Monte Carlo Calculation of Thermal Neutron Flux Distribution for (n, v) Reaction in Calandria

김순영,김종경,김교윤,Kim, Soon-Young,Kim, Jong-Kyung,Kim, Kyo-Youn Korean Association for Radiation Protection 1994 방사선방어학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The MCNP 4.2 code was used to calculate the thermal neutron flux distributions for $(n,\;{\gamma})$reaction in mainshell, annular plate, and subshell of the calandria of a CANDU 6 plant during operation. The thermal neutron flux distributions in calandria mainshell, annular plate, and subshell were in the range of $10^{11}{\sim}10^{13}\;neutrons/cm^2-sec$ which is somewhat higher than the previous estimates calculated by DOT 4.2 code. As an application to shielding analysis, photon dose rates outside the side and bottom shields were calculated. The resulting dose rates at the reactor accessible areas were below design target, $6 {\mu}Sv/h$. The methodology used in this study to evaluate the thermal neutron flux distribution for $(n,\;{\gamma})reaction$ can be applied to radiation shielding analysis of CANDU 6 type plants. CANDU 6 중수형 원자로 운전중에 Calandria Shell내에서 발생하는 $(n,\;{\gamma})$ 반응유발 열중성자속분포와 CANDU 6 발전소의 측면 및 하단 차폐구조에서의 방사선 선량률을 계산하기 위하여 몬테칼로 방법을 이용한 MCNP 4.2 코드를 사용하였다. 계산결과, Mainshell, Annular Plate와 Subshell내 의 열중성자속분포는 $10^{11}{\sim}10^{13}\;neutrons/cm^2-sec$로 나타났고, 이는 DOT 4.2 코드의 계산결과와 비교해 볼 때 약간 큰 값들의 분포를 보여주고 있다. 이 계산결과의 응용으로서 작업자 접근가능지역 (Worker Accessible Areas)에서의 감마선량률을 계산해본 결과 설계목표치인 $6{\mu}Sv/h$보다 낮은 값을 주는 것으로 나타났다. $(n,\;{\gamma})$ 반응유발 열중성자속분포에 대한 MCNP 4.2 코드의 계산결과는 CANDU 6형 원자로의 방사선 차폐해석에 중요한 자료로 널리 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

모수와 비모수 모형을 활용한 사망률 예측 비교 연구

김순영,오진호,Kim, Soon-Young,Oh, Jinho 한국통계학회 2017 응용통계연구 Vol.30 No.5

급속한 고령화로 인하여 미래의 인구와 인구구조에 관해 사회와 정부의 관심이 증가하고 있으며 우리나라의 사망률은 감소하고 있으나 감소폭은 변동적이다. 본 연구에서는 이를 고려할 수 있는 모형을 살펴보고자 LC 모형, LM 모형, BMS 모형 그리고 비모수평활 기법이 적용된 FDM과 Coherent FDM을 비교 분석하여 연령별 사망률과 기대수명 예측의 정확성 측면에서 남녀 사망률 개선 추이를 예측하는데 적합한 모형을 살펴보았다. 또한 우리나라 사망률 예측에 비모수 기법의 활용 가능성을 검토하였다. 분석 결과 최근 자료의 추세를 잘 반영하는 비모수기법을 활용한 인구통계모델인 FDM과 Coherent FDM의 예측력이 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 결과적으로 FDM과 Coherent FDM은 적합이 뛰어나고, 미래에 변화가 크지 않다면 예측력 또한 우수하다 볼 수 있을 것이다. The interest of Korean society and government on future demographic structures is increasing due to rapid aging. Korea's mortality rate is decreasing, but the declined gap is variable. In this study, we compare the Lee-Carter, Lee-Miller, Booth-Maindonald-Smith model and functional data model (FDM) as well as Coherent FDM using non-parametric smoothing technique. We are then examine a reasonable model for projecting on mortality declined rate trend in terms of accuracy of mortality rate by ages and life expectancy. The possibility of using non-parametric techniques for the prediction of mortality in Korea was also examined. Based on the analysis results, FDM and Coherent FDM, which uses the non-parametric technique and reflects the trend of recent data, are excellent. As a result, FDM and Coherent FDM are good fit, and predictability is also excellent assuming no significant future changes.

전부주조금관 치경부 변연의 형태가 치경부 변연적합에 미치는 영향

김순영,이석현,조광헌,Kim, Soon Young,Lee, Seok Hyeon,Jo, Kwang Hun 대한치과보철학회 1990 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.28 No.2

