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      • KCI등재

        CO<sub>2</sub>를 고정하는 화학독립영양미생물인 Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1의 Form I Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase 정제 및 특성 파악

        나숙현,배상옥,정수정,정선용,Na, Suk-Hyun,Bae, Sang-Ok,Jung, Soo-Jung,Chung, Seon-Yong 한국생물공학회 2010 KSBB Journal Vol.25 No.6

        A new hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium, Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1, that can fix $CO_2$ via the reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin-Benson cycle) under chemoautotrophic conditions but not photoautotrophic conditions was isolated from fresh water. Strain JS-1 showed considerable $CO_2$ fixation ability during continuous cultivation even at high $CO_2$ concentration. Strain JS-1 used $H_2$ and $CO_2$ fixation as energy and carbon sources, respectively. Carbon dioxide fixation is carried out through the Calvin-Benson cycle, in which ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) is the key enzyme. Hydrogen-oxidizing chemoautotrophic Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1 exhibited remarkedly strong RubisCO [EC 4.1.1.39] activity. RubisCO was purified as an $L_8S_8$-type hexadecamer with molecular mass of 560 kDa by gel filtration. The enzyme consisted of two different subunits eight large (56 kDa) and eight small (15 kDa), as demonstrated by SDS-PAGE. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was about 3.31 unit/mg and stable up to $45^{\circ}C$. The $K_m$ values for RuBP, $CO_2$, and $Mg^{2+}$ were estimated to be 0.25 mM, 5.2 mM and 0.91 mM, respectively.

      • KCI등재

        PFOS 대체물질의 환경유해성에 관한 연구

        최봉인(Bong-In Choi),정선용(Seon-Yong Chung),나숙현(Suk-Hyun Na),신동수(Dong-Soo Shin),유병택(Byung-Taek Ryu) 대한환경공학회 2016 대한환경공학회지 Vol.38 No.6

        PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na)는 28일 동안 미생물에 의한 분해가 이루어지지 않은 반면 4종의 대체물질(C25F17H32ScO13Na₃, C15F9H21ScO8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂)은 각각 21.6%, 20.5%, 15.8% 그리고 6.4% 분해가 이루어졌다. Daphnia magna를 이용하여 48시간 동안 수행한 물벼룩급성독성시험에서 sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na)의 반수영향농도(EC50)는 54.5 mg/L인 것으로 확인된 반면 4종의 대체물질은 500.0 mg/L에서 아무런 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 500.0 mg/L에서 PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na)의 표면장력은 46.2 mN/m이었으며 대체물질 4종의 표면장력은 모두 PFOS sodium salt 보다 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. C23F18H28S₃O8Na₂ (20.9 mN/m)는 가장 낮은 표면장력을 갖고 있었다. 그 다음은 C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂ (23.4 mN/m), C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂ (27.3 mN/m) 그리고 C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃ (28.2 mN/m) 순인 것으로 확인되었다. 미생물분해시험, 물벼룩급성 독성시험 그리고 표면장력측정 결과를 종합해 보면 4종의 PFOS 대체물질(C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃, C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂)은 모두 PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na) 보다 우수한 것으로 확인되었으며 특히 3종의 대체물질(C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃)은 미생물분해율이 15.8~21.6%로 상대적으로 높고, 물벼룩급성독성과 표면장력측정이 PFOS sodium salt 보다 상당히 우수하다. 그러므로 이들 4종의 대체물질은 PFOS 대체물질로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. While PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO3Na) was not degraded by microorganisms for 28 days, the 4 alternatives were biodegraded at the rates of 21.6% for C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃, 20.5% for C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂, 15.8% for C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂ and 6.4% for C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂, respectively. The acute toxicity test using Daphnia magna was conducted for 48 hours, the half effective concentration (EC50) of PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na) was evaluated in 54.5 mg/L. While the 4 alternatives did not show any effect at 500.0 mg/L. The surface tension of the PFOS salt (C8F17SO₃Na) is 46.2 mN/m at a concentration of 500.0 mg/L. While the surface tension of the 4 alternatives was found to be superior to PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na). The surface tension of C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂ (20.9 mN/m) has the lowest, followed by C15F9H21S₂O8Na₂ (23.4 mN/m), C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂ (27.3 mN/m), C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃ (28.2 mN/m). The four kinds of alternatives (C15F9H21S₃O8Na₂, C17F9H25S₂O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂, C25F17H32S₃O13Na₃) were found to be superior to PFOS sodium salt (C8F17SO₃Na) in terms of biodegradation, Daphnia sp. acute toxicity and surface tension, and thus they were considered applicable as PFOS alternatives. Especially biodegradation rate of C15F9H21S2O8Na₂, C23F18H28S₂O8Na₂ and C25F17H32S3O13Na₃ was relatively high as 15.8~21.6%, and Daphnia sp. acute toxicity and surface tension were considerably superior (surface tension 39~55%) to PFOS sodium salt. Therefore, these alternatives are considered to be available as an alternative of PFOS.

