Emotional Labor and its Related Factors in Nurses in the Outpatient Department

Eun-Jeong Ma(마은정),Kuemsun Han(한금선) 대한스트레스학회 2020 스트레스硏究 Vol.28 No.3

본 연구는 외래근무 간호사의 감정노동과 관련요인의 관계를 규명하기 위한 서술적 상관관계연구이다. 대상자는 서울, 경기 지역 대학병원에서 근무하는 외래간호사 236명으로 하였으며, 감정노동과 관련요인(직무자율성, 사회적 지지, 자아존중감, 감성지능, 정서상태, 지각된 감정요구)에 대한 척도를 사용하였다. 지각된 감정 요구도가 높을수록 감정노동 정도가 높고, 직무자율성, 자아존중감이 높을수록 감정노동 정도가 낮게 나타났다. 감정노동 설명 요인을 확인하기 위한 다중회귀분석 결과, 자아존중감과 지각된 감정요구는 감정노동을 30.9% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 간호관리자와 병원경영자는 외래근무 간호사의 감정노동과 관련요인의 부정적 효과를 최소화하고, 감정노동을 감소시키기 위한 교육프로그램 개발이 요구된다. Background: This study was designed to identify the degree of emotional labor of nurses in the outpatient department and the factors which affect it (job autonomy, social support, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, affective well-being, and perceived emotion requirement). Methods: The participants included 236 nurses working in outpatient clinics. This study used a scale on emotional labor and its related factors (job autonomy, social support, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, affective well-being, and perceived emotion requirement). Results: Emotional labor was positively correlated with perceived emotional requirement and was negatively correlated with job autonomy and self-esteem. The result of multiple regression analysis conducted to identify related factors of emotional labor showed that self-esteem and perceived emotional requirement were significantly related to and explained 30.9% of emotional labor. Conclusions: Nursing managers and hospital administrators must minimize the emotional labor experienced by outpatient nurses and the negative effects of its related factors, and maximize positive effects through educational training programs.

공학디자인: 융합적 상상력과 공학적 지식

마은정 ( Ma Eun Jeong ) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2016 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.24 No.-

This paper aims to propose a way to diversify engineering education and practice via the merge between engineering and social science, humanities and arts. The paper is based on documentary analysis of newspapers, in-depth interviews, annual review reports, and participant observation. Based on about three years of experience to participate in the process of building an innovative engineering program, the paper follows the trajectory of a contested epistemic and pragmatic space, where the topography of engineering practice and education has to be reconfigured and remapped. It explores a formative hybrid space, in which experts with a wide range of disciplinary matrix in a Kuhnian sense mix together under the same departmental roof of the university to foster creative innovators in information technology (IT)-related fields. In recent decades, the incorporation of non-technical elements such as social science, humanities, and arts and design into core engineering curricula has never been more emphasized in the Korean national context. Inspired by the success of Silicon Valley and IT giants such as Google and Facebook, the government viewed that the unique element of their success should be found in the infusion between the technical and the social/the humanistic. As a way to cultivate future creative innovators with global competence, in 2011 the South Korean government funded two major universities to design an engineering program at the undergraduate and graduate levels. This offered a timely opportunity for the electrical engineering faculty to reformulate engineering community and to redress as innovative community. Drawing on such concepts as trading zones, boundary objects, and boundary organizations, the paper presents a case study of how this particular sort of innovation community is formed through collaborative efforts between engineers, the industry, the government, and others. First, it argues that a hybrid form of engineering education can help design engineering to nurture students as future global leaders and innovators. Second, it concludes that engineers and social scientists/humanists can manage to collaborate together despite their cultural and intellectual incommensurability if incentivizing environments are securely provided. Third, it proposes that both social scientists and engineers should become cultural innovators to build creatively successful intellectual and cultural hybrids. Forth, the paper notes that entrepreneurial citizenship is a useful tool to exercise hybrid imagination in a global age.

