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온존과 광촉매를 이용한 Geosmin 제거 및 부산물 생성에 관한 연구
김영웅(Young Ung Kim),손희종(Hee Jong Son),유명호(Myung Ho Yu),김성윤(Seong Yun Kim),김철(Chul Kim) 한국물환경학회 2000 한국물환경학회지 Vol.16 No.4
This study was carried out comparing with ozone oxidation and photocatalytic degradation for removal of geosmin. In the change of pH, Ozonation, UV-Germicidal lamp and Halogen lamp irradiation and Halogen lamp/TiO₂ Powder was very slowly changing, but UV-Germicidal lamp/TiO₂ Powder was rapidly changed from 7.0 to 7.7 until 300min of irradiation time, and varied a little after. Geosmin degradation ratio was as following, UV-Germicidal lamp/TiO₂ Powder_((200㎎/L)) ≥ O₃$gt; UV-Germicidal lamp/TiO₂ Pw_((100㎎/L)) $gt; UV-Germicidal lamp $gt; Halogen lamp. The result of investigation of generated by-products were 3-Heptanone, two sort of aldehydcs and three sort of alcohols by ozonation. But It was not generated by photocatalytic degradation.
Microcystis sp. 의 오존접촉특성 및 부산물 생성에 관한 연구
김영웅(Young Ung Kim),손희종(Hee Jong Son),유명호(Myung Ho Yu),이춘식(Chun Sik Lee),김성윤(Seong Yun Kim) 한국물환경학회 2000 한국물환경학회지 Vol.16 No.4
This study investigated the removal characteristics, Microcystin decomposition and generation of by-products when aqueous Microcystis sp. is oxidized by ozone. The concentration of Microcystin (MC) in aqueous solution has been found by HPLC analysis to decrease continuously by ozonation after the initial, abrupt increase. The kinetic constant of the decomposition of MC-RR and -LR were 0.0596 and 0.0243, respectively. This means that removal efficiency of MC-RR by its oxidative decomposition is preferable compared with that of MC-LR. On the other hand, it has been found that the decomposition product, TOC, exhibits the continuous decrease in the concentration by further ozonation, while DOC and UV-254 increase temporarily until 10 minutes before the decrease. Furthermore, the GC/MSD analysis has revealed that the ozonation of Microcystis sp. for 100minutes affords five kinds of aldehydes, six kinds of alcohols, and trans-1, 2-dimethyl-cyclopropane.
회전 광촉매반응기를 이용한 조류부산물 제거특성에 관한 연구
김영웅(Young Ung Kim),손희종(Hee Jong Son),유명호(Myung Ho Yu),김영희(Yeong Hee Kim),정종문(Jong Moon Jung),김철(Chul Kim) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.2
The photo catalytic oxidation using TiO_2 with UV light was tested to remove odorous and toxic by-products by algae. Among various kinds of photo catalytic oxidations, rotating disc system with coated TiO_2 on glass surface showed higher-removal efficiency with long term stability. To reduce the retention time of solution, higher rotation speed of disc was needed. 10 ㎍/L of geosmin and 2-MIB, and 4.0 ㎍/L of microcystin-LR were completely oxidized in 90 min and 120 min of the operation, respectively and 80% of 330 ㎍/L of chlorophyll-a was removed in 240 min of the operation.
낮은 에너지 소모와 공간 오버헤드의 Last Level Cache 신뢰성 향상 기법
김영웅,Kim, Young-Ung 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2012 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.2
반도체 집적 기술의 발전은 단위 면적당 더 많은 캐쉬 메모리를 프로세서 내에 적재할 수 있도록 하였으나, 이로 인하여 프로세서는 소프트 에러에 대해 더 취약해지는 추세이며, 이는 설계 고려사항 중 신뢰성의 비중이 점점 더 커짐을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 캐쉬 메모리 계층 중 소프트 에러에 가장 취약한 Last Level Cache에 대하여 낮은 에너지 소모와 공간 오버헤드를 갖는 저비용의 신뢰성 향상 기법에 대하여 제안하고 실험하였다. 실험 결과 소프트 에러에 대해 95.4%의 높은 에러 보호율을 보였으며, 성능은 단지 0.26%이하로 저하되었다. 또한 추가적인 에너지는 2.96%만 요구되었다. Due to the technology scaling, more transistors can be placed on a cache memories of a processor. However, processors become more vulnerable to the soft error because of the highly integrated transistors, and consequently, the reliability of the cache memory must consider seriously at the design space level. In this paper, we propose the reliability improving technique which can be achieved with low energy and low area overheads. The simulation experiments of the proposed scheme shows over 95.4% of protection rate against the soft error with only 0.26% of performance degradations. Also, It requires only 2.96% of extra energy consumption.
Micronesia, Chuuk Lagoon에 서식하는 파랑돔(Pomacentrus coelestis)의 생식년주기
김한준 ( Han-jun Kim ),한정훈 ( Jeonghoon Han ),허성표 ( Sung-pyo Hur ),이균우 ( Kyun-woo Lee ),최영웅 ( Young-ung Choi ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2021 한국수산과학회지 Vol.54 No.2
This study was conducted to investigate the reproductive characteristics of the Neon damselfish Pomacentrus coelestis in Chuuk lagoon (7°27′ N, 151°53′ E), Micronesia, Equatorial Pacific Ocean. The specimens used in this study were collected from August 2009 to September 2010 from around the coral reef area at a depth of 3-10 m in the northwest coast of Weno Island. Overall, 228 individuals were collected over 14 months from this area, of which 115 were females and 108 were males. Among 108 males, 30 were found to be hermaphrodites and the sex of 5 individuals could not be determined. The overall sex ratio was approximately 1.06:1 (female:male), and the ratio of sexually active individuals was 0.79:1. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) fluctuated and showed the highest value of 8.43±1.21 in December 2009 and the lowest value of 3.36±0.71 in September 2009 in sexually active females. Males showed the highest GSI value of 2.64±0.93 in June 2010 and the lowest value of 0.35±0.06 in July 2010. Based on the fluctuation of GSI, the trends in the appearance of monthly sexually active individuals, and biopsy of the gonads, P. coelestis was found to be a hermaphrodite species of protogynous type and is considered to be reproductively active throughout the year.