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국내 유통 약용작물 중 카드뮴, 수은, 납, 비소 함량 모니터링 및 위해성 평가
김혁수 ( Hyuck Soo Kim ),김권래 ( Kwon Rae Kim ),홍창오 ( Chang Oh Hong ),고우리 ( Woo Ri Go ),정선희 ( Seon Hee Jeong ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyock Yoo ),조남준 ( Nam Jun Cho ),홍진환 ( Jin Hwan Hong ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2015 한국환경농학회지 Vol.34 No.4
BACKGROUND: The current study was carried out to investigate Cd, Hg, Pb and As contaminations in 222commercial medicinal plants and to estimate the potential health risk through dietary intake of commercial medicinal plants in Korea.METHODS AND RESULTS: The Cd, Hg, Pb, and As in medicinal plants were analyzed by ICP/MS and mercury analyzer.The potential health risk was estimated using risk assessment tools. Total amount of Cd in medicinal plants with 29% samples exceeded the standard limit legislated in‘Pharmaceutical Affairs Act’ while all plant samples were lower than the standard limit value for As, Hg, and Pb.However, when applying the standard limit for rootvegetable (fresh weight) in the Food Sanitation Act, four samples exceeded the standard limit of Pb. For health risk assessment, the values of cancer risk probability were 0.3~5.9×10^{-7} which were less than the acceptable cancer risk of 10^{-6}~10^{-4} for regulatory purpose. Also, Hazard quotientvalues were lower than 1.0.CONCLUSION: Therefore, these results demonstrated that human exposure to Cd, Hg, Pb, and As through dietary intake of commercial medicinal plants might notcause adverse health effects although some medicinal plants were higher than the standard limit values for Cd and Pb.
04 포스터 발표 : 농식품 환경분야(PF) ; PF-04 : 국내 유통 약용작물 중 Cd, Hg, Pb, As 함량 모니터링 및 위해성 평가
김혁수 ( Hyuck Soo Kim ),김권래 ( Kwon Rae Kim ),홍창오 ( Chang Oh Hong ),고우리 ( Woo Ri Go ),정선희 ( Seon Hee Jeong ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyock Yoo ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2015 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2015 No.-
오늘날 건강에 대한 관심이 날로 증대되면서 약용작물이 질병 치료 목적 뿐만 아니라 건강 예방 및체력 회복을 위한 건강 기능성 식품으로도 널리 활용되고 있다. 하지만 급속도로 약용작물 산업이 발전하면서 최근 이들 약용작물에 대한 안전성 우려가 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 안전한 약용작물의 지속적인 유통을 도모하고자 유통 약용작물의 중금속 및 비소 함량을 분석하고, 이를 기반으로 위해성평가를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 전국 6개 도시(서울, 수원, 대전, 광주, 전주, 김천)에서 유통 중인 8품목,인삼(Panax ginseng), 도라지(Platycodon grandiflorum), 더덕(Codonopsis lanceolate), 황기(Astragalusmembranaceus), 당귀(Angelica gigas), 마(Dioscorea batatas), 생강(Zingiber officinale), 천궁(Cnidiumofficinale) 총 222건의 약용작물을 수집하였다. 각 시료는 microwave로 산분해 후 ICP-MS를 이용해Cd, Pb, As를 분석하였고, Hg은 수은분석기를 이용해 측정하였다. 약용작물 섭취에 의한 인체 위해성을 파악하고자 중금속 및 비소의 일일평균노출량을 산출하고 이를 이용하여 발암위해확률(Cancer risk probability)과 비발암위해도(Hazard quotient)를 각각 평가하였다. 222건의 약용작물중 Cd, Hg, Pb, As 함량은 각각 0.05~0.26 mg/kg, 0.53~3.47 μg/kg, 0.20~0.45 mg/kg,0.022~0.26 mg/kg의 범위를 나타냈다. 이를 약사법 의거 ‘대한민국약전’ 및 ‘대한민국약전외한약(생약)규격집’ 허용기준과 비교하면 Pb, Hg, As 함량은 모두 기준 이하로 나타났지만 Cd 함량은17건(당귀: 11건, 생강: 4건, 도라지, 황귀: 각각 1건)이 기준을 초과하였다. 또한 식품위생법 ‘식품의 기준 및 규격’에 포함되는 인삼, 도라지, 더덕, 생강은 생체중 기준 생강 4개 시료가 Pb 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 위해성 평가 결과 각 약용작물 섭취에 의한 발암위해확률은 일반적으로 적용되는 허용 수준 10-6~10-4 보다 낮은 수준을 보였고, 비발암독성위험값 산출 결과는 Cd, Hg, Pb, As 모두 1 이하로 나타나, 약용작물 섭취로 인한 비발암위해 가능성은 매우 낮은 것으로 보인다. 결과적으로 일부 약용작물의 Cd 또는 Pb 함량이 허용기준을 초과했지만 유통 약용작물을 장기간 섭취하더라도 인체 위해성은 매우 낮은 수준으로 나타났다. 따라서 현재 약사법과 식품위생법에 고시되어 있는 약용작물 중금속 허용기준의 통합적인 관리와 적용 기준치의 재검토가 이뤄진다면 안정적인 약용작물 재배 및 유통이 지속적으로 이뤄질 것으로 판단된다.
