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金鐘讚 ( Kim¸ Jongchan ) 한국중국언어학회 2021 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.95
Xiandai Hanyu Cidian is one of the dictionaries that is popular among Chinese scholars. Although the dictionary is well written, we can still find some problems in it, and one of them is about “Xiangdeng”. It describes “Xiangdeng” as a verb. At present, lots of dictionaries published in China also follow Xiandai Hanyu Cidian, such as Xuesheng Xiandai Hanyu Cidian, Dangdai Hanyu Cidian, Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian, Xiandai Hanyu Tujie Cidian, HSK Ciyu Yongfa Xiangjie, Hanyu Jiao Yu Xue Cidian, and Xiandai Hanyu Fenlei Cidian. But I do not agree with them. According to my research, “Xiangdeng” is not related with actions or behaviors, so it can not be an intransitive verb. “Xiangdeng” can not be a transitive verb, because it can not take objects. If we analyse the term “Xiangdeng”, “Xiang” has the character of adverbs, and “Deng” of adjectives, then the combine of “Xiang” and “Deng” can be analysed as an adjective. Actually, there are many examples similar to this in Modern Chinese. Generally speaking, adjectives can be modified by degree adverbs like “Hen”, “Zui” and so forth. But not all the adjectives can be modified by these sorts of adverbs, for example “Xiangtong”, “Yiyang”. The term “Xiangdeng” is one of them. And when the “Xiangdeng” is followed by “Yu”, the function of “Xiangdengyu” is similar to a transitive verb. Therefore the structure of “Xiangdengyu” can take objects. In my opinion, the explanation of the term “Xiangdeng” should be translated as follows: 「【Xiangdeng】 xiāngděng Adjective (shumu, fsnliang, chengdu and so force) bici yiyang: mianji~〡Zhe liang jian fangzi de mianji~。」
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김종찬,이영민,구민호,Kim, Jongchan,Lee, Youngmin,Koo, Min-Ho 대한자원환경지질학회 2014 자원환경지질 Vol.47 No.4
대륙지각의 대표적인 암석이며 우리나라의 약 25%를 차지하는 쥬라기 화강암을 대상으로 상부지각의 열적 현상을 이해하는데 중요한 정보인 물성과 열물성을 측정하였다. 충남 연기군(2개 시추공, 149개)과 대전시 유성구(1개 시추공, 59개)의 총 3개 시추공으로부터 회수한 206개 화강암의 건조 상태의 열전도도 평균은 2.813 W/mK이고, 공극 보정을 한 평균 열전도도는 2.900 W/mK이다. 공극 내 물의 효과로 인해 공극 보정을 한 열전도도가 높게 나타난다. 건조 상태의 평균 열확산율은 $1.296{\times}10^{-6}m^2/sec$이며, 온도변화에 따른 열확산율 변화는 온도가 증가할수록 열확산율이 낮아지는 경향을 보인다. $200^{\circ}C$에서의 열확산율은 상온 $25^{\circ}C$에서 보다 30% 정도 더 낮게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 206개 화강암의 평균 공극은 0.010이며, 건조밀도와 포화밀도는 각각 $2.662g/cm^3$와 $2.673g/cm^3$이다. 열전도도와 공극의 상관관계로부터 화강암의 열전도도는 공극보다 구성광물에 의한 영향이 더 큰 것을 확인하였다. 열전도도와 열확산율의 상관관계에서는 결정계수가 0.898로 선형관계가 잘 나타나고, 공극과 밀도의 상관관계에서는 ${\rho}=-2.393{\times}{\phi}+2.705$라는 상관식을 산출하였다. XRD 분석과 XRF 분석 결과로부터 석영과 $SiO_2$ 함량이 증가하면 열전도도가 높아지고 조장석과 $Al_2O_3$가 증가하면 열전도도가 낮아지는 경향을 확인하였다. 또한 부피 함량비가 많은 광물과 화학성분을 이용해 회귀 분석을 수행하였다. 석영을 이용한 선형식은 $K=0.0294V_{Quartz}+1.93$으로 산출 되었다. 또한, $SiO_2$를 이용한 선형식은 $K=0.237W_{SiO_2}-14.09$로 산출 되었고, $SiO_2$와 $Al_2O_3$를 이용한 회귀식은 $K=0.053W_{SiO_2}-0.476W_{Al_2O_3}+6.52$로 산출 되었다. Felsic-marfic index를 이용하여 산출한 비중과 측정된 비중의 평균은 각각 2.645와 2.650이며, 평균 상대오차는 0.667%로 나타났다. Thermal and physical properties were measured on 206 Jurassic granite samples obtained from three boreholes in the central part of Korea. Thermal conductivity(${\lambda}$), thermal diffusivity(${\alpha}$), and specific heat(Cp) were measured in a laboratory; the average values are ${\lambda}$=2.813 W/mK, ${\alpha}=1.296mm^2/sec$, and Cp=0.816 J/gK, respectively. In addition, porosity(${\phi}$), and dry and saturated density(${\rho}$) were measured in the laboratory; the average values are ${\phi}$=0.01, ${\rho}(dry)=2.662g/cm^3$ and ${\rho}(saturated)=2.67g/cm^3$, respectively. Thermal diffusivity of 10 granite samples were measured with increasing temperature from $25^{\circ}C$ to $200^{\circ}C$. In this study, we found that thermal diffusivity at $200^{\circ}C$ is about 30% lower than thermal diffusivity at $25^{\circ}C$. In correlation analysis, thermal conductivity increases with increasing thermal diffusivity. However, thermal conductivity does not show good correlation with porosity and density. Consequently, we know that thermal conductivity of granite would be more influenced by mineral composition than by porosity. We also derived ${\rho}=-2.393{\times}{\phi}+2.705$ from density and porosity data. XRD and XRF analysis were performed to investigate effects of mineral and chemical composition on thermal conductivity. From those results, we found that thermal conductivity increases with increasing quartz and $SiO_2$, and decreases with increasing albite and $Al_2O_3$. Regression analysis using those mineral and chemical composition were carried out ; we found $K=0.0294V_{Quartz}+1.93$ for quartz, $K=0.237W_{SiO_2}-14.09$ for $SiO_2$, and $K=0.053W_{SiO_2}-0.476W_{Al_2O_3}+6.52$ for $SiO_2$ and $Al_2O_3$. Specific gravities were measured on 10 granite samples in the laboratory. The measured specific gravity depends on chemical compositions of granite. Therefore, specific gravity can be estimated by the felsic-mafic index(F) that is calculated from chemical composition. The estimated specific gravity ranges from 2.643 to 2.658. The average relative error between measured and estimated specific gravities is 0.677%.
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金鐘讚(Kim, JongChan) 한국중국어교육학회 2021 중국어교육과연구 Vol.- No.34
Many dictionaries define “Wufa” as a verb, including Xiandai Hanyu Cidian, Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian, Dangdai Hanyu Cidian and so on. But I do not agree with this assessment. According to my research, the structure of “Wu+abstract noun” functions an adjective, and “Wufa” follow this structure. Other dictionaries such as Xiandai Hanyu Changyongci Yongfa Cidian state that it is an adjective. However, this way is problematic. The term “Wufa” has nothing to do with action or behavior. Therefore, it can not be an intransitive verb. “Wufa” does not have objects either. Because of this, it also can not be a transitive verb. Through my study, I find that “Wufa” is actually used only adverbially. As a result, I argue that “Wufa” is an adverb.
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김종찬(Jongchan Kim),이일병(Yillbyung Lee) 한국정보과학회 1996 정보과학회논문지(B) Vol.23 No.3
최대최소 알고리듬(minimax algorithm)을 게임 프로그램에 사용할 때 휴리스틱 함수의 오차 증폭에 의해 발생되는 최대최소 병리현상(minimax pathology)의 부정적 효과가 게임 프로그램의 질을 저하시킨다. 이런 병리 현상의 해결책의 하나로서 적절한 전파규칙(back-propagation rule)을 찾음으로서 퇴화를 최소화하여 결정의 질을 상당히 향상시킬 수 있음을 제안하고 컴퓨터 바둑의 사활문제를 통해 예증한다. The pessimistic effect of the minimax pathology due to error amplification of heuristic functions may significantly degrade the quality of decisions in practical games. As an improvement to the minimax pathology, it is suggested that finding appropriate propagation methods minimizes this deterioration and improves decision quality, and proved the suggestion by the example of the life and death problem in the computer Go.
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타이어 설계 요인에 의한 타이어 특성과 차량 조종안정성에 관한 연구
김종찬(JongChan Kim),국민구(MinGu Kuk),송성우(SungWoo Song) 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2017 No.11
Tire design elements such as tread pattern design, mold cavities, compound materials, constructions, etc., affect vehicle handling performance. The study of these design elements has been a field of constant interest in the automotive industry. However it not only takes a lot of time and cost but also has difficulties that requires a lot of experience to ensure the reliability of the results. In this paper, the handling performance variation according to the tire design factors was experimentally investigated. First, the force and moment characteristics of the tire according to tire design element were analyzed. For this work, the test conducted with 4 different structural stiffness types of tires and measured the characteristics of force and moment using the tire test machine(Flat Trac CT Plus). Next, the characteristics of the vehicle behavior were analyzed depending on the characteristics of the force and moment. For th is wo rk, vehic le te sts su ch as On-Cen ter Handlin g, Slow ly Ram p Ste er, et c., we re perform ed usi ng t he steering robot(SR -30). Fin ally, from the test re sul ts of this pa per , the correla tion was confir med betw een the tire design elements, the characteristics of tire force and moment and characteristics of vehicle behavior.
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