Ecological Footprint분석을 이용한 도시의 지속가능성 평가

문경주(Moon Kyung-Joo) 서울행정학회 2004 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.15 No.3

Ecological Footprint Analysis(EFA) has been given much attention and widely praised as effective heuristic and pedagogic device for current total human resource use in a way that communicates easily to almost everyone since 1996 when Wackernagel and Rees proposed it as a tool for planning toward sustain ability. This study is to analyze the sustainability in Busan City by EFA and then to explore the guideline toward sustainable city. The results of this study are as follows. First, the per capita footprint of Busan citizens in 2002 increases 123%, as compared with that in 1995, in spite of the decrease in population. Second, the per caipta footprint in 2002 exceeded the terrestrial footprint of Susan by 2.89 ha, the residents of Susan continously appropriate the productive output of a land area nearly 143 times lager than the geographical area of their municipality to support their consumer lifestyles. Third, the ecological deficit index of Susan in 2002 is 24,817%, this result shows that Busan is ruuning a massive 'ecological deficit' with the rest of Korea and World. The development programes which have been planned to exploit productive land areas in Busan by urban government are expected to degrade the productive ecosystem of Earth as well as that of Busan.

공공도서관의 효율성 측정과 평가

문경주(Moon Kyung-Joo) 서울행정학회 2009 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.20 No.2

This study applied an analytical technique called Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) to measure the relative efficiency of 21 public libraries in Busan Metropolitan City and proposed policy alternatives raising the efficiency of public libraries. The DEA/Window technique was applied to measure the efficiency trend and stability of 21 public libraries over a time period(2003~2006), while DEA techniques such as a DEA-CCR and a DEA- BCC were also utilized to evaluate the efficiency of 21 public libraries by a cross sectional analysis in one period of time(2006). The results are as followed. First, the efficiency trend of public libraries has been improved since 2003. Second, In a cross-sectional analysis in 2006, It found out that 5 of 21 public libraries were administerd efficiently. Third, policy alternatives for inefficeint public libraries were proposed on the pure techincal aspect and the aspect of returns to scale. Especially, To improve the adminstration strategy of public libraries that were found out to be inefficient on the aspect of return to scale, it was required to reorganize 'The Combined Service System' that has been operating in part among public libraries these days.

지역사회 통합돌봄 관련 자치단체 조례에 대한 비판적 고찰과 정책적 함의

문경주(Kyung-joo Moon),신유리(Yuri Shin),김정석(Cheong-seok Kim) 한국지역사회학회 2020 지역사회연구 Vol.28 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 자치단체의 지역사회 통합돌봄 조례를 분석하고, 향후 다른 자치단체의 조례제정과 통합돌봄 기본법 제정의 근거를 제공하는데 있다. 분석대상은 2020년 11월 현재 14개 자치단체 조례이며 연구 분석틀은 조례구성, 규범체계, 집행체계로 되어 있으며, 내용분석 방법을 사용하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 14개 자치단체 조례조항을 조례조항의 명칭과 내용을 중심으로 27개 항목으로 분류하였다. 둘째, 규범체계의 측면에서는 권리성 평가에 주민의 책무를 규정한 자치단체가 소수였고, 대상자의 범위는 한정적이었으며, 재정책임성 규정에 미흡한 점이 지적되었다. 셋째, 집행체계의 측면에서는 사업계획과정에 동태성이 결여되어 사업의 발전성을 저해하고 있었으며, 지역거버넌스로서의 민관협의체의 세부적 운영규정이 부족하며, 대상자 선별과 사례관리를 위한 지역케어회의 규정이 미흡했다. 이러한 결과를 근거로 정책적 함의는 다음과 같다. 우선 조례내용에 포함된 근시안적 관점을 제거하고 제도의 계속성을 확보할 방안을 제안했으며, 본 연구의 분석결과를 근거로 향후 다른 자치단체 조례제정과 상위법 제정에 적용할 방안을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the local government’s ordinances for Community Care, and to provide the basis for enacting other autonomous region’s ordinances relate to community care and The Community Care Law in the future. The analysis targets are 14 autonomous region’s ordinances in November 2020, and the research analysis framework consists of the ordinance composition, normative system, and execution system, and the content analysis method was used. The analysis results are as follows. First, 14 lautonomous region’s ordinance provisions were classified into 27 items based on the name and content of the ordinance provisions. Second, in terms of the normative system, it was pointed out that there were few local governments that stipulated the responsibilities of residents in the evaluation of rights, the scope of the subjects was limited, and the regulations on fiscal responsibility were also insufficient. Third, in terms of the execution system, the lack of circularity in the project planning process hindered the development of the project, and the detailed operating regulations of the public-private council as regional governance were insufficient, and the regulations of the regional care meeting for selection of subjects and case management were insufficient. Based on these results, alternatives to be applied to the enactment of other autonomous region’s ordinances and Community Care Law in the future were suggested.