유기개량제 및 황토처리에 따른 알타리무의 비소와 카드뮴의 흡수
( Anitha Kunhikrishnan ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ),고우리 ( Woo Ri Go ),이정미 ( Jeong Mi Lee ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),류지혁 ( Ji Hyuck Yoo ),김두호 ( Doo Ho Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-
Agricultural soils contaminated by arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) have become an important issue as a result of industrial activities in the vicinity of agricultural areas, excessive application of contaminated fertilizers and manures, and irrigation with metal(loid)s-contaminated water. This study investigated the effect of organic amendments (vermicompost (VC), and hairy vetch (HV) and sesame meal biochars (SS BCs)) and red soil (RS-2% and 4%) on the availability of As and Cd in radish (Raphanus sativus) in a highly and medium contaminated As soil. A highly As-contaminated (HA) soil (1341.54 mg As kg-1, 2.99 mg Cd kg-1, pH 6.85) and a medium As-contaminated (MA) soil (112.45 mg As kg-1, 1.98 mg Cd kg-1, pH 7.66) was incubated for a week in the presence of RS and other organic amendments and used for pot experiment. The results indicated that HV BC and 2% RS decreased total As and Cd significantly in HA soil, whereas in MA soil, As uptake was reduced significantly by HV and SS BCs, and VC. Cadmium uptake in MA soil was not reduced significantly by any amendments and also RS (2 and 4%) increased the As and Cd uptake compared to the control in MA soil. Total As and Cd uptake in VC was higher than the control in HA soil, whereas it decreased in the MA soil. The dry matter content decreased in HA soil in the presence of all the amendments, while in MA soil only 4% RS increased the dry matter. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) values for Cd and As in HA and MA controls were 7.5 and 0.4, and 0.34 and 0.13, respectively. The BCF values decreased in amended HA As and Cd soils compared to control and the lowest value was observed in HV BC soil whereas, it increased in MA Cd soils. In MA As soil, the values decreased in BC treatments and increased in others. Although the amendments reduced the BCF values compared to control, the translocation factor (TF) values were >1 in HA As and Cd soils which shows that the bioavailability and translocation of As and Cd from root to shoot was enhanced. The TF value was >1 in MA As control and 4% RS soils and <1 for others with significant decrease observed in BCs-treated soils. In MA Cd soil, the amendments have only slightly decreased the transfer of Cd from root to shoot compared to control. The results obtained varied widely between the soils, elements and the treatments. This study suggests that radish in the absence of amendments could be used for phytostabilisation of Cd in HA soil and for phytoextraction of As and Cd in MA soils. In the case of amendments, only BCs offer some promising results in the remediation of medium As-and Cd-contaminated soils. However, a field experiment is required to confirm the results obtained from the glass house study to carefully understand the behavior of amendments in the presence of As and Cd.