부분 무치악의 고정성 임플랜트 보철의 저위교합에 관한 3차원 유한요소법적 연구

김인섭,최충국,정재헌,Kim, In-Seob,Choi, Choong-Kug,Chung, Chae-Heon 대한치과보철학회 1996 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.34 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine, by the method of 3-dimentional finite element analysis. how infraocclusion affected the stress distribution in surrounding bone and osseointegrated prosthesis. The 3-dimentional finite element mandibular models were made, in which the first and second molars were removed and the two osseointegrated implants were placed in the first and second molar sites and implant supported fixed prostheses were constructed. Analysis of equivalent stress and displacement induced by strong occlusion or infraocclusion was performed under vertical or inclined distributed loads. The results were as follows; 1. Under vertical load of 50N or 500N, the model in which infraocclusion had not been allowed showed greater stress on implants and the supporting bone than on natural teeth. 2. In the model in which infraocclusion of $30{\mu}m$ had been allowed, implant-prosthesis on the molars had no contact with opposing teeth under vertical load of 50N, However with the same allowed infraocclusion and the model under vertical load of 500N, implant prosthesis on the second molar had contact with opposing teeth, and stress distribution occured properly on natural teeth and implants. 3. Under $45^{\circ}$ inclined load, the model in which infraocclusion had not been allowed showed greater stress on implants and the supporting bone than on natural teeth. There was greater stress in the case of $45^{\circ}$ inclined load than in the case of vertical load. 4. Under $45^{\circ}$ inclined load of 50N or 500N, the model in which infraocclusion of $30{\mu}m$, had been allowed showed no occlusal contact on the implants and occlusal contact on the natural teeth. 5. In partially edentulous cases with implant supported prosthesis, we can prevent excessive load on implants by allowing infraocclusion.

폐콘크리트 미분말을 이용한 유해 폐기물 고화용 시멘트의 제조

김인섭,원종한,최광휘,최상흘,이종규,손진군,심광보,Kim, In-Seob,Won, Jong-Han,Choi, Kwang-Hui,Choi, Sang-Hul,Lee, Jong-Gyu,Sohn, Jin-Gun,Shim, Kwang-Bo 한국세라믹학회 2002 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.39 No.12

폐콘크리트 미분말과 고로 슬래그를 사용하여 유해 산업폐기물 고화용 시멘트를 제조한 후 수화성상과 압축강도를 평가하고 이 시멘트를 COREX 슬러지에 첨가하여 고화처리 하였다. 폐콘크리트 미분말과 슬래그 미분말을 1:1로 하고 여기에 포틀랜드 시멘트와 반수석고를 각각 10% 첨가하여 만든 고화용 시멘트로 사용 가능한 강도를 발현하고 있었다. 이 시멘트로 COREX 슬러지를 고화한 경우에 7일에서 140 kgf/$cm^2$을 상회하는 강도를 보여 폐슬러지를 고화시켜 안정화하는데 응용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. The cement for solidification of the toxic waste was fabricated using a mixture of the waste concrete powder and blast furnace slag in the ratio of 1:1 and its hydrate morphology and compressive strength of the sample were evaluated in order to apply to the solidification of the COREX sludge. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the sample which prepared by the addition of 10% Portland cement and hemihydrate showed the presence of $Ca(OH)_2$, ettringite, gel-phase and C-S-H hydrate. Compressive strength of the sample exhibited enough high to use as a solidification cement. The strength of the sample was over 140 kgf/$m^2$ in 7 days in case of solidification of the COREX sludge and the sample possess sufficient morphology for the solidification and stabilization of the waste sludge.