다층분석에 의한 지역공동체의식에 미치는 영향요인 분석

문경주(Moon, Kyung-Joo),김수영(Kim, Soo-Young),장수지(Chang, Su-Jie) 한국지역사회학회 2015 지역사회연구 Vol.23 No.1

For this study, two analytical purposes were considered : finding out factors that affect the sense of local community; exploring directions to raise up the sense of community. Survey questionnaires were distributed for residents who had aged between twenties and fifties, and those lived at sixteen wards and a county in the Busan Metropolitan City. For extracting out factors affecting the sense of community, we determined variables two different levels: the local community level and individual one. Based on this design, interaction effects between the local community level and the individual one were analyzed by using the multi-level model. The major findings are as follows: First, at the individual level analysis, length of residence, subjective social economic consciousness, the number of neighbors, age, trust with one’s neighbors, and co-residence with spouse significantly affected on the sense of local community; Second, When analyzing the cultural patterns of local communities, vertical collectivism had a negative influence on the sense of community, while horizontal collectivism were positively related with the sense of community; Third, subjective social economic consciousness at the individual level and culture based on horizontal collectivism showed significant effects on the sense of community, when considering the interaction effects between individual level and local community level variables. Based on these findings, Policy implication to improve the sense of local community were derived out, it is suggested that more efforts focus on building up cooperative and reciprocal relationship among the community members through local community movement.

지역사회 갈등문제의 원인분석과 대안 탐색 : 해수담수화 수돗물 공급 문제를 중심으로

문경주 ( Moon Kyung-joo ) 부산연구원 2016 연구보고서 학연연구 Vol.2016 No.0

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cause of supply conflict of desalinated water and to find policy alternatives. This conflict case is different from other local conflicts due to risk conflict. Under the situation that anxiety about the use of nuclear power is increasing after the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in 2011, Some residents in GiJang-gun oppose water provided by seawater desalination plant located near the nuclear power plant. Busan Water Authority (BWA) claims that desalinated water is safe, However, Some people in GiJang-gun insist that it is not safe. This conflict between BWA and some residents has been continued since the completion of the seawater desalination plant in 2014. Therefore, in this study, We interviewed public official, experts and residents to find cause of conflict, And surveyed 304 residents. The causes of conflicts found in this study are as follows. First, there was a lack of communication between BWA and some residents. BWA claimed to have informed residents that it supplies desalinated water according to procedure. Some residents, however, insist that BWA decided to supply unilaterally without following procedures. And there was no communication between residents opposing water supply and residents in favor of water supply. the publicity strategy for seawater desalination using advertising has become more negative because residents feel alienated Second, there is no trust. The BWA claimed that desalinated water was safe, but some residents thought not so, And residents do not trust the test results provided by BWA, research institutes and NSF. The BWA has provided several institutional arrangements to ensure the safety of desalinated water. However, residents feel that such institutional arrangements do not guarantee the safety of water. Experts also differ on each other the safety of desalinated water. Therefore, residents do not trust experts' claims. Especially many residents think that experts represent specific interests. Third, there is a difference in cultural orientation. Residents with a hierarchical cultural orientation favor the supply of desalinated water. Because they believe that the government will give the residents good water quality. They also trust the institutional arrangements for safe water supply provided by BWA. On the other hand, residents with an egalitarian cultural orientation do not believe in the safety of desalinated water. And they think that they are supplied with desalinated water because the area they live in is an undeveloped area In this study, conflict resolution is as follows. First, the safety of desalinated water must be ensured. Only 18.1% of the respondents said they would like to drink desalinated water in the survey. This means that many residents will not drink the desalinated water because of its unsafety. The safety of seawater desalination is not a matter of science, but of the perception that residents have about seawater desalination. Therefore, it is not possible to persuade residents to present results of water quality tests for a short period of time. Many residents want results of water quality verification for at least two years. The reason is that residents think that it takes time to accurately inspect and verify the presence of radioactive materials in desalinated water. In addition, the participation of the residents is essential for the inspection process of seawater desalination. At the same time, BWA should also make institutional improvements to secure the safety of seawater desalination. Second, In accordance with the Busan Metropolitan City Ordinance, the Conflict Resolution Council will be established at the Busan Metropolitan City level, where residents and experts participate to discuss the conflict resolution officially. Third, consider democratic measures of deliberation. Resolving a risk conflict is not appropriate for a referendum. The reason is that residents do not have a lot of knowledge about science and technology. Therefore, a deliberate procedure is required. A referendum is a choice of one option. That is, whether it is for or against. In the precedent case of referendum, the community is divided into two and confronted in the referendum process. Whatever the outcome of the referendum is, the community is divided. And there is a social cost to recover. As a means of resolving risk conflicts, such as 'Consensus Conference' and 'Citizen Jury System' are often used. In this study, we propose the revised citizen jury system as a solution to the conflict of supply of desalinated water. A panel of citizen jurors is randomly selected. However, In this case , it is necessary to carefully select members of the panel because residents are distrustful of the government and some other residents. If the panel is to be 20 people, 10 of 20 people are randomly selected and the remaining 10 people consist of residents favor of and oppose to supply of desalinated water. The Citizen jury system will be able to find a third alternative instead of a mere conclusion that whether desalinated water will be or not supplied.

