마취법 차이에 따른 백내장 수술 후 눈꺼풀처짐의 발생 비교

김영국,문지영,김성진.Young Kook Kim. MD. Ji Young Moon. MD. Sung Jin Kim. MD 대한안과학회 2012 대한안과학회지 Vol.53 No.9

Purpose: The authors of the present study conducted a comparative analysis of procaine hydrochloride topical anesthesia and Nadbath-Rehman-Ellis akinesia to observe orbicularis oculi stress against the eyelid speculum and occurrence of postoperative ptosis. Methods: In 40 eyes of 20 patients, 1 eye underwent a cataract operation by topical anesthesia and the other eye underwent Nadbath-Rehman-Ellis akinesiaDepending on the anesthetic method, the 2 groups were evaluated to determine the difference in marginal reflex distance and levator function after the surgery. Results: There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the mean preoperative MRD1 which was 2.5 ± 0.4 mm and levator function which was 9.0 ± 1.1 mm. After 1 week and 4 weeks, the mean MRD1 on eyes with topical anesthesia was 2.0 ± 0.3 mm and 2.3 ± 0.3 mm, respectively, and the mean MRD1 on eyes with Nadbath-Rehman-Ellis akinesia was 2.3 ± 0.2 mm and 2.4 ± 0.4 mm, respectively, which was significantly lower (p = 0.046, 0.042). The levator functions showed no significant differences. The reduction of MRD1 over 2 mm was shown only in the group with topical anesthesia which was significantly higher in comparison to the group with Nadbath-Rehman-Ellis akinesia which had none. Conclusions: In cataract surgery, Nadbath-Rehman-Ellis akinesia can reduce damage to the levator aponeurosis decreasing the occurrence of postoperative ptosis. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2012;53(9):1226-1230

기업의 감염병 예방을 위한 BCP 강화방안 연구

김영국,정경옥,양경아,Kim, Young-Kook,Jeong, Kyung-Ok,Yang, Kyung-Ah 대한안전경영과학회 2021 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.23 No.3

As the number of confirmed cases of Covid-19 is not decreasing, it is time for domestic companies to respond preemptively and in terms of business continuity. The purpose of this study is to present measures to strengthen BCP to prevent infectious diseases in the enterprise. In this work, three methods of data investigation are used. The first was to search for keywords in academic databases such as the National Assembly Library and the Korea Research and Information Service to investigate degree papers and academic papers. Second, we investigated literature such as research reports, manuals, and guidelines on infectious diseases. Finally, the researchers visited official websites such as KDCA, MOHW, and MOIS to collect and analyze recent data. BCP In view of the Board, a new risk analysis should be made and a disaster preparedness system tailored to the characteristics of the entity should be established. We need to analyze corporate weaknesses and focus on safety culture. It is also important to look at how customers choose their services and products. Based on this, differentiated service strategies should be presented. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as basic data for companies that want to systematically manage and operate BCP to prevent infectious diseases.

Mg₂SiO₄ 열형광체의 소결공정과 자외선 선량에 대한 TL 특성에 관한 연구

김영국,손인호,김일홍,송재흥,도시홍,강희동,Kim, Young-KooK,Shon, In-Ho,Kim, Il-Hong,Song, Jae-Heung,Doh, Sih-Hong,Kang, Hee-Dong 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.11

$Mg_2$$SiO_4$: Dy, Tb pellets were made by using a sintering process, including pressing and heat treatment. In the present study, the optimum parameters of the sintering for the $Mg_2$$SiO_4$: Dy, Tb pellets obtained such as the pressing pressure, the sintering temperature and the sintering time were in terms of thermoluminescence. Experimental results showed that the main peak of the glow curve for $Mg_2$$SiO_4$: Dy, Tb thermoluminescence dosimeter was clearly correlated with the energy of the UV and with the grain size. The intensity of the TL glow curve increased and its main peak position shifted to lower temperature with increasing UV irradiation time.