가바펜틴에 의한 스티븐스-존슨 증후군

마정은 ( Jeong Eun Ma ),김현식 ( Hyun Sik Kim ),박동준 ( Dong Jun Park ),김호철 ( Ho Cheol Kim ),이종덕 ( Jong Deok Lee ),황영실 ( Young Sil Hwang ),정이영 ( Yi Yeong Jeong ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2007 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.27 No.4

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe, diffuse mucocutaneous eruption causing erythematous or purpuric macules, blisters, target lesions. Other manifestations include fever and mucosal lesions (stomatitis, conjunctivitis, or urethral inflammation) accompanied by at least one other visceral organ, such as hepatic, renal or gastrointestinal involvement. SJS is essentially a drug-induced disease and common causative agents include antibacterial sulfonamides, anticonvulsant agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and allopurinol. Gabapentin is usually considered to be a safe agent for patients with a previous history of drug allergies and there are rare cases of SJS induced by gabapentin. We experienced a 68-year-old woman who developed whole body mucosal erosions with widespread erythematous maculopapular skin rashes after ingestion of gabapentin. After discontinuation of gabapentin and use of systemic steroids, symptoms, signs and laboratory findings gradually improved. We report a case of SJS diagnosed by characteristic clinical findings with a brief review of the literature. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;27:283-286)

Designing Engineering

Ma, Eun Jeong(마은정) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2016 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.24 No.-

This paper aims to propose a way to diversify engineering education and practice via the merge between engineering and social science, humanities and arts. The paper is based on documentary analysis of newspapers, in-depth interviews, annual review reports, and participant observation. Based on about three years of experience to participate in the process of building an innovative engineering program, the paper follows the trajectory of a contested epistemic and pragmatic space, where the topography of engineering practice and education has to be reconfigured and remapped. It explores a formative hybrid space, in which experts with a wide range of disciplinary matrix in a Kuhnian sense mix together under the same departmental roof of the university to foster creative innovators in information technology (IT)-related fields. In recent decades, the incorporation of non-technical elements such as social science, humanities, and arts and design into core engineering curricula has never been more emphasized in the Korean national context. Inspired by the success of Silicon Valley and IT giants such as Google and Facebook, the government viewed that the unique element of their success should be found in the infusion between the technical and the social/the humanistic. As a way to cultivate future creative innovators with global competence, in 2011 the South Korean government funded two major universities to design an engineering program at the undergraduate and graduate levels. This offered a timely opportunity for the electrical engineering faculty to reformulate engineering community and to redress as innovative community. Drawing on such concepts as trading zones, boundary objects, and boundary organizations, the paper presents a case study of how this particular sort of innovation community is formed through collaborative efforts between engineers, the industry, the government, and others. First, it argues that a hybrid form of engineering education can help design engineering to nurture students as future global leaders and innovators. Second, it concludes that engineers and social scientists/humanists can manage to collaborate together despite their cultural and intellectual incommensurability if incentivizing environments are securely provided. Third, it proposes that both social scientists and engineers should become cultural innovators to build creatively successful intellectual and cultural hybrids. Forth, the paper notes that entrepreneurial citizenship is a useful tool to exercise hybrid imagination in a global age.

게임잼: 창의융합교육 플랫폼으로서의 가능성에 대한 연구

마은정(Eun jeong Ma) 한국컴퓨터게임학회 2017 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지 Vol.30 No.2

With rapid advances in science and technology, there is a greater demand and need to revolutionize higher education with strong emphasis on creative convergence. Lately STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) has been deemed as a possible solution to stimulate creative convergent education. Aligning with STEAM pedagogical philosophy, this paper presents a case of game jam as an alternative educational platform that helps to encourage creativity and collaboration across diverse cultures and disciplinary boundaries at the global level. Game jam is a social event at which programmers, graphic designers, producers, and game mangers work together to make a playable game within given time constraints. Based on empirical experimentation with and observation on global applied game jam over the past few years, this paper suggests that global applied game can serve as a creative convergent educational platform within and beyond traditional classroom settings.