오상원 소설의 영화적 기법 연구

김인섭(In Seob Kim) 한국현대소설학회 2013 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.52

Oh Sangwon`s novels adopted cinematic technique which is not seen in traditional linguistic narration. Cinematic technique is montage technique that combines shots to create another meaning or deepen the meaning. In <Hwangseonjidae>, one space is depicted followed by another, rather than depicting linearity or continuity of an event. Here, one cannot detect the flow of an event nor any character in the story. The narration focuses on depicting only a space. And it edits and moves so fast that it reminds readers of screens or cameras in movie theaters. Therefore the narration in <Hwangseonjidae> is by combination of shots which can be seen in movies. Cinematic narration reminds of montage technique in movies since it juxtaposes separate shots rather than follows linguistic narration. Montage in films is not just a depiction of reality. Montage delivers a story in more intense manner. It is because cinematic narration fully follows visual language. A movie can be like a live broadcasting of reality. Of course the reality is not exactly the actual world. But when the audience is watching a movie, they recognize any movement in the movie as real, thinking that an event in the movie is not over and a character is in front of them. Therefore adopting such cinematic technique for literature is not reflecting reality but re-creating reality. <Yuye> explores the essence of reality rather than reproduces reality through time juxtaposition by montage. While <Hwangseonjidae> focuses on reality of the actual world, <Yuye> secures probability of an event and explores the conscience of the main character through flashbacks. The main character suggests to the readers skepticism on reality in which human dignity is destroyed and how to realize values of beings. Flashbacks in <Yuye> does not use time designator that can be seen in linguistic narration therefore remind of flashbacks or flashforward technique in films. These show images without any description therefore blur the border between the past and the present. So montage technique is also reminded in <Yuye>. Montage is a combination of separate shots therefore an appropriate narration style to reveal instability of modern society, anxiety of modern day people and fragmented mentality. Therefore montage in <Yuye> effectively reveals uncertain and fragmented self-reflective narration in modern society. Effect of using montage is that it can fully utilize the readers` imagination. Combination of shots does not follow causality and linearity therefore a gap between shots is inevitable. To keep the flow of narration, readers should constantly try to ``fill`` the gap through vividness. The gap filled with the readers` imagination can be polyphonic and multi-layered rather than fixed or certain since it was filled with the readers` imagination. Therefore cinematic narration can form a wider semantic network while requesting dynamic and active interpretation from the readers.

등척성 요부 근력강화 운동과 요부 안정화운동이 요부 근력과 신전 범위에 미치는 영향

김인섭 ( In Seob Kim ),김창용 ( Chang Yong Kim ) 대한통합의학회 2014 대한통합의학회지 Vol.2 No.3

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of lumbar stabilization exercise (LSE) and isometric lumbar strengthening exercise (ILSE) on lumbar strength and lumbar extension range in healthy young adults. Method : Ten healthy young adults (six males and four females) volunteered to carry out the LSE and ILSE program for two weeks. The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups: the LSE group (n=5) and the LSE plus ILSE group (n=5). The LSE consisted of 20 minutes of exercise related to lumbar stabilization, and the ILSE was composed of five minutes of isometric stabilization exercise with a specific device. Each group exercised three times per week for two weeks. Assessment tools were made using the subjects` isometric lumbar strength and lumbar extension range before and after the interventions. Results : Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in isometric lumbar strength and the lumbar extension range between before and after the interventions in each group (p<.05). Also, the lumbar extension range improved significantly in the LSE plus ILSE group compared to the LSE group; however, there was no statistically significant difference in the two groups` isometric lumbar strength (p>.05). Conclusion : The findings suggest that ILSE might be feasible in clinical settings by offering benefits for lumbar function. Future studies will be continued.

