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외래관광객의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 서울의 도시관광요소와 도시이미지
정규엽(Kyoo Yup Chung),김한선(Han Seon Kim) 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2009 호텔경영학연구 Vol.18 No.2
This research has been done to give some implications for city tourism revitalization by recognizing the importance of city tourism product using Seoul as research object by understanding Seoul`s city tourism, city image and the factors that affect city tourism. First, convenient facilities that are the basic of tourism since it gives positive effect on City`s unique image is concluded to be giving negative effects on Seoul tourism for they cannot aware the distinctions of Seoul city tourism. City tourism factors from city image that affects dynamic image are entertainment, location and infrastructure. Therefore, the enjoy and entertainment factors for tourists seem to be important factors in emphasizing the dynamic image of Seoul. Especially, from Seoul city tourism factors infrastructure affects all of city image. Therefore strengthening transportation, public security and road system is an important factor in improving Seoul city image. Second, all city tourism factors that foreign travellers directly experience are giving important effects to the satisfaction of foreign tourists. Therefor a general management of this is necessary. However, modernized image that can be the basic of a city is a pre-recognized factor that does not give distinction. Therefor this factor can be concluded to be not affecting Seoul tourism. Because of this, unique, pleasant and dynamic images from Seoul tourism factors have to be strengthened. In order to strengthen these kind of images, an efficient management of city tourism factors are necessary.
6가 크롬 처리를 위한 알루미늄 산화물을 함유한 재생 분말 폐기물의 적용
임재우(Jae Woo Lim),김태환(Tae Hwan Kim),강형식(Hyung Sik Kang),김도선(Do Son Kim),김한선(Han Seon Kim),조석희(Seok Hee Cho),양재규(Jae Kyu Yang),장윤영(Yoon Young Chang) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.3
본 연구에서는 알루미늄 산화물을 함유한 재생 분말 폐기물에 의한 Cr(VI)의 제거특성을 조사하였다. 가공하지 않은 폐기물의 유기물을 제거하기 위해 550℃에서 소성하여 재생 분말 폐기물(RPW)을 준비하였다. 수용액 상에서 Cr(VI)의 흡착 경향에 관한 연구를 위해 회분식 반응장치를 이용하여 pH 변화, 흡착 속도, 등온 흡착 실험을 4가지 다른 이온세기 화학종(NO₃-, CO₃<sup>2-</sup>, SO₄<sup>2-</sup>, PO₄(3-))의 존재 하에서 수행하였다. SO₄<sup>2-</sup>와 PO₄(3-)가 존재할 때는 전체 pH 범위에서 크롬의 흡착이 크게 감소하였다. 반면 NO₃-와 CO₃<sup>2-</sup>에 의한 흡착 방해의 영향은 SO₄<sup>2-</sup>와 PO₄(3-)에 의한 것보다 상대적으로 낮았다. NO₃-와 CO₃<sup>2-</sup>의 존재 하에 Cr(VI) 흡착은 pH 4.5에서 최대로 나타났다. 이온세기 화학종의 농도가 증가함에 따라 Cr(VI)의 흡착은 감소하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 할 때 RPW와 Cr(VI) 사이의 흡착은 외부배위권 착물을 통하여 발생되는 것으로 사료된다. RPW에 의한 Cr(VI)의 흡착은 2차 반응으로 잘 표현되었다. Langmuir 등온흡착식을 이용하여 pH 3에서 RPW에 의한 Cr(VI)의 최대 흡착량을 구한결과 NO₃-, CO₃<sup>2-</sup>, SO₄<sup>2-</sup>, PO₄(3-)가 이온세기 화학종으로 있을 때 각각 11.1, 10, 3.33, 5 mg/g으로 얻어졌다. In this research, the removal capacity of Cr(VI) by the reused powdered wastes (RPW) containing aluminium oxides was studied. As a pre-treatment process for the preparation of calcined wastes, calcination was conducted at 550℃ to remove organic fraction in the raw wastes. In order to study the adsorption trend of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions, the pH-edge adsorption, adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherm were investigated using a batch reactor in the presence of four different background electrolytes(NO₃-, CO₃<sup>2-</sup>, SO₄<sup>2-</sup>, PO₄(3-)). Cr(VI) adsorption was greatly reduced in the presence of SO₄<sup>2-</sup> and PO₄(3-) over the entire pH range. Meanwhile the inhibition effect by NO₃- and CO₃<sup>2-</sup> was relatively lower than that by SO₄<sup>2-</sup> and PO₄(3-). Cr(VI) adsorption was maximum around pH 4.5 in the presence of NO₃- and CO₃<sup>2-</sup>. As the concentration of background electrolytes increased, Cr(VI) adsorption decreased. This result mightly suggests that adsorption between the surface of RPW and Cr(VI) occurs through outer-sphere complex. Cr(VI) adsorption onto the RPW was well described by second-order kinetics. From the Langmuir isotherm at initial pH 3, the maximum adsorbed amount of Cr(VI) onto the RPW was 11.1, 10, 3.3, 5 mg/g in the presence of NO₃-, CO₃<sup>2-</sup>, SO₄<sup>2-</sup>, and PO₄(3-), respectively.