4성분계 복합 산화물 촉매 이용 메탄의 부분산화에 의한 메탄올 직접 합성

김영국,이광혁,함현식,Kim, Young-Kook,Lee, Kwang-Hyeok,Hahm, Hyun-Sik 한국응용과학기술학회 2014 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.31 No.3

Methanol was directly produced by the partial oxidation of methane with four-component mixed oxide catalysts. Four-component(Mo-Bi-Cr-Si) mixed oxide catalysts were prepared by the co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. The catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method showed about eleven times higher surface area than that prepared by the co-precipitation method. From the $O_2$-TPD experiment of the prepared catalysts, it was proven that there exists two types of oxygen species, and the oxygen species that participates in the partial oxidation reaction is the lattice oxygen desorbing around $750^{\circ}C$. The optimum reaction condition for methanol production was $420^{\circ}C$, 50 bar, flow rate of 115 mL/min, and $CH_4/O_2$ ratio of 10/1.5, providing methane conversion and methanol selectivity of 3.2 and 26.7%, respectively.

LiYSiO₄: La 열형광체의 온도에 따른 열발광 특성

김영국,Kim, Young-Kook 한국재료학회 2009 한국재료학회지 Vol.19 No.9

The thermoluminescent phosphors of LiYSi$O_4$ containing rare earth metal(La) dopants of 1 wt.%5 wt.% were prepared, and their TL characteristics have been investigated as a function of parameters such as the doping level and the heating rate. The grain size and cooling temperature of the highly sensitive LiYSi$O_4$: La phosphors have been investigated. The glow curve of LiYSi$O_4$: La has two peaks ($P_1,\;P_2$), and the peak height ratio of the two peaks is called $P_2/P_1$; here, the main peak is $P_2$. Experimental results indicate that the peak height ratios of the glow curve for LiYSi$O_4$: La are clearly correlated with the grain size and cooling temperature. The maximum $P_2/P_1$ ratio 3.25, the maximum sensitivity was observed for a grain size between 100-150 ${\mu}m$. The intensity of the TL peak of the phosphors was linearly proportion to the dose of X-rays.

Detection of Aflatoxins in Soybean Food by HPLC

김영국,노정구,Kim, Young-Kook,Roh, Jung-Koo Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 1985 한국식품과학회지 Vol.17 No.4

고속액체 크로마토 그라피에 CN컬럼과 분리용매로 핵산-테트라 하이드로퓨란-아이소프로필알콜-물을 사용하고 형광 검출기의 검출관에 리클로솔브로 채워 아플라톡신 $B_1$, $B_2$, $G_1$, $G_2$를 분리 정량하었다. 이 조건에서 아플라톡신 $B_1$의 최저 검출한계는 0.2ng이었다. 대량생산 대두발효 식품과 메주에서 아플라톡신함량을 조시하였고, 대두 발효식품에서 사용되는 균주의 아폴라톡신 생성능을 알아보았다. TLC에서는 아플라톡신 유사물질이 검출되었지만 HPLC에서 아플라톡신이 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 시험한 균주의 아폴라톡신의 생성능은 없었다. Aflatoxin $B_1$, $B_2$, $G_1$, and $G_2$were quantitatively detected by the high pressure liquid chromatography on a Micropak-CN column, with Hexane-THF-IPA-water, using a Lichrosorbpacked flowceil in the fluorometric detector. Under those conditions, the minimum detectable amount of aflatoxin $B_1$ was 0.2 ng. HPLC was used in determining amount of aflatoxins in the commercially manufactured soybean food and home-made Meju. Aflatoxin producing abilities of strains used in the industrially fermented soybean food were also studied with the HPLC technique. Although aflatoxin-like substances were detected in a few samples on TLC, they were not identified with the HPLC retention times of standard aflatoxins. The commercial fungal strains used in Korea had no aflatoxin producing abilities.

