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회분식 생물반응기를 이용한 BDOC<sub>rapid</sub>와 BDOC<sub>slow</sub> 결정
손희종,노재순,강임석,Son, Hee-Jong,Roh, Jae-Soon,Kang, Lim-Seok 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.4
In this study, biodegradable organic matter was divided into a rapidly biodegradable fraction($BDOC_{rapid}$) and a slowly biodegradable fraction($BDOC_{slow}$) for various waters with different types of DOC. These fractions($BDOC_{rapid}$ and $BDOC_{slow}$) were defined by using a shaking incubation method modified from Carlson's method. Also, in this study, optimum incubation time and accuracy were investigated to determine $BDOC_{rapid}$ and $BDOC_{slow}$. When suspended bacteria obtained from raw water and BAC effluent, or attached bacteria from BAC was respectively used as an inoculum, the difference in total BDOC($BDOC_{total}$) was minimal. Therefore, total BDOC was determined in 7~8 days by the shaking method, which is comparable with Servais's method by which BDOC was determined in 28 days. In addition, the difference of BDOC between these two methods was within 7%. Although $BDOC_{rapid}$ and $BDOC_{slow}$ were effectively determined by a method defined by Klevens, the difference in optimal incubation time was significant for different water samples. However, when using the shaking method, optimal incubation time for $BDOC_{rapid}$ was found to be 3 days, therefore, the $BDOC_{rapid}$ was defined as the difference between $DOC_0$ and $DOC_{3days}$, and $BDOC_{slow}$ was defined as the difference between $BDOC_{total}$ and $BDOC_{rapid}$. As a conclusion, for determining the fraction of BDOC using the shaking method, the concentrations of an inoculurns and optimal incubation times used in this study were very effective.
전산유체를 활용한 정수지 최적 도류벽 형태 및 경제적인 장폭비 산정
조영만(Young Man Cho),노재순(Jae Soon Roh),빈재훈(Jae Hoon Bin),김태균(Tae Kyun Kim),최영준(Young June Choi) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.6
현재 국내 정수지 도류벽은 형태와 장폭비에 대한 명확한 기준이 없고 장폭비가 너무 작아 소독능을 만족하지 못하거나 지나치게 큰 장폭비로 비경제적인 설계를 하는 등 많은 혼란을 겪고 있어 수리적으로 유리한 도류벽의 형태와 경제적인 장폭비를 결정하는 것이 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구는 다양한 도류벽의 형태와 장폭비에 대해 전산유체역학 기법을 활용하여 수리적으로 가장 유리한 도류벽의 형태를 제시하고 가장 경제적인 장폭비를 도출하였다. 연구결과, 정수지내 도류벽의 형태는 동일한 형태와 구조라 하더라도 수류의 방향전환 횟수가 적은 구조가 수리적으로 유리하다. 둘째, 최적 도류벽 형태는 좌우 우류식(model 2)이며 최악의 형태는 두 방향으로 분산되고 다시 모아지는 분산형(model 4) 형태이다. 좌우 우류식은 분산형보다 도류벽의 개수를 67% 정도 줄일 수 있다. 셋째, 좌우 우류식 도류벽인 경우 경제적인 장폭비는 30~50이며 50을 초과할 경우 공사비 대비 T10/T 값의 증가량이 미미하여 경제적이지 못하다. We need to make the standard of the best baffle shape and L/W ratio of clearwell due to insufficient disinfection in short L/W ratio and uneconomic design in long L/W ratio. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the best shape of baffle and economic L/W ratio in the all sorts of shape and size by using computational fluid dynamics. In the results of this research, the baffle with smaller number of turning flow is more beneficial for hydraulic efficiency. So, even if the same shape and structure, baffle should be designed as smaller number in turning flow. The best shape of baffle is ZigZag type (model 2) and the worst shape is Distributed types (model 4). The ZigZag type can reduce number of baffle about 67% than that of the Distributed types. In the ZigZag type, economic L/W ratio is 30~50. If L/W ratio exceed over 50, it is not economic because construction costs greatly increase and an increasing rate of T10/T is very small.
낙동강 원수에서 추출한 Humic Acid에서의 염소처리에 의한 THM 생성 특성 평가
손희종(Hee Jong Son),노재순(Jae Soon Roh),배상대(Sang Dae Bae),최영익(Young Ik Choi),정철우(Chul Woo Jung) 大韓環境工學會 2007 대한환경공학회지 Vol.29 No.4
THM 생성은 염소접촉 후 4시간까지 선형적인 증가추세를 보이며, 많은 양의 THM이 생성되는 것으로 나타났으며, 반응 30분만에 168시간 동안 생성된 양의 총 25~43%의 비율을 차지하였다. 또한, 수중의 브롬이온 농도에 따른 THM 생성특성 조사에서 유기성 전구물질인 humic acid의 농도는 일정하고, 브롬이온의 농도만 0~50 μg/L까지 변화시켜 염소처리하였을 경우에는 생성되는 총 THM의 농도는 접촉시간 별로 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 수온변화에 따른 THM 생성특성 조사에서 수온이 낮은 4℃일 때는 PF (parabolic formation) phase로 접어들어서도 THM 생성량이 계속적으로 증가하는 양상을 나타내었으며, 20℃와 35℃의 경우에는 IF (instantaneous formation) phase까지 급격한 증가추세를 보인 후 PF phase에 도달하여서는 그 증가추세가 둔화되는 것으로 나타났다. pH 변화에 따른 THM 생성특성 조사에서 pH가 5일 경우 IF phase까지 증가추세를 보인 후, PF phase로 접어들어서도 계속적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났지만 pH가 7과 pH가 9의 경우에는 IF phase까지 급격한 증가추세를 보인 후 PF phase에 도달하여서는 그 증가 경향이 아주 둔화되는 것을 볼 수 있으며, 이런 현상은 pH가 9일 경우에는 더욱 두드러지게 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to determine the several factors for affecting chlorine disinfection by-products(DBPs) characteristics by reacting chlorine and organic matters in the aquatic phase. The results of this research yield the following specific conclusions: The concentration of trihalomethanes(THMs) was increased with increasing dissolved organic carbon(DOC), and a trend of THMs formation was parabolic with increasing organic matters. Formations of THMs increased straightly for the first 4 hours and the amounts of producted THMs for the 30 minutes were up to 25~43% in the entire experiment periods(168 hours). When keeping up the concentration of organic matters at constant and changing that of bromide, the quantity of formed THMs did not show distinguished difference with the reaction times. THMs were gradually increased at 4℃ even though a reaction phase was parabolic formation(PF) phase. However, THMs were increased rapidly in the instantaneous formation(IF) phase and then became slowdown in the PF phase between 20~35℃. THMs were gradually increased although entering in the PF phase at pH 5. However, THMs were increased rapidly in the IF phase and then became slowdown in the PF phase at pH 7 and pH 9, and these treads were much more clear at pH 9 than at pH 7.