried out on the specimens collected at Hwado, Och'$\check{o}$n, and Sinchang respectively located the southern, western, and eastern coasts of Korean Peninsula from 1986 through 1988 to investigate M. chungmuensis to the Pacific oyster. Uitrastructural studies were also carried out on infected oysters, to allow detailed examination of the structure and consepuently the systematic position of this parasite. Infection rates of M. chungmuensis at Hwado and Och'$\check{o}$n oyster farms were 5.3% and 4.2% each in 1986, 6.7% and 2.8% each in 1987, but they were not found at Sinchang oyster habitat. M,. chungmuensis-infected oysters were found from June to November at Hwado and from June to October at Och'$\check{o}$n. Twenty five of three hundred oysters transplanted from Sinchang to Hwado were found infected with M. chungmuensis. Some abnormal eggs infected with M. chungmuensis are liberated through the gill together with normal mature eggs on the spawning and the rest remain necrotized after spawning season. The earliest known stages consist of a stem cell or primary cell, including a secondary cell in which ovoid haplosporosomes are found. During sporulation, 2 or 3 secondary are produced by exogenous budding from the first secondary cell and, each secondary cell evolves into a sporont upon the tertiary cell differentiation (enodogenous budding) ; then, haplosporosomes are formed in the young sporont. Internal cleavages involve the differentiation of one tricellular spore per sporont. The outermost spore cell contains membrane-bounded osmiophilic bodies : the middle and the inner, most spore cells contain high density cytoplasmic ribosomes. The mechanism of spore formation from the stem cell of M. chungmuensis is the simplest of the class Paramyxea known up to now.

해외 주거비 보조 제도: 미국의 주택바우처 프로그램의 도입, 운영 및 시사점

박미선,Park, Mi-Seon 한국주거학회 2014 住居 Vol.17 No.-

Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803으로부터 광활성 종속영양 생장결핍 돌연변이체의 분리 및 특성

박미선,이영숙,김영창,Park, Mi-Seon,Lee, Young-Sook,Kim, Young-Chang 한국미생물학회 1994 미생물학회지 Vol.32 No.3

A mutant strain PRM1 defective in light-activated heterotrophic growth was isolated from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PRM1 could be grown at growth rate equivalent to Synechocystis 6803 under mixotrophic growth conditions. However, PRM1 could not be grown under light-activated heterotrophic conditions, in which a daily pulse of light for 5 min was given. These results suggest that PRM1 is not defective in heterotrophic metabolism, but in the transduction pathway of light signal essential to the growth. Plasmid patterns, absorption spectra of whole cells, and the exterior and interior structures of PRM1 were similar to those of Synechocystis 6803, except that PRM1 could not produce amorphous slime holding cells together. Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14945의 penicillin G acylase 유전자의 염기배열을 결정하였다. 이 유전자에는 2,406 염기쌍으로 이루어진 하나의 open reading frame이 존재하는데, 개시코돈의 5' 위쪽에서 Shine-Dalgarno 배열과 promoter로 여겨지는 부분을 발견하였으며, 종결코돈의 3' Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803으로부터 광활성종속영양으로 생장할 수 없는 돌연변이체 PRM1을 분리하였다. PRM1을 혼합영양으로 배양하였을 경우에는 생장속도가 Synechocystis 6803과 거의 같았다. 그러나 PRM1을 하루에 5 분만 빛을 조사하면서 광활성종속영양으로 배양하였을 경우에는 전혀 생장하지 못하였다. 이러한 결과는 PRM1이 종속영양으로 생장하는데 필요한 대사능력에 이상이 있는 것이 아니라 생장에 필요한 광신호 전이 체계에 이상이 있음을 시사한다. PRM1의 plasmid 양상, 균체의 absorption spectra, 세포 내부와 외부의 형태 등은 Synechocystis 6803과 유사하였으나 여러 세포들을 함께 얽어매는 부정형 점액성 물질을 형성하지 않는 점이 달랐다.

일방적 ㆍ 비현실적 재건축 규제 재정비해야

박미선,Park, Mi-Seon 한국주택협회 2006 주택과 사람들 Vol.199 No.-

참여정부는 강남의 재건축 시장을 전국의 집값을 올리는 주범으로 몰아 개발이익환수, 임대아파트 건립 중 각종 규제책을 쏟아냈다. 결국 집값 안정을 위한 명목으로 수많은 정책을 내놓았지만, 정작 집값은 잡히지 않고 도시 관리 등 부동산 시장의 총체적인 문제점이 생겨나고 있다. 또 일방적인 재건축 규제책으로 각종 부작용마저 생겨 법률안이 제대로 시행되는 데는 많은 어려움이 있을 것으로 보인다. 2006년 한 해 재건축 · 재개발 시장 동향과 정부의 정책적 대응은 어떠했는지 알아본다.