한국전쟁기 시에 나타난 자연심상의 양상과 생명의식

김인섭 ( In Seob Kim ) 한민족어문학회 2014 韓民族語文學 Vol.0 No.67

본고는 한국전쟁기 동안 쓰여진 시들의 자연심상에 나타난 시의식을 고찰하였다. 그동안 전쟁시기인 1950년대 전반기는 문학사의 공백기로 간주되는 경향이 있었고, 이 시기 전쟁시를 연구하는 경우에도 내용 위주의 유형별 분류에 의한 논의에 치중되어 왔다. 전쟁이라는 극한 상황에서 참전하거나 종군한 시인들에 의해 쓰여진 시들에 나타난, 정제(精製)되기 이전의 무의식적 분출에 가까운 상상력의 특질을 살펴 문학사적 의미를 찾아보고자 하는 의도에서, 자연심상의 인식에 드러난 시의식, 특히 생명의식의 표출양상을 중심으로 고찰하였다. 전쟁기 시에 등장하는 자연심상은 동식물 심상 중에서는 식물심상이, 천체와 대지 심상에서는 천체심상이 빈도수가 많았고, 시적 심상으로서의 역할이나 비중도 높았다. 식물은 ‘꽃’과 ‘나무’, 천체는 ‘달’과 ‘별’이 주요심상으로 등장하고, 각 심상마다 특유한 생명의식을 드러내었다. 특히 ‘별’ 심상은 생명을 정화하고 부활시키는 우주적 차원의 상상력과 생명의식을 보여주고 있는바, 한국 시인들의 집단무의식을 이루고 있는 상상력의 한 패턴으로 볼 수 있으며, 전쟁기 이전이나 그후의 시에서는 찾아보기 어려운 주목되는 양상이라 할 수 있다. 전쟁기에 쓰여진 작품들의 자연심상에 나타난 시의식은 1950년대 전반기를 문학사적 공백기로만 볼 수 없게 하며, 급작스러운 극한 경험에서 표출된 일련의 시의식은 분단을 전후한 한국현대시의 지층을 재검토해보게 한다. This research considers the aspect of image of nature appeared in the poetries written during the Korean War. It is necessary to positively study poetry during the Korean War which were defined as a period of blank in Korean literature, and this is because the study on lyricism expression aspect of innate poetry is considered important. As a result, plant images like ‘flower’ and ‘tree’ were mostly used, and astronomical images of ‘star’ and ‘sky’ were noticeable for natural images. Also other land images and animal images were appearing sporadically. For plan images, it shows peaceful scenes of home town or place destroyed because of the war however, in the other hand, most of them shows a strong will to live even in extreme situations. Flower is appeared most frequently as the idea of life, and it is a comparative presence from the human life that is cornered to death. Mostly tree presents life itself as sucking up sap, the power of life, from the land or having full tranches or leaves. In astronomical images, ‘star’ is frequently appears as a major image of poetry, and it gains attention at the point where similar poetic consciousness is expressed from works of different poets. Heavenly ‘star’ is imagined as to make bigger life world after a long period of time as bearing or curing dying life on earth. ‘Sky’ is described as clear and pure space, and ‘moon’ as image that expresses the negative mind. Other images of land and animal images are appearing in variety however, they are presented as a poetic background or simple symbolic image, so it is difficult to see as the dominant images during the Korean War. The images of nature appeared during the war is caused by the extreme experiences, so this could be considered as a fruit of poetic imagination according to unconscious protrusion before the conscious refinement. This also can be seen as a collective expression of unconsciousness of Korean poets who live through before and after the war rather than the poetic consciousness of a specific period or individual. In this wise, it is necessary to sound out the possibility as the archetypal-symbol for the images of ‘flower’ or ‘star’ during the Korea War.

근대건축물의 뮤지엄 재생을 위한 디자인방법에 관한 연구

김인섭(Kim, In-Seob),이성훈(Lee, Sung-Hoon) 한국실내디자인학회 2011 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.20 No.3

Throughout the world, interest in issues relevant to energy, resources, environment, etc, is ever soaring. Therefore, the restoration of modern architecture that fulfilled its epochal function is working as a cultural, historic medium. In addition, it also plays its role in the side of environmental approach and so on. Moreover, the museum, which was only used for the possession of art collections and exhibition purposes, is currently expanding its scale and range as the center of culture and education. Also in reality, with the use of various programs, it is globally pursuing urban vitalizations. This study looks at the meaning of modern architecture restoration as well as its relationship with urban area. Furthermore, the purpose of this study is to look for design method’s direction by finding the relevance between modern architecture restoration and museum during the restoration. This study is based on transformation and preservation scale during the restoration of modern architecture. It analyzed plane and design direction. Additionally, this study analyzed the architectural and regional effect caused by restoration. As a result, in accordance with the direction of museum and the usage, scale, structure as well as superficial aging condition of previous architecture, it shows difference in design methods in the process of restoration. The exterior of architecture was restored and preserved to its original form in order to show the symbolical form through historical value. This is essential to the modern museum. On the other hand, the interior of architecture put more value on utilization concept that its preservation and thus was restored accordingly. However, in all the cases, previous architecture were commonly used and even when alterations and additions were made due to aging and their change in usage, they were restored in a way that preserved and harmonized previous architecture. If the design method for restoration of modern architecture selects the restoration method by considering problems related to location, building value, structure, if it is studied from various angles and is restored after considering its usage as a museum, then we will be able to generate cultural and historical synergy effect. Furthermore, apart from architecture, it will have great impact on urban vitalizations.

