A Study on Concentration and Application Time of Lithium Sulfate-Contained Polyacrylic Acid for Adequate Crystal Growth

노정섭,태기출,김상철,Roh, Joung-Sub,Kim, Sang-Cheol,Tae, Ki-Chul The Korean Association Of Orthodontists 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.6

본 연구는 각각 다른 농도의 황산리튬을 함유한 폴리아크릴산을 적용시간을 변화시켜 치아의 법랑질 표면에 도포하여 크리스탈을 형성하고 그 위에 도제브라켓을 부착한후 전단결합강도와 파절양상을 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 농도가 서로다른 흔합용액 4종류를 교정치료를 위해 발거된 건전한 소구치 48개의 법랑질 표면에 적용시켰다. 실험용액들은 $50\%$의 폴리아크릴산과 $65\%$의 폴리아크릴산을 기본 용액으로 하여 0.3M의 황산을 공통으로 첨가하고 각각 0.3M 이나 0.6M의 황산리튬을 첨가하여 만들었다. 30초나 60초 동안 준비된 용액을 법랑질 표면에 적용한 후 브라켓을 부착시켜 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 또한 브라켓 부착 전과 부착 후의 크리스탈 형성 양상을 주사전자현미경을 통하여 관찰하였다. 치아 표면의 잔여 레진 양을 입체현미경을 통하여 관찰하고 분류하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. $50\%$ 폴리아크릴산으로 처리하였을 때의 전단결합강도가 $65\%$ 폴리아크릴산에 비해 높았다. 2. 황산리튬의 농도나 적용시간에 따른 전단결합강도의 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 3. 브라켓 제거 후 법랑질 표면에서 레진이 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 4. $50\%$ 폴리아크릴산으로 처리하였을 때의 크리스탈 형성 밀도가 $65\%$ 폴리아크릴산의 경우 보다 높았다. The purpose of this study was to compare shear bonding strengths and debonding patterns of the ceramic brackets attached on the crystal which were grown on the enamel surface of a tooth with different concentrations of lithium sulphate-contained polyacrylic acid in different application times. Four kinds of concentrations of mixed solutions were made and applied to the enamel surface on extracted human premolars. The solutions were made by adding 0.3M or 0.6M of lithium sulfate to $50\%\;or\;65\%$ of polyacrylic acid with 0.3M sulfuric acid. The solutions were applied for 30 or 60 seconds. After bonding, a universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength, and then observations were made of debonding patterns through the stereoscope. And the enamel surface was observed through the scanning electron microscope to examine the pattern of crystal growth and debonding. The results were as follows: 1. Shear bond strength in the enamel surface treated with $50\%$ polyacrylic acid was higher than that with $65\%$ polyacrylic acid. 2. There were no statistical differences in shear bond strength according to concentration of lithium sulfate and application time of solutions . 3. Enamel surface was almost free of resin debris after debonding. 4. Enamel surface treated with $50\%$ polyacrylic acid showed higher density of crystal growth than that with $65\%$ polyacrylic acid under scanning electron microscope.

A Study on Concentration and Application Time of Lithium Sulfate-Contained Polyacrylic Acid for Adequate Crystal Growth

Joung-Sub Roh(노정섭),Sang-Cheol Kim(김상철),Ki-Chul Tae(태기출) 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.6

폴리아크릴산과 인산으로 법랑질표면 처리후 전단결합강도의 비교

노정섭(Joung-Sub Roh),김상철(Sang-Cheol Kim) 대한치과교정학회 2002 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.32 No.1

이번 연구의 목적은 3가지의 서로 다른 법랑질 표면처리용액을 사용하였을 때 각각의 경우 전단결합강도를 실험실에서 측정하고 비교해보는 것이다 : (1)30% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium stlfate (2)40% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium sulfate (3)37% phosphoric acid 105개의 사람의 소구치를 35개씩 3개군으로 분류하였다. 3가지의 준비된 용액을 분류된 각 군에 적용하고 동일한 자가 중합 레진을 사용하여 금속 브라켓을 부착하였다. 각각의 치아마다 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 브라켓을 제거한후 법랑징표면과 브라켓 베이스의 파절양상을 입체현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 30%와 40% 폴리아크릴산응 사용한 군에서 측정된 전단결합강도는 37% 인산을 사용한 그룹의 2/3수즌으로 임상적 응용이 가능한 수준이었으나 충분하지 않았다. 2. 폴리아크릴산 그룹간의 전단결합강도에서는 통계학적으로 유의성이 없었다. 3. 브라켓의 탈락양상을 관찰한 결과 폴리아크릴산을 사용한 군에서는 브라켓과 접착제간의 파절보다 접착제와 법랑질간의 파절빈도가 높았다. 이산을 사용한 군에서는 폴리아크릴산의 군과 반대로 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 폴리아크릴산을 임상에 사용하려면 전단결합강도를 높일 수 있는 연구가 선행되어야 할것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to compare in vitro shear bonding strength with three different enamel surface preparations : (1) 30% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium sulfate (2) 40% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium sulfate (3) 37% phosphoric acid. 105 extracted human premolar teeth were divided into each three groupa of 35. Metal brackets were bonded to teeth in the three geoups. The same self curing resin was used for all groups. A shearing force was applied to the teeth. After debonding, bases of bracket and enamel surfaces were examined uner steroscopic microscope to determine the failure modes. Statistical analysis of data was cattied out with one way ANOVA and Student t-test. The results as follows. 1. Shear bond strength values for 30% polyacrylic acid and 40% polyacrylic acid group were approximately tow thirds of the phosphoric acid group. It maintains clinically acceptable but not enough bond sterngth. 2. There was no statistically significant difference in shear bond strengths betwen 30% and 40% polyacrylic acid group. 3. The failure modes of brackets had some differences. In polvacrvlic acid groups. the percentage of adhesive/enamel failure was higher than that of adhesive/ bracket interface failure. On the contrary in phosphoric acid groups, the results reversed. Further study of bond strength could be required. If polyacrylic acid enamel conditioning is used clinically.