The purpose of the study was to correlate margin design(chamfer, shoulder, shoulder with a $45^{\circ}$ bevel. with the seating and sealing of cemented full cast crowns under standardized simulated clinical conditions. Wax patterns were made with milled stainless-steel dies and rings, and were invested, burnt out, and cast. The full cast crowns were comented on individual resin dies, and a gradually diminishing load(45kg to 25kg. was applied over a 10-minute period. The specimens were sectioned centrally with a low speed diamond saw and examined with light microscope. The results were as follows : 1. Chamfer preparations demonstrated it was the best marginal seal, followed in order by the shoulder with a $45^{\circ}$ bevel, and by the shoulder(p<.05). 2. Chamfer preparations demonstrated it was the best occlusal seating, followed in order by the shoulder, and by the shoulder with a $45^{\circ}$ bevel(p<.05). 현재 임상에서 사용되고 있는 니켈-크롬합금(Washiloy Soft, Kamemizu Chemical Inc. Ltd., Japan)을 이용하여 Chamfer, shoulder, shoulder with a $45^{\circ}$ bevel의 각 치경부 변연의 형태에 따른 시멘트층 피막후경을 교합면 및 치경부에서 측정, 비교하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 금관의 교합면 장착정도는 chamfer가 가장 우수하고, 다음으로는 shoulder, shoulder with a $45^{\circ}$ bevel의 순이며, 이들 간에는 유의성 있는 차이를 나타내었다(p<.05). 금관의 치경부 적합도는 chamfer가 가장 우수하고, 다음으로 shoulder with a $45^{\circ}$ vevel, shoulder의 순이며, 이들 간에는 유의성 있는 차이를 나타내었다(p<.05).

천속단의 성분

김순영,권용수,김창민,Kim, Soon-Young,Kwon, Yong-Soo,Kim, Chang-Min 한국생약학회 1999 생약학회지 Vol.30 No.4

From the EtOAc fraction of Dipsacus asper, four compounds have been isolated. On the basis of spectral data, these compounds were identified as protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid and methyl 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinate.

녹두 하배축에서의 Ethylene Forming Enzyme 의 억제제로서의 2 , 3 , 5 - Triiodobenzoic Acid

김순영,강빈구 ( Soon Young Kim,Bin G . Kang ) 생화학분자생물학회 1987 BMB Reports Vol.20 No.2

Auxin-induced ethylene production in hypocotyl segments of etiolated mung bean seedlings was severely inhibited by 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), a potent inhibitor of auxin transport. However, the inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis by the transport inhibitor was found to be unrelated to an obvious impairment of the auxin transport system. The inhibitor also suppressed ethylene production from segments fed with 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC), the immediate precursor of ethylene. TIBA treatment also led to a substantial accumulation of ACC in the tissue incubated with either auxin or ACC. These findings suggest that TIBA inhibits ethylene production by specifically blocking the conversion of ACC to ethylene. The possibility of TIBA acting as a free radical scavenger was ruled out by the lack of TIBA effect on chemiluminescence in a luminol-based system in vitro. Results obtained from experiments with mercaptoethanol suggest that TIBA may act as a sulfhydryl inhibitor on $quot;ethylene forming enzyme (EFE)$quot;, the enzyme catalyzing the formation of ethylene from the penultimate precursor, ACC.

원도급자 측면에서의 저가하도급 판정기준의 문제점과 개선방안

김순영,한충희,백태룡,김균태,이준복,Kim, Soon-Young,Han, Choong-Hee,Baek, Tae-Ryong,Kim, Kyoon-Tai,Lee, Jun-Bok 한국건설관리학회 2009 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.6

1983년 제정되어 찬반논란이 계속되고 있었던 저가하도급심사제도는 2004년 12월 건설산업기본법이 개정되고, 2005년 6월 동법시행령과 시행규칙을 개정함으로써 공공발주자에게는 의부사항이 되었으며, 최근 개정된 법령에서는 하도급계획서 제출을 강화하고 하도급공사정보망을 구축하는 등 저가하도급에 대한 관리가 강화되었다. 이 제도의 당초 도입취지는 저가하도급 여부를 사전에 심사함으로써, 저가하도급으로 인한 부실시공을 방지하고, 공정거래질서의 교란을 방지하는 것이었다. 그러나, 현행 저가하도급 판정기준에는 몇가지 문제점이 있어 그 도입취지대로 역할을 수행하는데 한계가 많은 실정이다. 본 논문은 현행 저가하도급 여부를 판단하는 기준으로 사용되는 원도급계약단가와 금액, 하도급낙찰률, 그리고 저가하도급 판단기준율에 대한 문제점을 고찰하고 그 분석 검토결과를 바탕으로 하여 개선방안을 제시함으로써, 저가하도급심사제도의 당초 도입취지를 살리는 데 기여하고자 한다. As the Fundamentals of Construction Business Act was revised in December 2004 and its implementing ordinances and enforcement regulations were adjusted in June 2005, the screening system of low price subcontracting has been an obligation to the public owners, having brought about arguments for and against since it enacted in 1983. The statutes for low price subcontracting have been reinforced from this year; for example, it underlines to submit to a project and builds an information network of subcontracting works. The system's original intention was that prevents shoddy and fraudulent constructions caused by low price subcontracting and precludes disturbances of fair trade by screening that whether it satisfies the conditions or not in advance. But, the criterion for the existing low price subcontracting has several issues having held up a true mirror to the real situation. It is arguable to discharge an important task with the primary purpose. This dissertation have researched the problem with a deposit of subcontract and the low price subcontracting basic rate are being used by the criteria for deciding whether it is a low price subcontracting or not, so showing the plan of reformation based on the findings, it wishes to contribute toward making the most of the system's essential intent.

