발효계분이 부로일러의 증체사료효율 및 육질에 미치는 영향

김춘수,이영철 ( Chun Soo Kim,Yong Chull Rhee ) 한국축산학회 1977 한국축산학회지 Vol.19 No.3

In order to evaluate the nutritive value of fermented dehydrated poultry waste(FDPW), feeding and metabolism trial were conducted with a total of 200 broiler chicks for a period of 6 weeks. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. In the proximate composition of FDPW, contents of crude protein, crude finer, crude ash and NFE were 28.5, 4.20, 8.18, 16.88, and 32.41 percent respectively. The ME value of FDPW revealed 1743 ㎉ per kilogram which is much higher than that of DPW. 2. Although there were no statistical difference in the body weight gain among treatments weight gain achieved by the group fed diets of 10% substitution of FDPW was slightly better than others. The amount of feed consumption were slightly higher for FDPW included groups than for control group. This trend means that FDPW can be utilized safely by the amount of 10 percent as a broiler feed ingredient. 3. Althought no difference was detected in nutrient utilizability, nitrogen retention was slightly improved when FDPW were fed at the level of 10 to 20 percent in comparison with the same levels of DPW included group. 4. Analytical data revealed that the contents of crude protein and crude fat of the poultry meat were 20.14-21.98 and 1.45-2.73 percent. Especially crude fat content of the poultry meat increased when the birds were fed FDPW and DPW include diets whereas crude protein content among treatments showed indiscriminate value, and no difference were observed among treatments in the taste of poultry meat as a result of panel test.

석유자화효모의 사료적 가치에 관한 연구 ( 1 )

김춘수,이남형 ( C . S . Kim,N . H . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1974 한국축산학회지 Vol.16 No.2

To determine the effects of dietary levels of hydrocarbon grown yeasts on the growth, feed efficiency, blood uric acid content of broiler chicks and also on the metabolizability of the yeast. tile feeding experiments were ran for a period of 14 weeks. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. In the body weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency n-paraffin-grown yeast (wash) group was superior to that oP either gas oil or n-paraffin grown yeast (solvent) group in the preliminary trial. 2. It was observed that neither the weight gain nor the feed efficiency was significantly different among the experimental groups including the control. 3. The metabolizable energy of both gas oil and n-paraffin grown yeast were determined as 2374 ㎉/㎏ and 2742 ㎉/㎏ respectively. 4. The differences in nutrient availability and the results of carcass analysis were not statisticaly significant among the experimental groups. 5. Serum uric acid was shown to be higher as to increase the level of yeast but differences were not significant up to 12% level compared to that of control, but the group receiving 15% level resulted in twice of that control value. Red blood cell was lower as to increase the level of yeast added in the ration.

동 ( Cu ) 과 아연 ( Zn ) 의 영양학적 상호작용에 관한 연구

김춘수,강유성 ( C . S . Kim,Y . S . Kang ) 한국축산학회 1971 한국축산학회지 Vol.13 No.1

These experiments were conducted to study on the interrelationship between Cu & Zn and the effect of dietary copper sulfate on the growth of broiler chicks. The experimental trials were composed of two parts. For the experiments, a broiler type chicks, cobb and starbro, were raised for a period of four weeks from the day of hatching, involving 9 to 8 different dietary treatments. The results obtained from these studies are summarized as follows; 1) Addition of 100 to 150 ppm dietary copper significantly(p$lt;0.01) improved the rate of growth and the feed efficiency of chicks. At the level of 150ppm copper added, the weekly weight gain of the experimental chicks was improved by 28% over that of the control group. 2) Inclusion of dietary copper excess of 600ppm was resulted in a deterioration of the growth, exerting a copper toxicity, but this was corrected by the addition of dietary zinc, indicating the presence of an antagonistic interrelationship of copper with zinc. 3) Such antagonistic relationship of copper with zinc was further evidenced by the analysis of copper and zinc retained in the chick liver as shown in figure 1.