불순물을 첨가한 $MgB_4O_7$ 열형광체의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구

김영국,손인호,채건식,이수대,설정식,노경석,송재흥,이상윤,도시홍,Kim, Young-Kook,Sohn, In-Ho,Chae, Kun-Sik,Lee, Su-Dae,Sul, Chung-Sik,Noh, Kyong-Suk,Song, Jae-Heung,Lee, Sang-Yun,Doh, Sih-Hong 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.2

$MgB_4O_7$ 열형광체의 활성체는 란탄계 금속인 Tb, Tm, Dy, La, Ho 및 Nd를 첨가하여 $580^{\circ}C$의 Ar 분위기에서 2시간동안 소결하여 제작하였다. 활성화에너지와 glow 곡선의 주 Peak의 세기는 peak shape법과 초기상승법의 두방법에 의해 결정했으며, 최적활성에너지는 $0.76\pm0.02eV$(Tm 첨가시), $0.94\pm0.03eV$(Tm 첨가시) 및 $0.72\pm0.02eV$(Dy 첨가시)였다. 이들 열형광체들은 저 에너지 X-선에 대해 매우 높은 감도를 나타냈으므로 방사선 센서 소자로 개발하기 위한 기초자료가 될 것으로 생각된다. $MgB_4O_7$: Tb, Tm, Dy, La, Ho and Nd phosphors have been prepared by sintering around $580^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours followed by flowing Ar gas. Activation energy and kinetic order of main peak of glow curve were studied by two methods peak shape method and initial rise method. By these methods, the estimated activation energies were $0.76\pm0.02eV$(Tb doped), $0.94\pm0.03eV$(Tm doped), $0.72\pm0.02eV$(Dy doped), respectively. The TL phosphors prepared in this work may be utilized to radiation sensor elements becaue of their high sensitivity to low energy X-ray.

타이포그래피 미디어(이모티콘)의 소통과 공공성

김영국(Young-Kook Kim) 한국콘텐츠학회 2011 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.11 No.6

미디어의 발전 속에서 문자의 사용은 다양한 방법으로 발전해왔다. 인터넷과 모바일의 급속한 성장에 따라 디지털 환경에서 문자언어의 새로운 역할인 시각화와 감정전달이 대두되었다. 의사소통의 편의성을 위한 도구의 한 부분으로 생겨난 이모티콘은 비대면 커뮤니케이션 상황에서 소통문화의 효과적 역할을 한다. 특히 창제 원리상 소통과 나눔의 의미를 내포하며, 단순명료한 형태적 특성을 갖는 한글을 조합하여 만들어진 한글 이모티콘은 그 구조적, 조형적 특성으로 인해 조합과 활용에 편리하여 디지털 커뮤니케이션 환경에서 중요한 시각적 요소의 역할을 한다. 한글 이모티콘은 우리 한글문화의 한 부분이며 매체의 발달에 따른 시각언어의 글로벌화 현상에 비추어 볼 때 국제적 커뮤니케이션 도구로써의 가능성도 충분하다. 개인미디어의 보편화와 미디어의 주체적 사용자의 변화 속에서, 타이포그래피 미디어의 한 부분인 한글 이모티콘의 활용증가와 공공성의 문제를 검토하고자 한다. In line with the development of Media, the use of character has been developed in various ways. Specially, it has been emerged the functions of written language of visualization and delivery of emotion in the digitalized environment due to speedy growth of internet and Mobile. The emoticons emerged as a tool for the convenience of communication proved to have taken effective role in the part of communication culture. Particularly, Hangul emoticons which contains the meaning of communication and sharing in tandem with the principle of Hangul invention, provides convenience in combination & use due to its structural and design characteristic for which it plays a significant role of visual element. Hangul emoticon is definitely a part of Hangul culture and in view of globalization of visual language in connection with media development, there is a huge potential being to be used as a international communication tool. In this study, it will be reviewed on the increased utilization of Hangul emoticons and related public issues as being a part of typography media, in view of the generalization of private media as well as change of subjective user.