18,19세기 왕실유모의 범위와 위상 -『탁지정례(度支定例)』와 『예식통고(例式通考)』를 중심으로-

박미선 ( Mi Seon Park ) 고려대학교 역사연구소(구 역사학연구회) 2011 사총 Vol.73 No.-

A royal nanny was the woman who took charge of nurturing in the royal family by being selected through a special procedure without regard to the blood-mother`s of breast-feeding ability. One royal nanny was assigned per royal family that was invested with the titles of nobility regardless of sex and age. Royal nannies were classified as two types according to the two situations of family formation like "marriage" and "childbirth". For the royal children, there were a chief lady called Sanggoong and a nurse who educate them about royal manners and rules. Royal nannies received various goods from the royal financial organization on a certain day and had their own attendants. Considering the treatment they got, their status in the royal family seems to have secured the position which was the rank under the King`s concubine and upper chief ladies (Sanggoong) and court ladies in comparison with other ladies in the royal family. In addition, their status and treatment were classified according to the court rank of the subject whom they served. This hierarchy shows official characteristics of the royal nanny in the Chosun Dynasty. That is, the royal nanny system was not the one operated temporarily and privately by a royal family member, but the official position for women through an official route in the royal structure emphasizing official characteristics and excluding private ones.

그래핀 옥사이드가 탄소나노튜브기반 바이오센서 전극의 포도당 산화효소 담지능 및 민감도에 미치는 영향

박미선 ( Mi Seon Park ),김도영 ( Do Young Kim ),정민정 ( Min Jung Jung ),이영석 ( Young Seak Lee ) 한국공업화학회 2015 공업화학 Vol.26 No.1

To improve both the GOD immobilization capability and sensitivity of MWCNTs-based biosensor electrode, the electrode was prepared by adding different quantities of GO. The addition of GO increased hydrophilicity and the surface free energy of electrodes for glucose sensing as well as the dispersion of MWCNTs. In addition, the GOD immobilization capability was enhanced and the sensitivity was improved up to 121 μA mM-1 even though having a high Km value (0.105) when adding 0.05 g GO to 0.05 g MWCNTs. These experimental results were attributed to the fact that the improvement in dispersion stability for MWCNTs, hydrophilicity, and surface free energy of electrode surface due to the addition of GO affected GOD immobilization capability.

다영양입체양식을 위한 다시마(Saccharina japonica)의 생물여과효과

박미선 ( Mi Seon Park ),민병화 ( Byung Hwa Min ),김영대 ( Young Dae Kim ),유현일 ( Hyun Il Yoo ) 한국수산과학회 2012 한국수산과학회지 Vol.45 No.4

To determine whether the seaweed Saccharina japonica can effectively utilize dissolved nutrients from Sebastes schlegeli fish cultures, a laboratory experiment was conducted in a static system for 7 days at ESFRI, NFRDI in Korea. The experiment included an S. schlegeli monoculture system and an S. schlegeli-S. japonica IMTA system. Saccharina schlegeli density (415±24 g; mean±SE) remained the same in all treatments, whereas seaweed density varied across treatments of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kg (control and T1-T4, respectively). During the experiment, nutrient (NH4+ and PO4(3-)) concentrations were measured at 24-h intervals. NH4+ concentration of the control group increased from 0.117±0.021 mg/L at the start of experiment to 5.836±0.904 mg/L at the end of experiment. NH4+ concentrations of each treatment were 3.004±0.040, 2.086±0.133, 1.642±0.121 and 0.775±0.007 mg/L in T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, at the end of experiment. The concentration of PO4(3-) exhibited a similar trend to NH4+ concentration. NH4+ and PO4(3-) concentrations significantly decreased with increased S. japonica thallus density each day (P<0.05). The nutrient removal efficiency (NRE) and nutrient uptake rate (NUR) showed different relationships with changes in thallus density; NRE increased but NUR decreased as thallus density increased. Based on measured concentrations of NH4+ and S. japanica weight, regression analysis defined the relationship between as an exponential function, Y=3.8165e(-0.505X) (R2=0.9552). Our results demonstrated that S. japanica can function as an efficient component in IMTA with environmental and potentially economic benefits for fish hatcheries.

닥 섬유 증해에 사용되는 회분 및 잿물의 특성분석

박미선(Mi Seon Park),장성우(Seong Woo Jang),김형진(Hyoung Jin Kim) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2013 한국펄프·종이공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.4