성서인유에 따른 문맥의 이중화 양상 비교 -김현승과 윤동주 시의 대비를 중심으로-

김인섭 ( In Seob Kim ) 한민족어문학회 2015 韓民族語文學 Vol.0 No.71

김현승과 윤동주는 기독교 집안에서 성장하면서 어려서부터 성서를 접하고, 기독교신앙을 자신들의 시 의식으로 삼은 시인들이다. 그래서 이들 시인의 작품에는 성서의 영향을 받아 기독교 성서의 내용(구절, 인물, 사건)을 원천으로 하는 인유들이 많이 등장한다. 성서가 인용된 작품들에서는, 인유의 원천들이 애초에 놓였던 원래의 문맥과 시인의 작품에 도입된 새로운 문맥이라는 문맥의 이중화를 형성한다. 원래 문맥에서의 의미와 새로운 문맥에서의 의미가 ‘병치적 융합’을 이루는데, 이때 두 의미는 조화의 관계에 놓이기도 하고, 대립의 관계에 놓이기도 한다. 조화의 경우는 대부분 주제를 확대하고 고양시키며, 대립의 관계에서는 반어적으로 의미를 역전시키거나 비판적인 목적으로 인유가 채용된다. 일제강점기 끝 무렵에 시작활동을 마감한 윤동주와 일제강점기를 지나면서 본격적인 시작활동을 전개한 김현승은, 기독교 신앙을 내면화하는 방식이 서로 달랐으며, 기독교신앙의 지향과 파탄 및 도달점에서도 차이점을 드러낸다. 신앙고백적인 태도를 보이는 조화적 관계에서의 성서 인유나, 자신의 내면세계나 당대적 삶의 의미를 형성하고 있는 대립적인 관계에서의 인유에 있어서 두 시인은 각각 대조적인 양상을 보여주고 있다. 본고는 이러한 차이점을, 우리에게는 낯선 외래사상을 우리의 정신적, 역사적 풍토에서 수용한 상반되는 전형적 사례로 보고, 그 함의하는 바를 규명하였다. Hyunseung Kim and Dongju Yoon are poets who grew up in the Christian families, learn the bible since they are young, and took Christianity belief as their own consciousness. Moreover, the works of these poets are influenced by the bible and a lot of allusions appear based on the contents (characters, events, verses) of the bible. The works that quoted the bible creates dualization of context, which are the original context that sources of allusions were put initially and the new context that is adopted to the poets’ works. The meanings from the original context and the new context establish ‘juxtaposing fusion’ and at this point, these two meanings could be in harmonized relationship and the opposed one. In case of the harmonized relationship, it mostly expands and boosts the topic, and for the opposed relationship, allusions are used in the purpose of reversing the meaning ironically. Dongju Yoon, who concluded his poetry writing during the Japanese colonial, and Hyunseung Kim who started writing later the Japanese colonial had a different method to internalize the Christian faith, and the difference is shown in aims and targets of this faith. They showed contrasting aspects each other as in the bible allusions in a harmonized relationship that expands and boosts the topics of the bible in the attitude of faith-confession, and the allusions in an opposed relationship to establish the meaning of the present life of the own inner world. This study took the differences as contrasting cases that carry our unfamiliar foreign ideas and religious beliefs in our mental and historical climate, and figured its implications.