헬스케어서비스 활성화를 위한 법정책 과제 - 빅데이터에 기반한 개인의료정보의 활용을 중심으로 -

김영국(Kim, Young-Kook) (사)한국보험법학회 2019 보험법연구 Vol.13 No.2

헬스케어서비스는 보험회사가 보험계약자 등의 건강을 유지 관리하고 효율적 으로 치료하는데 반드시 필요한 업무로서 보험의 효용을 높이기 위해 적절하게 보장되어야 한다. 그러나 현재 실무적으로 보험회사가 보험계약자 등을 위해 충분한 헬스케어서비스를 제공하기에는 일정한 한계가 있다. 의료법상 의료행위 해석 문제, 의료정보 공유 문제가 핵심 사항이라 할 수 있다. 이러한 법적 쟁점과 관련하여 보건복지부 등 관련 부처에서 다양한 논의가 이루어지고 있다. 그런데 아직까지 가시적인 효과는 없는 상황이며, 향후에도 의료계의 반대로 인해 전향적인 유권해석 및 법령개정 등도 불투명하다. 다만, 최근에 빅데이터 경제 3법의 개정 움직임이 있고, 마이데이터 산업과 관련된 정부의 정책 발표가 있기에 개인정 보의 활용이 절실한 보험업 등 빅데이터 관련 산업의 가시적인 발전이 기대된다. 궁극적으로 효율적인 치료를 위해서는 의료진이나 정보주체가 의료정보에 접근하여 활용할 수 있는 방안이 강구되어야 한다. 먼저 국가 차원의 의료데이터 통합 관리 체계가 우선적으로 이루어지 고, 정보주체가 자신의 의료정보를 치료 등의 목적으로 이용할 수 있도록 데이터 관리체계가 수립되어야 한다. 이에 따라 빅데이터 경제 3법을 통활 할 수 있는 통합 빅데이터법을 제정 하거나 개인의료정보 보호 및 활용법 제정을 통해 철저한 보안이 전제된 정보공유와 정보결 합을 확대하고, 아울러 법체계상의 문제도 보완할 필요가 있다. 특히 보험업과 관련하여 개인의료정보를 헬스케어서비스의 선진화에 활용할 수 있도록 정보 관리, 접근 또는 열람, 활용 시스템을 보험업계의 보험정보통합시스템과 연계할 수 있는 방안이 강구된다면, 보다 수준 높은 서비스가 가능하리라 생각한다. 그러나 보험업계가 갖고 있는 정보관리체계에 국민건강관리공단 등이 보유하고 있는 개인의료정보를 결합하는 것은 기술적으로 가능할지 라도 정보의 오남용과 같은 문제로 인해 실현 가능성은 높지 않다. 정보주체가 정보관리자로 부터 자신의 민감정보를 모바일앱 등을 통해 직접 받아 본인의 동의하에 헬스케어서비스 등에 활용하는 방안이 적절하다고 본다. Healthcare service is essential for insurance companies to manage and keep a policyholder’s health and for the efficient treatment. It should be guaranteed properly in order to increase insurance usefulness. Unfortunately, insurance companies face some limitations in providing enough healthcare service for a policyholder in a practical level. The main limitations are interpretation of medical behavior according to Medical Service Act and sharing of health records. With regard to the legal issues, Ministry of Health and Welfare and other relevant government departments have a variety of discussion. However, any visible effect has yet to be produced. It is still unclear that forward-looking authoritative interpretation and legal revision will be made, due to the opposition of the medical circle. Nevertheless, given the three acts of big data economy to be revised and the government’s announcement of MyData industry, the big data based industries, including the insurance industry that urgently need the use of personal information, are expected to achieve visible development. Ultimately, for efficient treatment, it is necessary to find a plan that helps the medical staff or information objects access and use medical records. In other words, it is necessary to establish a health data integration and management system in the national dimension, and to make a data management system that helps information objects use health records for treatment. Accordingly, it is necessary to establish the act of integrated big data which embraces the three acts of big data economy in order to address legal issues. In particular, if an information management, access, and utilization system interacts with the insurance information integration system in the insurance industry in order for insurance companies to apply personal health records to their healthcare service advancement, better service will be provided. Although the information management system of the insurance industry can technically combine with the personal health records managed by National Health Insurance Corporation, it is less likely to be implemented due to abuse of information. Therefore, the proper plan for utilizing healthcare service is to let information objects directly receive their sensitive data from an information manager through mobile app and then agree on the use of their data.