지방의제 21 추진과정에 대한 평가와 정책과제

문경주(Moon Kyung-Joo),강성철(Kang Sung-Chul),김좌관(Kim Jwa-Kwan) 경성대학교 사회과학연구소 2006 社會科學硏究 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 지방의제 21이 추진된 지 10년이 지닌 시점에서 부산지역의 지방의제 21의 추진과정에 대해 평가하고 지방의제 21의 활성화하기 위한 정책방안을 모색하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 평가내용을 요약하면 우선 지방의제 21 추진이 지방정부의 주도에 의한 지역사회의 다양한 이해관계자의 자발적 참여부족, 제도적, 재정적 지원이 부재하거나 미흡, 지방정부간의 수직적ㆍ수평적 협력체계의 미비 등이다. 그리고 이러한 평가를 토대로 하여 향후 지방의제 21 활성화하기 위한 정책과제에 대해서 요약하면 지방 의제 21 내용의 포괄성 강화, 지방의제 21 참여자의 다양화, 참여자간의 의견수렴을 통한 협력강화, 지방 의제 21 실천성 제고, 국내외 지방정부간의 네크워킹의 강화 지방의제 21 관련제도 마련과 재정확보이다. Local Agenda 21(LA21) represents a response by municipal governments to the agenda set out at the Rio Earth Summit. Individual LA 21s seek to construct a sustainability program for their area, aimed at integrating enviornmental, economic and social objectives, this paper examines critically achievement of the LA 21 process in Busan. Particular attention is given to policy development of the LA 21s in Busan. It shows that LA 21 systems in Busan remain narrowly defined, focusing on environmental issue, led by municipality not stakeholders participating in the LA21 process, the main constraints in Busan include the failure to install institutional devices with regard to LA 21 as well as inter-organizational networking between vertical and horizontal level. We stress that LA 21 systems in Busan move from agenda building to meaningful action by the policy development that this paper proposed.

도시 삶의 질 분석과 정책적 개선방안

문경주(Moon Kyung-Joo),이병철(Lee Byung-Chul) 경성대학교 사회과학연구소 2007 社會科學硏究 Vol.23 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 울산광역시를 분석대상으로 하여 객관적 측정지표와 시민의 주관적 인식도 조사를 통해 삶의 질을 분석하고 현 단계의 삶의 질 여건을 개선하기 위한 정책방안을 모색하는 것이다. 삶의 질을 분석하기 위해 도시의 삶의 질을 구성하는 하위 부문을 산업경제부문, 주거환경부문, 교육문화부문, 사회복지부문, 사회안전부문으로 분류하여 객관적 지표측정과 주관적 인식도 조사를 병행하였다. 객관적 지표상으로는 종합적 삶의 질이 시간이 경과함에 따라 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 하위부문별로는 시간의 경과에 따라 산업경제부문, 주거환경부문,사회복지부문의 삶의 질이 개선되는 추이를 보였지만 사회안전부문과 교육환경부문의 삶의 질은 개선되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 주관적 인식조사에서는 울산시의 주택사정, 문화시설여건, 사회복지시설여건, 범죄발생에 대한 안정성, 교통사고발생의 위험성에 대해 시민들이 부정적으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 분석결과를 토대로 본 연구에서는 울산시 삶의 질 개선을 위한 정책방안을 각 부문별로 제시하였다. The aim of this study is to analyze Quality of Life and search for policy alternatives for better conditions of Urban Life. At first, this study classifies the subsectors of Quality of Life that have an effect on urban life through the preceding study related to Ouality of Life. Secondly, The objective indices is selected to measure Quality of Life and the questionnaire is drawn up to survey the subjective perception of the townspeople regard to the condition of urban life. According to results of analysis, the urban economy sector has been advanced, on the other hand, the main infrastructures of urban which include housing, cultural facilities, social welfare facilities and the condition of social safety have been deteriorated. policy alternatives for better conditions of urban life are suggested concretely in five subsecors of Quality of Urban Life.