육필 원고를 통해본 윤동주 시의 개작 양상

김인섭(Kim, In-seob) 한국근대문학회 2013 한국근대문학연구 Vol.14 No.2

윤동주의 사진판 자필시집이 출간됨으로써, 그의 창작과정의 전모가 밝혀졌다. 사진판 자필시집에는 습작노트 수록 58편, 습작시집 『창(窓)』 수록 53편, 연희전문시절 자선시집 수록 19편, 그밖에 낱장으로 된 습유작품 15편 등이 수록되어 있다. 본고에서는 네 가지 작품군들 사이에서 옮겨 적은 작품들 24편을 대상으로 개작(改作) 양상을 고찰하였다. 띄어쓰기, 한자표기, 방언사용, 행과 연의 구성 등 ‘표기 및 형태상의 변모’와 시어의 교체, 문장의 변화, 내용의 삭제·추가 등 ‘내용 및 의미상의 변화’로 나누어 살폈다. 형태상의 변모를 보여주는 개작에서는 초기에는 정제된 형식을 견지하다가 후기로 갈수록 산문화를 거쳐 시인 특유의 ‘자유시’를 확립하는 과정을 살폈고, 의미의 변화를 가져오는 개작에서는 뜻이 정확한 단어, 문맥에 적절한 단어 선택의 양상과 특성, 자연스러운 문장으로의 수정이 가져온 시적 효과, 작품의 완성도를 높이기 위한 초기의 삭제 추가와 보다 성숙된 시의식에서 비롯된 후기의 삭제 추가의 양상 등을 고찰하였다. 개작에 나타난 시 형태 변모와 내용의 변화 양상을 고찰한 본고는 최종적으로는 윤동주 시의 자유시적 면모와 특징을 살펴볼 수 있었다. With the publication of Yun, Dong-joo’s photoengraved autographic collection of poetry, the whole gamut of his creative work process was unfolded. The photoengraved autographic collection of poems re-contains 58 poetic works written in a notebook during his study period, 53 works in his study poetry collection ‘Chang(Window)’, 19 works in the collection of poems selected by the author in the days of Yonhi College, other 15 autographic poems in sheets of paper, etc. This study considered the aspect of reworking targeting 24 pieces of works copied from 4 sorts of works. This study looked into the reworking aspect by dividing it into ‘notation & morphologic transformation’ and contents & semantic change.’ In addition, this study considered word spacing, Chinese character notation, use of dialect, composition of line and stanza in the former and in the latter, considered replacement of poetic words(ending of a word, preposition, and words), sentence change(syntactic, stylistic aspect), and deletion & addition of contents, etc. This study considered the rhythm and breathing partially in word spacing, and found out that the frequency of Chinese character notation was increasing. In addition, this study confirmed that the poet Yun, Dong-joo made much use of the dialect from his hometown region, and that the poet had adhered to the stereotypic form in his early days in the composition of line and stanza when the poet sometimes did formal experimentation as it approached the late period. Further, it was found that poet Yun carefully modified even the grammatical unit that brought about a slight change of nuance or meanings, such as ending of a word or prepositions) and there were many cases where word replacement was made for a response to a meaning or natural sentence composition. In case of reworking on the unit of one-sentence, there were not a few cases where poet Yun produced a stylistic change, such as activeness and passiveness, etc. and there were comparatively many cases of addition or deletion of contents. Addition was made in the scope of a word, phrase and one or two sentences while deletion, in some cases, was done in a substantial scope, such as lines and stanza, etc. Deletion was done dominantly because of creative writing in the text rather than an external censorship, such as situation of the time, etc. Through this writing, it was confirmed that Yun, Dong-joo’s poems has a close association between a form and contents. From now on, it’s also necessary to review the principle or characteristic of creative writing manifested in the process of elaboration.

在北詩人 閔丙均의 光復 前 詩 硏究

김인섭(Kim In-Seob) 우리문학회 2010 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.30