『온라인플랫폼공정화법』 입법안에 관한 법정책 소고

김영국 ( Young-kook Kim ) 한국법정책학회 2021 법과 정책연구 Vol.21 No.1

거래방식이 오프라인에서 온라인 중심으로 변화하면서 공정한 경쟁질서 확보를 위해 새로운 규제의 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 디지털 중심의 경제가 빠른 속도로 성장하면서 과거의 규제 방식은 한계에 직면하였다. 특히 코로나19 감염병의 확산은 온라인플랫폼 기업의 급성장으로 이어졌고 이 과정에서 플랫폼사업자와 입점업체와의 불공정한 거래 문제가 부각되었다. 이른바 거래에서의 “갑을관계”가 공정한 경쟁질서를 해함은 물론 이용자의 편익을 저해하거나 경제적 부담으로 이어지는 구조이다. 이러한 문제와 관련하여 공정거래위원회는 현행 공정거래법상으로는 실효성 있는 규제가 어렵다고 판단하고 온라인플랫폼공정화법안을 국회에 제출하였다. 현재 국회에서 다수의 의원입법안과 함께 심의 중에 있는바 조속히 법률이 제정될 것으로 예측되고 있다. 그러나 방송통신위원회가 주도하는 의원입법안 등 정부와 국회 내에서도 관점에 따라 규제의 형식과 내용에 차이가 존재한다. 디지털 경제의 혁신과 적절한 규제의 균형점을 찾아가기 위한 노력이 필요한 시점이다. 특히 중복규제나 과잉규제로 이어져 디지털 경제의 발전에 악영향을 미치는 방식으로 법률이 제정되어서는 안 될 것이다. 이 논문은 온라인플랫폼 중심 거래에서의 불공정하고 부당한 거래를 막기 위해 온라인플랫폼공정화법의 신속한 제정이 필요하다고 보았으며 최소한의 규제를 통해 공정질서를 확보하면서도 디지털 혁신을 도모할 수 있는 방안을 모색해야 한다고 보았다. As the trading method changes from offline to online, the need for new regulations is increasing to secure a fair competitive order. As the digital-oriented economy grows at a rapid pace, past regulatory methods are reaching their limits. In particular, the spread of Covid-19 infectious diseases is leading to the rapid growth of online platform companies, and unfair transactions with platform operators and store companies have been highlighted. The so-called "gap relationship" in transactions not only harms the fair competition order, but also leads to a structure that hinders users' benefits or leads to economic burdens. In this regard, the Fair Trade Commission decided that effective regulation under the current Fair Trade Act was difficult and submitted an online platform fairing bill to the National Assembly. Currently, the legislation is expected to be enacted as soon as it is being reviewed by the National Assembly along with a number of legislative bills, but the views differ in the government and the National Assembly, including legislative bills led by the Korea Communications Commission. It is time for efforts to find a balance between innovation and proper regulation in the digital economy. In particular, legislation should not be enacted in a way that leads to overlapping regulations or excessive regulations, hindering the development of the digital economy. This paper believes that the online platform fairing law needs to be enacted quickly to prevent unfair and unfair transactions in online platform-oriented transactions, and that it should seek ways to promote digital innovation while securing process order through minimal regulations.