미국 주택바우처 프로그램 부정수급 특성 및 시사점

박미선(Mi seon Park) 韓國住宅學會 2015 주택연구 Vol.23 No.2

주거급여제도가 국토교통부 소관으로 이관되어 전면적으로 시행될 예정이다. 이에 따라 공적 자금의 부적절한 누수방지를 위하여 주거급여 부정수급에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 그러나 우리나라의 주거급여제도는 그동안 사회복지보장제도의 틀 안에서 운용되었기 때문에 주거급여만을 대상으로 한 부정수급 사례를 찾아보기 힘들다. 이에 더하여 주거급여만의 특수성으로 인하여 가구특성 뿐 아니라 주택의 특성이 함께 고려되어야 하므로 일반적인 사회보장제도와는 차별화되므로 주거급여만을 대상으로 한 연구의 필요성이 높다. 미국에서는 주택보조금 지급 프로그램의 부정수급이 매우 높은 것으로 나타나고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 우리나라의 주거급여 제도와 프로그램의 유사성이 높고, 오랜 기간 동안 주택바우처 프로그램의 부정수급에 대한 모니터링을 실시해 온 미국의 사례를 중심으로 부정수급의 규모 및 유형과 특성을 분석하였다. 부정수급을 참여자(수급자, 행정담당자)와 고의성(고의적, 우발적)으로 구분하여 유형화한 결과, 우발적인 오류에 의한 부적정 지급은 행정담당자에 의한 경우가 높게 나타났다. 이에 비해 고의적인 부정수급의 경우에는 수급자의 부정수급이 행정담당자에 비해 압도적으로 높았다. 이는 대부분의 부정수급이 수급자의 고의적인 소득, 자산 신고 누락, 부적절한 가족구성원 신고, 타인 명의 도용 등에 의해 발생하기 때문이다. 그러나 행정담당자인 공공주택청 직원이 연루된 경우도 발견되는데 이는 직원이 수급자의 서류 처리, 수급자 선정, 보조금 지급 과정에 대한 이해가 높은 직위를 남용하여 발생하고 있었다. 따라서 이제 공공부문에서는 부정수급에 대한 통계 확보, 부정수급 환수강화, 교육 실시, 모니터링 강화 등의 다면적인 조치를 통하여 공적 자금 사용의 적절성과 형평성을 높일 때이다. Housing Allowance Scheme in Korea will be fully launched in July, 2015. Along with the setting fair selection criteria for eligible beneficiaries, monitoring proper usage of public money as a form of housing subsidy is critical to its successful implementation. Rental housing assistance has been classified as one of the high-error programs in the USA, so its usage has been carefully monitored by the government. This study aims to analyze the amount of improper payment of Housing Choice Voucher Program in the USA, to synthesize the characteristics and degrees of fraud done by federal investigation, and subsequently to draw policy implications for Housing Allowance Scheme in Korea. Adopting framework by Stolk and Tesliuc (2010), the study categorizes fraud and error with four groups by actors involved (recipients vs public officials) and their intention (intentionally vs accidentally). Findings show that fraudulent behaviors by recipients are prevalent than corruptions by public officials, and that official errors happen more often, which causes improper payment of public money. Based on the findings, the author suggests that there is urgent need to enhance accountability by collecting accurate data on improper payments, by monitoring carefully both on the side of beneficiaries and public officials, and by providing proper education to prevent administrative errors.

신라 백지묵서화엄경의 사경 발원자와 사경장소

박미선(Park, Mi-seon) 한국역사연구회 2011 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.81

Previous studies considered both the Yeon'gi priest(Yeon'gi Beobsa) who suggested and initiated the task of copying Shilla Avatamsaka Sutra written in ink on White paper, and the Yeon'gi priest(Yeon'gi Josa) who founded the Hwa'eom-sa temple as the same person, and therefore surmised that the copying process would have happened at the Hwa'eom-sa temple as well. Yet this article suggests that as the former Yeon'gi priest was from the capital and also from the 6th Dupum class, and also was a member of the Hwang'ryong-sa temple, he was clearly a different person from the latter Yeon'gi priest, and the copy process may very well have happened at the Hwang'ryong-sa temple, instead of the Hwa'eom-sa temple. In the mid-8th century, the priests at the Hwang'ryong'sa temple were Hwa'eom priests, and they also studied the 80-volume Hwa'eom-gyoeng Sutra just like Yeon'gi. On the other hand, priest Euisang and his followers studied the 60-volume Hwa'eom-gyoeng Sutra, and none of them was ever related to the Hwang'ryong-sa temple. So the Hwa'eom-sa temple, which was under the influence of the Euisang sect and its followers, was not at all a plausible or proper place for the copying task to go underway. In the epilogue(Balmun) section, the primary "Dan'weol" supporter is recorded as a "Gyeongsa" figure, a 'citizen residing in the capital,' and the technical aspects of the copying process were apparently also overseen by people who came from the capital, so it should be safe to say that the copying task went underway at the Hwang'ryong-sa temple. In the same year of 754, King Gyeongdeok-wang's ex-Queen Madame Sam'mo financially supported the production of the Hwang'ryong-sa temple bell, so it is possible that she helped the copying process as well. Earlier, during the reign of king Munmu-wang, after the fall of the Baekje dynasty, the farms in those region were distributed to the noble houses, so the Dan'weol supporter of this copying process or Madame Sam'mo herself could have owned pieces of the Jeolla-do region. They could have helped mobilizing the copiers in this region too. Also, the Mujin-ju area was where the Zen priests were most active in the 9th century, and there were also many cases in which the Hwa'eom priests converted to Zen Buddhism. So it is quite possible for a local Hwa'eom temple to establish a level of relationship with the Hwang'ryong-sa temple inside the capital. The task of copying the Sutra and the production of the bell, which all happened at the Hwang'ryong-sa temple in the mid-8th century, must have helped the temple become once again the central Buddhist monastery of the time, during the Later(Ha'dae) period of the Shilla dynasty.