Effect of Auricular acupuncture on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

김용석,김창환,김건식,Kim, Yong-Suk,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Kim, Keon-Sik The Society of Korean Medicine 1996 대한한의학회지 Vol.17 No.2

본 논문은 수술후 오심, 구토증에 대한 이침요법의 효과를 연구하기 위하여 시도되었다. 경희대학교 의과대학 부속병원에서 전신마취하에 복식 자궁절제술을 받기로 예정된 100명의 환자를 두 군으로 나누어 이침요법을 하지 않은 대조군과 이침요법을 시행한 실험군을 대상으로 연구를 하였다. 대상환자의 연령, 체중, 신장, 마취시간은 두 군간에 통계적으로 유의성있는 차이는 없었다. 수술후 12시간이내에 한번이라도 오심, 구역 및 구토가 발생된 환자는 대조군이 68%, 실험군이 30%으로 실험군이 대조군에 비하여 유의성있는 효과를 보였다. 이침요법에 의한 부작용은 나타나지 않았다. 이침요법은 복식 자궁절제술 후 오심, 구토를 부작용없이 예방하는데 상당한 효과가 있는 것으로 사려된다. We have studied the effect of auricular acupuncture on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). 100 female patients undergoing transabdominal hysterectomy were entered into the study. The patients were divided into two groups (auricular acupuncture treatment group and non-treatment group) to test the effectiveness of auricular acupuncture. acupuncture consisted of needle insertion in one ear at four points: sympathetic, stomach, shinmoon and occiput. Before the operation, the above points were punctured perpendicularly by the thumbtack-type needle, leaving its handle lying flat on the skin surface. There was no significant difference in age, weight, height and duration of anesthesia among the two groups of patients. There was a cignificant difference between the control group and auricular acupuncture treatment group in the incidence of vomiting at the first 12 h after surgery 68% and 30%, respectively, p<0.01) No noteworthy side effects fbom treatment were observed. auricular acupuncture is effective in reducing nausea and vomiting after transabdominal hysterectomy in female patients.

한국어의 의문사 비대칭 현상에 관하여

김용석(Yong-Suk Kim) 한국중원언어학회 2012 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.22

The main purpose of this study is to argue that the distributional asymmetries of wh-phrases in Korean interrogatives can be optimally explained under the ‘Parametrized Agree’ analysis of Kim’s(2006) Revised Probe-Goal Framework. Under the argumentation, it goes to light that the two kinds of wh-asymmetries in Korean: the argumentnonargument asymmetry and the selection-nonselection asymmetry are efficiently captured in terms of the Binding Theory (A) and the Copy Identification Principle respectively under Kim’s (2006) analysis.

중풍경직에 전침, TENS 및 신경근 자극기의 효과에 대한 연구

김용석,Kim, Yong-suk 대한침구의학회 2000 대한침구의학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Spasticity, an abnormal increase in resting muscle tone, is one of the most common symptoms of stroke, and its management is becoming a major issue in rehabilitation. The aims of this study are to determine the effects of electroacupuncture(EA), TENS and neuromuscular electric stimulation(NMES) on spasticity, as well as the possibility of tissue comliance method as a spasticity scale. 45 stroke patients participated in a study of the effects on hemiplegic spasticity of EA, TENS and NMES. Spasticity was measured by modified Ashworth scale on the upper extremity and tissue compliance measurement, penetration mm/kg, on Susamni(LI10) area at just before and after stimulation, and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours and 24 hours after stimulation. The acupuncture points were applied to Kokchi(LI11), Susamni(LI10), Hapkok(LI4) and Oegwan(TE5) of the affected limb. The electrodes were placed unilaterally on LI11 to LI10 and TE5 to LI4. EA with biphasic wave, 60Hz, 0.4 msec pulse duration and low intensity was applied continuously for 20 minutes. TENS with high frequency, low intensity was applied. NMES was applied with spasticity program for 20 minutes. Each electric stimulation was done on extensor muscles group of forearm for 20 minutes. EA and NMES groups were found to produce a statistically significant decrease(p〈0.05) of spasticity and these effects lasted up to 30 minutes after stimulation. There was no definite correlation between the modified Ashworth scale and tissue compliance measurement. But tissure compliance method was found to be possible as a quantitative measurement on spasticity. There was no significant correlation between the effects of EA and NMES and the characteristics of patient, but significant correlation between the effects of EA and NMES and the modified Ashworth scale.