      • KCI등재

        CO₂를 고정하는 화학독립영양미생물인 Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1의 FormⅠ Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase 정제 및 특성 파악

        나숙현(Suk-Hyun Na),배상옥(Sang-Ok Bae),정수정(Soojung Jung),정선용(Seon-Yong Chung) 한국생물공학회 2010 KSBB Journal Vol.25 No.6

        A new hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium, Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1, that can fix CO₂ via the reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin-Benson cycle) under chemoautotrophic conditions but not photoautotrophic conditions was isolated from fresh water. Strain JS-1 showed considerable CO₂ fixation ability during continuous cultivation even at high CO₂ concentration. Strain JS-1 used H₂ and CO₂ fixation as energy and carbon sources, respectively. Carbon dioxide fixation is carried out through the Calvin-Benson cycle, in which ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (RubisCO) is the key enzyme. Hydrogen-oxidizing chemoautotrophic Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1 exhibited remarkedly strong RubisCO [EC 4.1.1.39] activity. RubisCO was purified as an L8S8-type hexadecamer with molecular mass of 560 kDa by gel filtration. The enzyme consisted of two different subunits eight large (56 kDa) and eight small (15 kDa), as demonstrated by SDS-PAGE. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was about 3.31 unit/mg and stable up to 45℃. The Km values for RuBP, CO₂, and Mg2+ were estimated to be 0.25 mM, 5.2 mM and 0.91 mM, respectively.

      • KCI등재

        미생물을 이용한 액상소멸방식의 음식물쓰레기 처리

        권범근(Bum Gun Kwon),나숙현(Suk Hyun Na),임혜정(Hye Jung Lim),임채승(Chae Sung Lim),정선용(Seon Yong Chung) 大韓環境工學會 2014 대한환경공학회지 Vol.36 No.5

        이 연구는 발생원내에서 다양한 미생물을 이용하여 음식물쓰레기를 액상소멸하는 감량방법에 관한 것이다. 실험에 사용된 반응기는 미생물이 담지된 목질재료의 woodchip과 스폰지가 함께 사용되었고, 일정한 주기로 음식물쓰레기가 섞이게하는 교반장치로 구성되었다. 실험기간 100일 동안 음식물쓰레기의 무게변화는 누적된 총 음식물쓰레기량 대비하여 약 99% 까지 감소하였다. 잔류된 약 1%는 음식물쓰레기내에 내재된 생물유래의 난분해성 물질(cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin 등)이 축적된 결과로 생각된다. 실험기간 동안 발생된 폐수의 성상 변화로 pH는 실험 초기 약 3.3에서 24시간 후에 약 5.8로 점차 증가한 반면, 염분, COD, BOD, SS, T-N 및 T-P의 농도는 점차적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 음식물쓰레기의 소멸반응이 진행됨에 따라 7종의 다양한 미생물들을 동정하였으며, 소멸반응 초기의 미생물 개체수는 약 3.3 × 104 cell/mL이었고 15 일 후에는 약 5.1 × 106 cell/mL로 대체로 일정한 개체수를 유지하여 소멸반응이 안정화된 것으로 생각되었다. 이들 실험 결과는 음식물쓰레기의 감량화뿐만 아니라, 미생물에 의한 유기물 분해도 동시에 이루어지고 있는 것으로 판단된다. This study investigated the reduction of food waste through the slurry phase decomposition in a source of food waste by microorganisms. The reactor used in the experiment was composed of both woodchip with wood material and sponges with polyurethane material as media of attached microorganisms, and food waste was mixed with a constant cycle consisted of a stirring device. During the experimental period of 100 days, the change in weight over the cumulative total amount of food waste added was reduced by 99%. Approximately, 1% of the residual food waste could be inherently recalcitrant materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc.) and thus was thought to be the result of the accumulation. The initial pH in wastewater generated from food waste was low with 3.3 and after 24 hours treatment this pH was increased to 5.8. The concentrations of COD, BOD, SS, salinity, TN and TP were gradually decreased. Food waste decay was proceeded by the seven species microorganisms identified and confirmed in this study, making a slurry phase and thus reducing residual food wastes. In the initial phase, the microbial population was approximately 3.3 × 104 cell/mL, and after 15 days this population was a constant with 5.1 × 106 cell/mL which means a certain stabilization for the reduction of food wastes. From these results, it can be considered that organic matter decomposition as well as the weight loss of food wastes by microorganisms is done at the same time.