민병균은 황해도 신천 출신으로 평양의 숭실전문학교를 졸업하고, 광복 이후에도 북한문단에서 활발하게 활동해온 재북시인으로서, 북한의 문단이나 문학사에서 상당한 평가를 받은 바 있어 주목을 요한다. 그럼에도 분단 이후 작품활동에 대한 관심에 비해 광복 이전의 활동에 대해서는 자료의 미비 등으로 별다른 연구가 없었다. 본고는 먼저, 전기적측면과 작품자료면에서 그동안 알려지지 않았던 부분을 보완, 정리하였다. 광복 이전의 시작활동은 주로 1930년대 초중반에 집중적으로 이루어졌고, 1930년대 말과 1940년대 전반기에는 두드러진 활동을 보이지 않았다. 이 시기 시의 특성으로는 ‘젊은이’를 중심으로 한 현실의식을 표출한다는 점과, 시에 서사적 요소를 도입하여 이 시기 문학사에서 독특한 성과를 거두었지만 주목하지 못한 점을 지적하였다. 그리고 그의 시에 도입된 자연은 인간중심의 수단적 대상이 아니라 시적 자아와 시대현실을 투영시키는 대상으로서 치열한 현실의식을 드러내는 시임에도 서정성을 확보하게 하는 중요한 요인이 되었다. 광복 이후 1958년에 펴낸 시선집에는 40여 편에 달하는 광복 이전 작품 중 14편을 수록하였는바, 북한의 어문정책에 따라 한자표기를 배제하였고, 행갈이를 하여 시형식을 다듬는 한편, 시의 내용을 간명하게 하여 의미 전달에 치중하였음을 확인할 수 있다. 본고는, 북한 문학에 대한 연구의 축적과 북한 문학에서의 평가에도 불구하고 별다른 주목을 받지 못했던 민병균 시인의 광복 전 시작활동에 대한 연구의 기반을 마련하고 앞으로의 과제를 제시하였다. Byeon-gyun Min was born in Sincheon, Hwanghae-do and graduated from Sungsil School in Pyeongyang. After Korea was liberated from Japan, he conducted proactive literary activities in the North Korean literary circles as a poet. He has gained a lot of attention in the North Korean literary world and in the history of literature. Compared to a strong interest in his literary activity after the division of the Korean peninsula, few studies have been conducted on his literary activity before the independence of Korea from Japan in the wake of insufficient materials. His writing activity was concentrated in the middle of 1930s before the independence of Korea, and it was not that conspicuous at the end of 1930 and in the early 40. Poems written during the period were characterized by expression of perceived reality centering on youths and introduction of epic elements, which led to a unique achievement. The nature introduced to poems projected a poetic self and the reality of an era unveiling the harsh reality of life and achieving lyricism. A collection of poetry published in 1958 after the independence of Korea included 14 poems, and Chinese characters were not used according to North Korean literature policy, and the format of poems was trimmed through changed lines. Contents were simplified to focus on delivering their meaning. The study aimed to establish study basis for literary activities by poet Byeong-gyun Min who did not gain sufficient attention despite a great deal of achievement in accumulated studies on North Korean literature and in the North Korean literary world while suggesting tasks for future studies

북한 전쟁시에 나타난 자연심상 고찰

김인섭(Kim In-seob) 국어국문학회 2011 국어국문학 Vol.- No.158

The research on North Korean poem, especially the war poem, has been conducted with its content as a center. It gave the first consideration to a topic or a message, therefore the poem’s fundamental element was handled without much interest. The war poem in particular was often evaluated as low grade on poetic figuration, and the lyricism, which is the proper function of the poem, was neglected. Therefore, this article focused on how the image, the most basic element of the poem, was used and it studied the aspect of image of nature that reveals the lyricism even in the extreme condition like the war. The image of nature was divided into realistic image, metaphorical image, and symbolic image. Their expressive patterns were looked into, and those images show distinctive characteristics. The realistic image is a image that you personally react or recall in view of the actual object. The metaphorical image is literally a image that is used metaphorically. Like empathy and prosopopeia, it studies the aspect of transition, which is a basic function of metaphor, on the other hand, it reveals a contrasting situation according to juxtapositional metaphor or looks into the aspect of regarding different objects in the same light. And the symbolic mental image is generally a image that is repeatedly used by many pieces by one poet or many different poets than a symbol of general concept that only suggests a vehicle without a tenor. And it often reveals the absolute existence or the value of supremacy. As a result of studying the image of nature that appeared on North Korean war poem, it showed that the poets in North and South Korea had different ideologies but they also both wished for humanism and shared same attitude toward peace. And even though they had different messages in poetic expression, they shared a same function of the true character of the poem that expresses poetic situation based on the lyricism. In spite of many researches that contradistinctively studied North and South Korean literature and attempted to overcome literature of division, those studies could not lead to productive results, only confirming their differences. This article finds its meaning by excluding ideological differences and reviewing North Korean poetry as focusing on basic characteristic of literary genre.