안정된 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환환자와 급성 악화상태의 혈중 Osteopontin 농도 비교

마정은 ( Jeong Eun Ma ),이승훈 ( Seung Hun Lee ),김유은 ( Yu Eun Kim ),임수진 ( Su Jin Lim ),이승준 ( Seung Jun Lee ),정이영 ( Yi Yeong Jeong ),김호철 ( Ho Cheol Kim ),이종덕 ( Jong Deog Lee ),황영실 ( Young Sil Hwang ),조유지 ( Y 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2011 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.71 No.3

Background: Osteopontin (Opn) is recognized as an important adhesive bone matrix protein and a key cytokine involved in immune cell recruitment and tissue repair and remolding. However, serum levels of osteopontin have not been evaluated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the serum levels of osteopontin in patients experiencing COPD exacerbations and in patients with stable COPD. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 22 healthy control subjects, 18 stable COPD patients, and 15 COPD with exacerbation patients. Serum concentrations of osteopontin were measured by the ELISA method. Results: Serum levels of osteopontin were higher in patients with acute exacerbation than with stable COPD and in healthy control subjects (62.4±51.9 ng/mL, 36.9±11.1 ng/mL, 30±11 ng/mL, test for trend p=0.003). In the patients with COPD exacerbation, the osteopontin levels when the patient was discharged from the hospital tended to decrease compared to those at admission (45±52.1 ng/mL, 62.4±51.9 ng/mL, p=0.160). Osteopontin levels significantly increased according to patient factors, including never-smoker, ex-smoker and current smoker (23±5.7 ng/mL, 35.5±17.6 ng/mL, 58.6±47.8 ng/mL, test for trend p=0.006). Also, osteopontin levels showed a significantly negative correlation with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) predicted in healthy controls and stable COPD patients (r=?0.389; p=0.013). C-reactive protein (CRP) was positively correlated with osteopontin levels in patients with COPD exacerbation (r=0.775; p=0.002). Conclusion: The serum levels of osteopontin increased in patients with COPD exacerbation and tended to decrease after clinical improvement. These results suggest the possible role of osteopontin as a biomarker of acute exacerbation of COPD.

결핵균과 비결핵성항산균 검출에 Real-time PCR의 유용성

윤은영 ( Eun Young Yun ),조수희 ( Su Hee Cho ),고세일 ( Se Il Go ),백종하 ( Jong Ha Baek ),김유은 ( You Eun Kim ),마정은 ( Jeong Eun Ma ),이기동 ( Gi Dong Lee ),조유지 ( Yu Ji Cho ),정이영 ( Yi Yeong Jeong ),김호철 ( Ho Cheol Kim 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2010 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.69 No.4

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate recently developed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay kit to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in respiratory specimens. Methods: We assessed the positive rate of the real-time PCR assay to detect MTB and NTM in 87 culture-positive specimens (37 sputum, 50 bronchial washing), which were performed real-time PCR by using Real-QTM MTB&NTM Kit from January 2009 to June 2009, at Gyeongsang University Hospital. To compare the efficacy with the TB-PCR assay, we evaluated 63 culture-positive specimens (19 sputum, 44 bronchial washing) for MTB or NTM, which were performed TB-PCR by using ABSOLUTETM MTB II PCR Kit from March 2008 to August 2008. Results: Among 87 specimens tested using real-time PCR, MTB and NTM were cultured in 58 and 29, respectively. The positive rate of real-time PCR assay to detect MTB was 71% (22/31) and 92.6% (25/27) in AFB stain-negative and stain-positive specimens. For NTM, the positive rate of real-time PCR was 11.1% (2/18) and 72.7% (8/11) in AFB stain-negative and stain-positive specimens. Among 63 specimens performed using TB-PCR, MTB and NTM were cultured in 46 and 17, respectively. The positive rate of TB-PCR was 61.7% (21/34) and 100% (12/12) in AFB stain-negative and stain-positive specimens. TB-PCR was negative in all NTM-cultured 17 specimens. Conclusion: TB/NTM real-time PCR assay is useful to differentiate MTB and NTM in AFB stain-positive respiratory specimens and it is as effective in detecting MTB with TB-PCR.