볏짚의 사료가치 증진에 관한 연구 제1보 발효 볏짚 사료의 소화율 검정 시험

김춘수,배무,이남형 ( Chun Su Kim,Mu Bae,Nam Hyung Lee ) 한국축산학회 1977 한국축산학회지 Vol.19 No.5

This experiment was conducted to study the nutritive value (TDN) of rice straws which were produced by chemical treatment and the fermented methods for cattle and pig. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. TDN value of the fermented products of rice straw for cattle was ranging from 50.5 to 58.4%. The value was 10% higher than the one for pig. TDN value of raw straw for cattle was attained as 41.0%. 2. The nutritive value of rice straw with aerobic fermentation after 0.25% Ca(OH)₂-steamed treatment did not improve significantly over the 3% NaOH-steamed treatment. 3. The fermented product of rice straw by Asp-9 resulted in higher TDN value than other strains. 4. It was tested TDN value of rice straws which were produced differently by the fermented methods. The process F-II using Asp-9 resulted in higher TDN value but little significant difference were observed among fermentation methods.

부로일러에서 피혁분의 사료적 가치에 관한 연구

김춘수,이남형 ( Chun Su Kim,Nam Hyung Lee ) 한국축산학회 1977 한국축산학회지 Vol.19 No.3

Trials have been conducted to determine the acceptability of hydrolyzed leather meal (HLM) in the broiler diets. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The crude protein and ash content of HLM was found to be respectively 66.65 and 14.45 percent. Also, glycine and methionine content was 17.05 and 0.26 percent. 2. There was not significantly difference among the groups in the weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency. 3. in vico and in vitro protein digestibility were found to be 82.73 and 70.85 percent. 4. Chromium content of HLM was 1.14 percent and chromium in liver and kidney eras higher as to increase level of HLM in formula feed, but there was no apparent accumulation of chromium in muscle to 4 percent level. This results indicate that hydrolyzed leather meal for the place of oil cakes can be used up to 4 percent level in the broiler ration.

고구마의 사료화에 관한 연구 2 . 양계사육 시험

김춘수,이남형 ( Chun Su Kim,Nam Hyung Lee ) 한국축산학회 1976 한국축산학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Nutritional aspects deeding the sweet potato, being processed by physical means of pressing and drying, were examined for the place of yellow-corn with chicks. Prior to the feeding trials, chemical compositions including vitamin and mineral contents, and amino-acid profiles of respective potatoes samples were analysed. Metabolizability of experimental samples were also included in this study. 1. For the first feeding trial of broiler starter, potatoes (pressed or not pressed) anal whole potato (root to leaf and stem ratio in 2 : 1 or 4 : 1) were substituted with corn meal at 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% levels on an air dried weight to weight basis. The weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency of control group were superior over the sweet potatoes groups and it was observed that the effect of weight gain was decreasing with increasing the substitutional levels of the potatoes in all treatments, but upto 10% substitution levels, little significant difference was observed between control and experiment groups. The metabolizable energy value of potatoes (pressed) and whole potato (root to leap and stem ratio in 3 : 1) were estimated as 2,538 ㎉ and 2,406 ㎉ per kilogram respectively. However, the feed cost required per ㎏. weight gain was less for the 20% (potatoes pressed) and the 10% (whole potatoes) groups compared to that of control. 2. In subsequent feeding trial on the broiler starter. The samples of potato (with or without steamed) were substituted with corn meal at the same levels as was in the first feeding trial. For the weight gain as well as feed efficiency, the potato groups of both with or without steamed was inferior to that of control group but differences were not significant among the groups. The metabolizable energy value of steamed potato was estimated as 3,100㎉/㎏., higher than the pressed one, but the estimated production cost was higher than the control group. 3. As for the starting chicks, the whole sweet potato, being hot sir dried, was substituted with corn meal upto 20% on an air dried weight to weight basis. It was observed that overall growing performance was also decreased with increasing the levels of potato but upto 10% level, little statistical difference was also observed among the roups. 4. In the hen-day egg production, egg weight and feed efficiency, the performence of experimental groups in the first trial were favorable over the control group, and this results indicate that the whole potatoes can be in corporated in laying rations up to 14% in replacing corn, and the substitution of corn with potatoes was also proved to be economically feasible. Such favorable results of feeding the potato for the place of corn was also confirmed by subsequent trial on laying hen.