유전 알고리즘을 이용한 스테레오 정합

김용석,한규필,김기석,하영호,Kim, Yong-Suk,Han, Kyu-Phil,Kim, Gi-Seok,Ha, Yeong-Ho 대한전자공학회 1998 電子工學會論文誌, S Vol.s35 No.9

본 논문에서는 유전 알고리즘을 이용한 스테레오 정합 방법을 제안한다. 스테레오 정합은 2차원 영상으로부터 물체의 3차원 구조를 복원하기 필수적인 과정이다. 제안된 2차원 구조의 염색체는 각 요소가 변이값들로 이루어진다. 이때, 각 염새체의 비용함수는 두 장의 영상의 휘도값의 차이와 변이값의 평활성에 기초하여 구성된다. 또한, 2차원 염색체에서 주변 화소의 변이값에 영향을 받는 교차와 돌연변이 연산자가 제안된다. 이러한 지식 기반의 연산자를 이용함으로써 보다 빠른 수렴성과 안정된 결과를 보장받을 수 있다. 제안된 유전 알고리즘기반의 스테레오 정합 방법을 합성 영상과 실 영상에 적용한 결과. 제안한 방법이 특징값이 너무 많거나 적은 영상, 잡음이 많이 섞인 영상, 또는 반복적인 형태의 영상에 대해서도 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있다. In this paper, a genetic algorithm-based optimization technique for stereo matching is proposed. Stereo matching is an essential process to recover three-dimensional structure of objects. The proposed two-dimensional chromosomes consist fo disparity values. The cost function of each chromosome is composed of the intensity-difference between two images and smoothness of disparity. The crossover and mutation operators in the two-dimensional chromosomes are described. The operations are affected by the disparities of neighbor pixels. The knowledge-augmented operators are shown to result in rapid convergence and stable result. The genetic algorithm for stereo matching is tested on synthetic and natural images. Experimental results of various images show that the proposed algorithm has good performance even if the images have too dense or sparse feature points. severe noise, and repeating pattern.

Hybrid Sol을 이용한 박막 유전체 제작

김용석,유원희,장병규,오용수,Kim, Yong-Suk,Yoo, Won-Hee,Chang, Byeung-Gyu,Oh, Yong-Soo 한국재료학회 2007 한국재료학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the thin fihn dielectric made of hybrid sol, which consist of barium titanate powder, polymeric sol and other polymers. This sol will be used dielectric applied to small, thin electric passive components such as MLCC(Multi Layer Ceramic Condenser), resister, inductor. This sol is composed of mixed fine barium titanate powder and polymeric sol including Ba, Ti-precursor, solvent, chelating agent, chemical reaction catalyst, the additive sols to improve fired densification and temperature reliability. First at all, we mixed hybrid sol to be dispersed and be stabilized by ball milling for 24hrs. By spin coating method, we makes thin film dielectric on the convectional green sheet for MLCC. After heat treatments, we analyzes the structure morphology, physical, electrical properties and X5R Temperature properties.

제2차 WHO 경혈 위치 국제표준화 회의 보고 - 골도분촌의 한중일 표준안 마련을 위한 토론 -

김용석,강성길,박히준,이혜정,Kim, Yong-Suk,Kang, Sung-Keel,Park, Hi-Joon,Lee, Hye-Jung 경락경혈학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Objective : In March 2004, the second Informal Consultation Meeting on Development of International Standard of Acupuncture Point Locations was held in Beijing, China. Methods: Thirteen experts from WHO, Korea, China, and Japan attended the meeting, and they discussed the problems to establish an international standard of acupuncture point locations for education, research and quality of acupuncture treatment. Results and Conclusions : Based on the fundamental principles of respecting and reality, they recommended to determined the location of acupuncture points in the way of combining documentary analysis, clinical practices and factual measurements.

산화물 분산강화 동합금의 열처리에 따른 미세조직 및 기계적 특성 변화

김용석,Kim Yong-Suk 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.13 No.1

The alumina dispersion-strengthened (DS) C15715 Cu alloy fabricated by a powder metallurgy route was annealed at temperatures ranging from $800^{\circ}C\;to\;1000^{\circ}C$ in the air and in vacuum. The effect of the annealing on microstructural stability and room-temperature mechanical properties of the alloy was investigated. The microstructure of the cold rolled OS alloy remained stable until the annealing at $900^{\circ}C$ in the air and in vacuum. No recrystallization of original grains occurred, but the dislocation density decreased and newly formed subgrains were observed. The alloy annealed at $1000^{\circ}C$ in the air experienced recrystallization and grain growth took place, however annealing in vacuum at $1000^{\circ}C$ did not cause the microstructural change. The mechanical property of the alloy was changed slightly with the annealing if the microstructure remained stable. However, the strength of the specimen that was recrystallized decreased drastically.