메밀의 잎과 꽃을 이용한 차의 제조 및 이화학적 특성

정재천(Jae-Cheon Jeong),손영란(Young-Lan Son),이기앙(Gi-Ang Lee),이승태(Seung-Tae Lee),이경애(Gyeong-Ae Lee),이준안(Jun-An Lee),박은경(Eun-Gyeong Park),마승진(Seung-Jin Ma) 한국차학회 2014 한국차학회지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구에서는 산업적 활용도가 낮은 메밀의 잎, 꽃 등의 부위를 이용하여 부가가치가 높은 기능성차로 개발하기 위하여 먼저, 메밀 식물체의 각 부위(꽃, 어린잎, 성숙잎)별항산화효과 및 flavonoid계 성분의 함량을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 총페놀 화합물 함량, rutin 및 quercetin 함량 모두 메밀꽃 > 성숙잎 > 어린잎의 순으로 높은 함량을 보였으며 항산화활성은 성숙잎과 꽃에서 높은 활성을 보여 건강증진효능이 예상되는 대용차 소재로 메밀꽃과 잎을 혼용해서 사용하는 것이 유리하다고 판단되었다. 또한, 메밀꽃과 잎을 이용하여 증제차, 덖음차, 반발효차, 발효차로 제조한 후, 이화학적 특성 및 항산화효과를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 총페놀 화합물 함량은 반발효 > 증제> 덖음 > 발효의 순이었으며 rutin 함량은 증제 > 반발효 > 덖음 > 발효의 순이었고 quercetin 함량은 발효 > 증제 > 반발효 > 덖음의 순이었고 환원당 함량은 반발효 > 덖음 > 발효 > 증제의 순이었으며 항산화활성은 반발효차가 가장 높게 나타났으나 그 외 덖음, 증제, 발효차에서는 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 한편, 제조된 메밀잎차의 관능평가에서는 발효차와 반발효차가 색과 향 부분에서 좋은 평가를 얻었다. 이상의 연구 결과, 메밀의 꽃과 잎은 기능성 대용차의 소재로 충분한 가치가 있는 소재로 판단되었으며 기존의 종자 위주의 메밀의 이용 범주를 현재 이용도가 극히 낮은 꽃과 잎으로 넓히는 효과를 기대할 수 있다고 생각되었다. 또한, 메밀의 꽃과 잎을 이용하여 대용차로 개발하는 경우, 반발효 방식의 가공법이 바람직하다고 판단되었다. The physiochemical properties of tea (steamed tea, roasted tea, semi-fermented tea and fermented tea) prepared from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) leaves and flowers which showed high contents of polyphenols including rutin and quercetin and free radical scavenging activity, with different manufacturing processes were examined to develop a functional tea to increase its industrial utilization. As a result, the contents of total phenol compounds in these teas were in the following order: semi-fermented tea > steamed tea > roasted tea > fermented tea. The rutin and quercetin contents were found to be in the following order: steamed tea > semi-fermented tea > roasted tea > fermented tea > steamed tea > semi-fermented tea > roasted tea, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity was found to be high in semi-fermented tea and did not show a significant difference in the other teas. The sensory evaluations revealed the semi-fermented tea and the fermented tea to have higher flavor and color scores than non-fermented tea such as steamed tea and roasted tea. These results suggest that semi-fermented tea manufacturing is a good process for developing a commercial product from the leaves and flowers of buckwheat.

우중엽증후군의 원인 -최근 수년간 지역 3차 병원의 경험-

김현옥 ( Hyun Ok Kim ),마정은 ( Jeong Eun Ma ),이승준 ( Seung Jun Lee ),조유지 ( Yu Ji Cho ),정이영 ( Yi Yeong Jeong ),전경녀 ( Kyoung Nyeo Jeon ),김호철 ( Ho Cheol Kim ),이종덕 ( Jong Deok Lee ),황영실 ( Young Sil Hwang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2007 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.62 No.3