Semi Broiler 종계용 대추사료의 영양수준에 관한 연구

김춘수,강유성 ( C . S . Kim,Y . S . Kang ) 한국축산학회 1973 한국축산학회지 Vol.15 No.3

The experimental objectives were to observe the feeding and economic value different grower feed, that is, commercial diet, high fiber diet, low lysine diet, low lysine-low protein diet during the growing period and also for the effect on the lad ing performance in semi-broiler breeder. The results obtained were as follows; 1. On the body weight gain and feed efficiency during the growing period, all experimental groups were responded favorably over the control group and especially low lysine B and low lysine-low protein B groups were improved 15% in weight gain and 12% in feed efficiency over the control group. 2. On the age at sexual maturity, all experimental groups were delayed for a period of 1-2 weeks. 3. As for the egg production and production efficiency during the laying periods, low lysine A and B groups were very favorably responded over the control, compared to that of other experimental groups. 4. The analysis on the economic return indicates that the return for all experimental groups was greater than that of the control the best economic return attained was for the low lysine B group with an increase of 15% over the control group.

고구마의 사료화에 관한 연구 3 . 양돈 사육시험

김춘수,이남형,한인규,하종규,윤덕진 ( Chun Su Kim,Nam Hyung Lee,In K . Han,Jong Kyu Ha,Duk Jin Yoon ) 한국축산학회 1976 한국축산학회지 Vol.18 No.3

The experiments were designed to evaluate nutritive value of whole sweet potato (root to stem and leaf ratio in 3 : 1), being pressed and sun-dried, for the pig grower. The potato was substituted with corn meal at the levels of 0, 10, 20 and 40% on air dried matter basis in the first trial. For the subsequent trial, the substitution level was extended to 60% basis. In the first feeding trial, overall growing performance including weight gain and feed efficiency, and the results of carcass analysis were not significantly different between the control and the potato groups. Nutrient digestibility of sweet potato was, however, inferior to that of the control group. The digestible energy value of potato sample was estimated as 2,678 ㎉/㎏. Contrarily, for the second feeding trial, the of reds of feeding the potato upon weight gain, feed efficiency and nutrient availability were somewhat decreased with increasing the level of potato but little significant difference was attained between the control and the groups of 40% potato feeding. The feed cost required per ㎏ weight gain for the potato groups of upto 40% feeding was tuned cut to be favorable over the control.

석유자화효모의 사료적 가치에 관한 연구 ( 2 )

김춘수,이남형 ( Chun S . Kim,Nam H . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.3

The feeding experiments were made for a period of 13 weeks to determine the nutritional values of petroleum hydrocarbon yeast (KISTEIN) on the laying performance. The results obtained were summarized as fellows: 1. Petroleum hydrocarbon yeast (KISTEIN) contains mere vitamin B₂ and niacin than soybean oil meal but P, Ca, Mg and K contents of KISTEIN were rather lover than soybean meal. 2. It was observed that hen-day egg production, feed intake, egg weight and feed efficiency were not significantly different among the experimental groups. Metabolizabl energy value of KISTEIN was determined as 3,045 ㎉/㎏ in layer diets and digestibility of crude protein was 82.16%, indicating that KISTEIN is nutritionally very competitive with soybean meal.

육성돈에 대한 왕겨발효사료의 사료적가치에 관한 연구

김춘수,한인규,윤덕진 ( Chun S . Kim,In K . Han,D . J . Yoon ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.2

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of rice hull which was fermented by Kyongnam Ferment Feed Co. to increase its feeding values. Twenty five growing-finishing swines(crossbred of Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allotted to 5 treatment lots; they were control(commercial finisher feed), 25% fermented feed, 50% fermented feed, 75% fermented feed and 50% unfermented feed. The results are summed up as follows. 1. Crude protein and riboflavin content of fermented feed was higher than that of unfermented feed. On the other hand, NFE content reduced after fermentation and analysis result of reducing sugar content showed no fermentation effect. 2. Control and 25% fermented feed gained most and 75% fermented feed gained least while the 50% fermented feed and 50% unfermented feed were similar. Three groups were significantly different in body weight gain at 1% level. Increased feed intake of fermented feeds may be attributed to the increased palatability. Feed efficiency changed with tendency similar to body weight gain. 3. Carcass analysis result revealed no definite differences among the treatments except 75% fermented feed that showed the poorest carcass grade. 4. Digestibility of NFE was decreased while that of crude fiber was increased by fermentation. Digestible energy of fermented feed(866 ㎉/g) was a little higher than that of unfermented feed(807 ㎉/㎏). 5. The fermentation effect on rice hull seems not so great as to make the fermented feed available in large proportion for swine diet. However, the overall result of this experiment suggests that reasonable using level can be obtained within 20%.