      • KCI등재

        RO막을 이용한 매립지 침출수 처리 및 붕소 제거

        정수정 ( Soo Jung Jung ),나숙현 ( Suk Hyun Na ),배상옥 ( Sang Ok Bae ),임병진 ( Byung Jin Lim ) 한국물환경학회 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.5

        This study was carried out to evaluate the removal rate of organic and inorganic matters from landfill leachate using pre-treatment process as coagulation and limonite adsorption, and membrane process as RO(reverse osmosis) and NF(nanofiltration). By adding limonite adsorption as pre-treatment process, about 40% of organic matters in leachate was removed through pre-treatment process and 74.7% of boron was removed after RO process without pH adjustment. The rejection rate of boron in RO process mainly depends on the pH and increased at pH value of 10. RO process was performed as two stage system adjusting pH condtion to 7 and 10 in second RO stage for boron removal. Most(>90%) of TOC, Cl- and inorganic matters as Ca was rejected in first RO stage, the residue was rejected in second RO and the rejection rate was above 97%. Considering economic efficiency of operation cost, NF substituted for the first RO and total removal rate of TOC was above 90%. Through RO system toxicity to Daphnia in leachate was removed completely.

      • KCI등재

        영산강 수계에서 과불화 화합물의 모니터링

        권범근(Bum Gun Kwon),임채승(Chae Sung Lim),임혜정(Hye Jung Lim),나숙현(Suk Hyun Na),권중근(Joongkeun Kwon),정선용(Seon Yong Chung) 大韓環境工學會 2015 대한환경공학회지 Vol.37 No.5

        이 연구는 영산강 수계 중 수체를 대상으로 10종의 과불화 화합물 (perfluorinated compounds, PFCs)로 인한 오염실태를 파악하기 위한 모니터링을 수행 하였다. 시료채취는 영산강 전수계에 걸쳐 있는 총 18지점에서 이루어졌고, 5-6월인 봄철과 10월인 가을철 두 번에 걸쳐 시료가 채취되었다. 10종의 PFCs 오염물을 대상물질로 하여 분석한 결과, 물 시료 중 농도는 PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonate)가 20.8-92.0 ng/L, PFOA (perfluorooctanoate)가 method detection limit (MDL)-28.40 ng/L로 검출되었으며 PFNA (Perfluorononanoate)가 MDL-42.20 ng/L, PFHxS (perfluorohexanesulfonate)가 MDL-11.47 ng/L로 나타났다. PFOS는 봄과 가을철 모두에서 검출빈도와 그 농도가 높았고, PFOA와 PFNA는 대체로 봄철이, PFHxS의 경우는 가을철에 검출빈도와 농도가 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 하지만 상기 4종을 제외한 다른 PFCs 화학종은 검출빈도가 낮고 매우 낮은 농도인 것으로 나타났다. 하·폐수처리장이 위치한 광주의 도심지역 수계지역의 수체 시료에서 검출된 PFCs의 농도는 타 영산강수계내 수체 시료에 비해 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. To determine the concentrations of selected 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), a field study was conducted in the water body of Yeongsan River Water System. Raw water samples were collected in the spring and the fall, respectively, which included 18 sampling sites. Collected samples were equally mixed and then served as an analytical sample. The concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) were in range of 20.80-92.0 ng/L and ND-28.40 ng/L respectively. Perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) were ranged from ND to 42.20 ng/L and from ND to 11.47 ng/L. The detection frequencies of other PFCs selected in this study were very sparse at very low concentrations, except for PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and PFHxS. PFOS was higher detection frequency and concentration in both spring and fall, PFOA and PFNA were in spring, and PFHxS was in fall. As a result, the observed concentrations of PFCs in the downtown water area of Gwangju, located in the wastewater treatment plants, were relatively higher than other sampling points.

      • KCI등재

        전라남도 지역의 하천수에 존재하는 내분비 장애물질(Bisphenol A와 Styrene oligomer)의 실태조사

        박송인 ( Song In Park ),정선용 ( Seon Yong Chung ),( Saido Kstsuhiko ),( Sato Hideto ),나숙현 ( Suk Hyun Na ) 한국물환경학회 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.5

        Recently, there have been active researches regarding endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In this study, fifteen small freshwater streams in Cholla-namdo province, South Korea were investigated with respect to the concentration of the endocrine disruptors - Bisphenol A (BPA), styrene monomer (SM), styrene dimer (SD), and styrene trimer (ST) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Measured concentration of the target compounds in the sampled water ranged from <ND to 5.03 ng/mL, <ND to 0.1 ng/mL, <ND to 0.04 ng/mL, and ND to 0.45 ng/mL for BPA, SM, SD, and ST, respectively. The endocrine disruptors analysis of the water samples showed that the concentration of BPA and ST were much higher than the other two compounds. These results imply that the streams of Cholla-namdo province were contaminated by materials generated from decomposition of polystyrene (PS) chemically and physically.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

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