vitamin D₃와 retinoic acid가 사람 골수 줄기세포의 골세포 분화 증식에 미치는 영향

노정섭,김은철,김상철 원광대학교 치의학연구소 2003 圓光齒醫學 Vol.12 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of vitamin D₃and retinoic acid on the growth and osteogenic differentiations of the human mesenchymal stem cells(MSC). Cell proliferation rate was determined by MTT assay, mineralization assay was determined by alizarin red stain, cell cycle analysis was done by flow cytometry, p53, pRb, p21, BMP-2 and BSP were detected by Western blot analysis. The observed results were as follows. 1. Cell viability was decreased by vitamin D₃ or retinoic acid(RA) added to MSC, it was more decreased by mixed treatment of vitamin D₃ and RA(p<0.05). 2. The pattern of mineralized nudule formation was similar to the positive control group at 3 weeks in mixed treatment of vitamin D₃ and RA. 3. In mixed treatment of vitamin D₃ and RA, G1 stage was increased in 7 days of incubation, cell cycle progress was inhibited in 21 days of incubation as the increase of apoptosis. 4. Treatment vitamin D₃ inhibited the expression of p53 and p21, but increased that of pRb(phosphotylated retinoblastoma). Treatment of RA or mix of RA and vitamin D₃ inhibited the expression of p53, increased those of p21 and pRb. 5. The expression of BMP-2 was prominent in treated group of osteogenic supplement at 2 weeks, but vitamin D₃ decreased the expression of BMP-2 expression. Treatment of RA or mix of RA andvitamin D₃ showed the similar expression to that of negative control, but in 3 weeks, no significant difference was shown between control and experimental groups. 6. BSP was notably increased in the osteogenic supplement(0S) in comparison to positive control at 2 weeks, but treatment of vitamin D₃ showed the similar expression to the control group, treatment of RA or mix of RA and vitamin D₃ showed the least expression. These results suggested that vitamin D₃ and RA took the differential effects on the growth and differentiation of MSCs .

A Study on Concentration and Application Time of Lithium Sulfate-Contained Polyacrylic Acid for Adequ

Roh, Joung-Sub,Tae, Ki-Chul,Kim, Sang-Cheol 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.6

본 연구는 각각 다른 농도의 황산리튬을 함유한 폴리아크릴산을 적용시간을 변화시켜 치아의 법랑질 표면에 도포하여 크리스탈을 형성하고 그 위에 도제브라켓을 부착한 후 전단결합강도와 파절양상을 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 농도가 서로 다른 혼합용액 4종류를 교정치료를 위해 발거된 건전한 소구치 48개의 법랑질 표면에 적용시켰다. 실험용액들은 50%의 폴리아크릴산과 65%의 폴리아크릴산을 기본용액으로 하여 0.3M의 황산을 공통으로 첨가하고 각각 0.3M이나 0.6M의 황산리튬을 첨가하여 만들었다. 30초나 60초동안 준비된 용액을 법랑질 표면에 적용한 후 브라켓을 부착시켜 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 또한 브라켓 부착전과 부착후의 크리스탈 형성 양상을 주사전자현미경을 통하여 관찰하였다. 치아표면의 잔여 레진양을 입체현미경을 통하여 관찰하고 분류하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 50% 폴리아크릴산으로 처리하였을 때의 전단결합강도가 65% 폴리아크릴산에 비해 높았다. 2. 황산리튬의 농도나 적용시간에 따른 전단결합강도의 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 3. 브라켓 제거 후 법랑질 표면에서 레진이 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 4. 50% 폴리아트릴산으로 처리하였을 때의 크리스탈 형성 밀도가 65% 폴리아크릴산의 경우 보다 높았다. The purpose of this study was to compare shear bonding strengths and debonding patterns of the ceramic brackets attached on the crystal which were grown on the enamel surface of a tooth with different concentrations of lithium sulphate-contained polyacrylic acid in different application times. Four kinds of concentrations of mixed solutions were made and applied to the enamel surface on extracted human premolars. The solutions were made by adding0.3M or 0.6M of lithium sulfate to 50% or 65% of polyacrylic acid with 0.3M sulfuric acid. The solutions were applied for 30 or 60 seconds. After bonding, a universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength, and then observations were made of debonding patterns through the stereoscope. And the enamel surface was observed through the scanning electron microscope to examine the pattern of crystal growth and debonding. The results were as follows: 1. Shear bond strength in the enamel surface treated with 50% polyacrylic acid was higher than that with 65% polyacrylic acid. 2. There were no statistical differences in shear bond strength according to concentration of lithium sulfate and application time of solutions.. 3. Enamel surface was almost free of resin debris after debonding. 4. Enamel surface treated with 50% polyacrylic acid showed higher density of crystal growth than that with 65% polyacrylic acid under scanning electron microscope.