지역사회 시니어클럽 특성별 상대적 효율성 분석

주수현(Joo, Soo Hyun),김수영(Kim, Soo Young),박재영(Park, Jae Young),문경주(Moon, Kyung Joo) 한국지역사회학회 2017 지역사회연구 Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of this study is to estimate the relative efficiency of the senior clubs that have played a central role in the elderly job program, and to investigate the efficiency difference. The model is divided into two : public interest seeking type and startup promotion type according to the characteristics difference and regress the determinants of efficiency as Tobit model and derive the policy implication. The efficiency of 35 senior clubs according to the type of business, type of corporation, the ratio of public benefit and entrepreneurial budget, and whether or not to support central government subsidy were analyzed. The result shows significant differences statistically in the ratio of utilities budget to entrepreneurship and local government budget. The total efficiency of the group with the public utility type budget ratio was higher by 0.8982 than that of the business type. The efficiency of the group operated by the local government support budget alone was 0.8968. The IRS type accounted for 14.29% (5 DMUs) of the senior club, CRS type of 37.14% (13 DMUs) and IRS type of 48.57% (17 DMUs). Regression analysis by the Tobit model showed that the higher the institutional satisfaction, the higher the efficiency. Based on the results, we propose a plan to improve efficiency in terms of economies of scale for senior clubs with a high proportion of publicly – funded budgets compared to entrepreneurship and senior clubs operated solely with local government supportive funds.

대학생의 자살사고와 관련된 MMPI-2 프로파일

이주영 ( Joo Young Lee ),문경주 ( Kyung Joo Moon ),허자영 ( Ja Young Heo ) 서강대학교 학생생활상담연구소 2012 人間理解 Vol.33 No.2

노인가구의 빈곤 실태와 소득이전 효과에 관한 연구: 빈곤율, 빈곤갭, 소득이전을 중심으로

진재문 ( Jae Moon Jjn ),김수영 ( Soo Young Kim ),문경주 ( Kyung Joo Moon ) 한국사회복지정책학회 2014 사회복지정책 Vol.41 No.3

본 연구는 한국노동패널자료 13차년도 자료를 이용하여 65세 이상 노인인구의 절대빈곤, 상대빈곤의 빈곤율과 빈곤갭의 규모를 밝히고, 공적소득이전과 사적소득이전이 노인가구의 절대빈곤율, 상대빈곤율을 어느 정도 감소시키는가를 실증적으로 규명하고자 하였고, 특히 그동안 간과되어 왔던 빈곤갭에 대한 소득이전의 영향을 밝히고자 하였다. 분석결과 노인가구의 절대빈곤율은 비노인가구의 5배가 넘었고 상대빈곤율 역시 약 4배 가까이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 반대로 중산층 비율은 비노인가구의 약 60% 정도에 불과하여 전반적으로 비노인가구에 비하여 노인가구의 빈곤이 매우 심각함을 보여주고 있다. 소득이전의 효과를 보면 공적이전의 빈곤율 및 빈곤갭의 감소 효과는 미미한 반면, 사적소득이전은 빈곤율을 약 13.5%p 감소시키고, 빈곤갭은 약 2/3 가까이 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 노인가구의 빈곤에 대한 경감은 사회보장에 의한 공적소득이전 보다는 사적소득이전에 크게 의존하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 노인들의 노후 경제적 안정을 위해 공적연금 같은 사회보장을 강화하는 것과 함께, 사적소득이전체계를 견실하게 유지할 수 있는 공동체의 형성이 중요함을 보여준다. The purpose of this study was to reveal the absolute poverty rate, the relative poverty rate, and the poverty gap of elderly-headed households in Korea. And this study analysed the reduction-effects of the public income transfer and the private income transfer on the poverty rate and the poverty gap. Analysing was based on the 13th wave of the The Korean Labor & Income Panel Study(KLIPS) data. The results were as follows. First, the absolute poverty rate of elderly-headed households got to fivefold compared to non-elderly-headed households, and got to about fourfold in the relative poverty rate. The rate of middle class in elderly-headed households attained only 60% compared to the one of non-elderly-headed households. Second, on poverty rate and the poverty gap, the reduction-effect of the private income transfer was much stronger than the public income transfer. Absolute poverty rate has decreased about 13.5%, and the poverty gap has decreased by two-thirds through the private income transfer to elderly-headed households. We think that Korean society has to make more solidaristic and filial community and that Korean government has to reinforce social security system for the elderly. When those happen, income transfers can be worked more effectively.