마이크로파 소결법을 이용한 LTCC 기판 Post 전극 형성에 관한 연구

김용석,이택정,유원희,장병규,박성열,오용수,Kim, Yong-Suk,Lee, Taek-Jung,Yoo, Won-Hee,Chang, Byeung-Gyu,Park, Sung-Yeol,Oh, Yong-Soo 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2007 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.14 No.4

This study is focused on the effect of the surface properties for the post electrode, which is used in pad formation consisted of SMT such as IC, passive component, combined with fired LTCC substrate, We carried out the surface microstructure of sintered electrode and the basic reliability evaluations with sample fired by microwave sintering to solve the problems occurred in post electrode by electric sintering. We evaluated surface densification status of post electrode according to various conditions of microwave sintering. In additions, it is obtained strong effect on blister improvement of post electrode because of over-sintering and the insufficient out gas in bum out process. As a result of adhesion strength, we confirmed $44.3N/mm^2$ in microwave sintering and $34.5N/mm^2$ in electric sintering, respectively. This result will be used for the basic reliability test. Finally, microwave sintering seems to be economic in process time with 30 min compared to electric sintering with 10 hr. In terms of Mass production and efficiency, microwave sintering are excepted to be higher than electric sintering. LTCC 기판제작에 있어서 Post 전극형성은 실제 IC 및 수동부품을 탑재하는 Pad 형성 부분으로 전극 표면의 특성에 큰 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 일반적인 전기로를 이용한 post 전극 소성시 발생되는 문제점들 개선하여 마이크로파 소결을 통한 전극 미세 구조의 치밀화 및 이에 따른 신뢰성 기초 평가를 진행하였다. 일반적인 전기로와 마이크로파 소결 조건에 따른 전극과 LTCC 세라믹 상태를 평가하였다. 또한 과소성 및 탈바인더 공정시 Out gas 불충분에 의한 전극 부풀림 현상을 개선할 수 있는 효과를 얻을 수 있었으며 실제 solder ball 형성후 실장형 전극의 고착강도를 측정한 결과 기존 전기로에 비해서 30% 고착강도가 증가 하였다. 또한 소결시간을 기존 전기로 10시간에 비해 30분 정도에서 소결 공정이 이루어지므로 95%정도 시간을 단축시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 소성로 설계를 통한 양산성, 효율성에 크게 증대되리라 예상된다.

LTCC 보호층 형성에 따른 박막 전극패턴에 관한 연구

김용석,유원희,장병규,박정환,유제광,오용수,Kim, Yong-Suk,Yoo, Won-Hee,Chang, Byeung-Gyu,Park, Jung-Hwan,Yoo, Je-Gwang,Oh, Yong-Soo 한국재료학회 2009 한국재료학회지 Vol.19 No.7

Metal thin film patterns on a LTCC substrate, which was connected through inner via and metal paste for electrical signals, were formed by a screen printing process that used electric paste, such as silver and copper, in a conventional method. This method brought about many problems, such as non uniform thickness in printing, large line spaces, and non-clearance. As a result of these problems, it was very difficult to perform fine and high resolution for high frequency signals. In this study, the electric signal patterns were formed with the sputtered metal thin films (Ti, Cu) on an LTCC substrate that was coated with protective oxide layers, such as $TiO_2$ and $SiO_2$. These electric signal patterns' morphology, surface bonding strength, and effect on electro plating were also investigated. After putting a sold ball on the sputtered metal thin films, their adhesion strength on the LTCC substrate was also evaluated. The protective oxide layers were found to play important roles in creating a strong design for electric components and integrating circuit modules in high frequency ranges.

제 5차 WHO 경혈 위치 국제표준화 회의 보고

김용석,강성길,손인철,황혜숙,최선미,구성태,Kim, Yong-Suk,Kang, Sung-Keel,Sohn, In-Chul,Hwang, Hye-Suk,Choi, Sun-Mi,Koo, Sung-Tae 경락경혈학회 2007 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Objectives : To inform the 5th WHO Informal Consultation meeting on Development of International Standard Acupuncture Point Locations, held in Osaka, Japan, on September $27{\sim}29$, 2005. Results and Conclusions : Nine experts from Korea, China and Japan discussed the principles of acupuncture points locations and the point locations of 33 controversial acupoints that were not agreed at the previous meeting, as well as 328 non-controversial points that all 3 nations agreed on the locations to confirm the expression of every single point. Through this meeting, the locations of ST30, SP12, LR7 and expressions of LU6, LI8, LI9, LI10, LI 13, SP13, BL60, KI3, GB38, LR11, LR12 were agreed. Furthermore, locations of BL39, GB27, GB28 were confirmed out of 6 non-discussed points. However, several points were still required to held additional meeting to discuss. That includes LI19, LI20, ST36, ST37, ST38, ST39, SI6, KI9, PC8, PC9, TE9, TE17, TE23, GB7, GB30, GV26. In addition, foundation for the international society for the acupuncture point location was proposed to make a regular revision of standard acupuncture point location.