배경: 우중엽증후군은 반복적이고 만성적인 우중엽의 허탈을 나타내는 질환으로 그 원인은 매우 다양하다. 최근 국내에서 우중엽증후군의 원인에 대한 발표는 부족한 실정이어서 저자들은 최근 수년간 지역 3차 병원에서 경험한 우중엽증후군의 원인과 임상적 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2003년 1월부터 2006년 7월까지 경상대학교 병원에 내원하여 흉부 단순촬영 또는 전산화 단층촬영에서 우중엽증후군이 의심되어 기관지내시경 검사를 시행한 88명의 환자(남:여=22:64, 평균연령: 67.2±10.3)를 대상으로 그 원인과 임상적 특징을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 1) 여자가 64예(72.7%)로 남자보다 많았고 연령별 빈도에서 65세 이상의 고령환자가 58예로 65.9%를 차지하였다. 2) 임상 증상은 기침이 30예(34.1%)로 가장 흔하게 나타났고, 호흡곤란 21예(23.9%), 객담 15예(17.0%), 객혈 11예(12.5%), 흉부통증과 전신 쇠약감이 각각 5예(5.7%)에서 나타났으며, 증상이 없이 우연히 발견된 경우가 8예(9.1%)였다. 3) 흉부 방사선 촬영에서는 무기폐 49예(55.7%), 폐경화 43예(48.9%), 종괴 4예(4.5%) 소견을 보였다. 4) 기관지내시경 검사 소견에서 충혈을 동반한 점막 부종 38예(43.2%), 탄분증을 동반한 점막 부종 16예(18.2%), 점액 매복(mucus impaction) 13예(14.8%), 섬유성 협착 10예(11.4%), 종괴 8예(9.1%), 삼출성 조직 괴사 4예(4.5%), 외인성 압박에 의한 협착 2예(2.3%), 정상 12예(13.6%)로 나타났다. 5) 원인 질환은 결핵이 23예(26.1%, 기관지 결핵 22예, 폐결핵 1예)로 가장 많았고, 염증성 변화에 의한 양성 협착 22예(25%), 탄분섬유화증 13예(14.8%), 폐렴 11예(12.5%), 폐암 10예(11.4%), 점액 매복 3예(3.4%), 기관지 확장증 2예(2.3%), 특별한 이상이 발견되지 않은 경우가 7예(8.0%)이었다. 결론: 본 연구에서 우중엽증후군은 65세 이상의 환자에서 흔하게 관찰되었으며, 원인은 대부분 양성 질환이었고, 그 중 기관지 결핵이 가장 흔한 원인이었다. Background: Right middle lobe syndrome (RMLS) is defined as transient or chronic and recurrent atelectasis of the right middle lobe. Although numerous conditions are associated with RMLS, there are very few recent reports in Korea. This study evaluated the causes of RMLS in a local tertiary hospitalover a period of 42 months. Method: Eighty-eight patients (M:F=64:22, mean age: 67.2±10.3 years), who had consistent chest radiography findings and underwent bronchoscopy in Gyeongsang University Hospital from January 2003 to July 2006, were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics and causes of RMLS in these patients were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The most common symptoms fo RMLS were cough, dyspnea and sputum. Tuberculosis was the most common cause (endobronchial tuberculosis in 22 and pulmonary tuberculosis in 1) The other causes were bronchial stenosis by benign fibrotic changes in 22 cases (25%), anthracofibrosis in 13 cases (14.8%), pneumonia in 11 cases (12.5%), lung cancer in 10 cases (11.4%), mucus impaction in 3 cases (3.4%), bronchiectasis in 2 cases (2.3%) and no demonstrable causes in 7 cases (8%). The bronchoscopy findings were mucosal edema with hyperemic changes in 38 cases (43.2%), mucosal edema with anthracotic pigmentation in 16 cases (18.2%), mucus impaction in 13 cases (14.8%), fibrotic stenosis in 13 cases (14.8%), a mass like lesion in 8 cases (9.1%), exudative necrotic material in 4 cases (4.5%), narrowing as a result of extrinsic compression in 2 cases (2.3%) and no demonstrable abnormalities in 12 cases (13.6%). Conclusion: Right middle lobe syndrome was observed more frequently in patients over the age of 65. The causes were mainly benign diseases with endobronchial tuberculosis being the most common. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2007; 62: 192-196)

삽주 종간교잡 육성품종 특성 및 세포독성 평가

정진태(Jin-Tae Jeong),최두진(Doo Jin Choi),이정훈(Jeong-Hoon Lee),한종원(Jong Won Han),이은송(Eun-song Lee),오명원(Myeong Won Oh),이이(Yi Lee),마경호(Kyung Ho Ma),김금숙(Geum-Soog Kim),윤영호(Yeong-Ho Yun),이대영(Dae Young Lee) 한국원예학회 2023 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2023 No.5