공공주택공사에서의 도급단가 리스크 규명에 관한 연구

김순영,한충희,백태룡,김균태,이준복,Kim, Soon-Young,Han, Choong-Hee,Baek, Tae-Ryong,Kim, Kyoon-Tai,Lee, Jun-Bok 한국건설관리학회 2010 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.11 No.2

현재 턴키 대안입찰공사에서의 도급내역서 단가가 적정하게 책정되지 않고 있다. 그 사유는 각 입찰제도의 성격 및 그에 따른 단가책정 프로세스가 다르기 때문이며, 이러한 사유로 인하여 턴키 입찰에서는 총액을 맞추기 위한 단가가, 그리고 내역 입찰에서는 저가심의제를 통과하기 위한 단가가 도급내역서에 사용되고 있으면 그 단가는 각 공종별 적정단가라 할 수 없다. 그러나, 도급계약후에는 이러한 단가들이 각 입찰제도의 성격 및 그에 따른 단가책정 프로세스의 고려없이, 모두 도급기성, 설계변경, 물가변동 등 법적 기준단가로 사용되고 있으며, 또한, 저가하도급 판정 기준 및 실적공사단가로도 사용되고 있어 다른 제도에까지 영향을 주고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 시스템은 검증되지 않은 단가를 책정한 입찰자와 발주자에게 모두 리스크 상승요인으로 작용하고 있어, 본 연구에서 그 리스크인자를 규명하고 그 리스크의 정도를 파악하여 향후 그 리스크를 대비하고 관리할 수 있도록 하였다. Currently, the unit price of public construction projects are not being evaluated appropriately for several reasons. First, the evaluation of the unit price differ per nature of the bidding process and its estimation process. In fact, pricing is determined to meet the total price in turnkey projects and to pass the low bid price deliberation process in unit price projects, and thus, such prices cannot be said to be reasonable prices per public project. After the contract is awarded, however, the prices determined without taking into consideration the characteristic of each bidding process and price estimate process are used for the valuation of progress payment, design changes, and escalation. Furthermore, this is also being applied to other low bid deliberation process as actual public project unit price, thereby affecting other processes as well. In effect, this system increases the risks for both the owner and the bidder who have determined the unit price. This research examines the risk factor and its extent in order to properly manage it in preparation for the future.

일 주간보호센터 이용노인의 만족도에 관한 조사 연구

김순영,강경숙,Kim, Soon-Young,Kang, Kyung-Sook 한국지역사회간호학회 1999 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to describe the degree of satisfaction at day care center's services and the degree of relationship between each service and overall satisfaction. The data collection was performed from July 1, 1999 to July 15, 1999. And total 199 elderly clients were interviewed in Koksung-kun. The results of the study is as follows: 1. The percentage of satisfactory response at transport service was 95.2%, food supply 94.3%, bath 93.2%, hair cutting 90.8%, physical therapy 90.2%, medical treatment 89.3%. And oriental medical treatment 82.0%. 2. For question of the degree of satifaction at day care service, the distribution of answer was 75.1% in exellent. 15.5% in good, 3.6% in moderate, 3.6% in poor, 2.1% in most poor. 3. The subjective satisfaction was not significantly different by sex, age, the presence or absence of religious, educational level, the presence or absence of family and economic level. 4. A significant association between the program satisfaction and the subjective satisfaction was observed: odds ratios were 26.9 in food supply, 26.4 in luncheon supply, 17.4 in bath, and 14.5 in hair cutting. The following is suggestion based on results of this study: A service program should be developed to fit conditions of rural elderies by specifically analyzing needs of the elderly.

코호트 효과를 고려한 확률적 사망률 예측 모형의 비교 연구

김순영,Kim, Soon-Young 한국통계학회 2021 응용통계연구 Vol.34 No.3

지난 50여 년 동안 우리나라의 사망률 감소 패턴에 대한 탐색적 연구에 의하면 연령별 사망률이 모든 연령에서 감소했지만, 특정한 사망률이 개선되고 있는 패턴은 연령과 기간에 따라 다르다는 것을 알 수 있다. 여자가 남자보다 사망률 개선이 뚜렷하고 특히 시간이 지나면서 특정그룹에서의 사망률 개선이 두드러짐에 따라 전반적으로 사망 시간 추세에 구조적인 변화가 존재함을 확인하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우리나라 여자 사망률 자료를 이용하여 미래 사망률 예측을 위해 코호트 효과를 고려한 다양한 확률적 사망률 모형을 살펴보았다. 또한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 2067년까지 연령별 사망률과 예측기대수명을 작성하고 통계청(KOSIS)에서 제공하는 장래 연령별 사망률과 기대수명과 비교하였다. 자료이용기간에 따라 최적의 모형이 상이하나 적합력과 예측력을 전반적으로 고려했을 때 우리나라 여자 사망률은 코호트 효과를 고려한 PLAT 모형이 적절하다 볼 수 있을 것이다. Over the past 50 years, explorative research on the nation's mortality decline patterns has showed a decrease in age-specific mortality rates in all age groups, but there were different improvement patterns in specific mortality rates depending on ages and periods. Greater distinct improvement was observed in mortality rates among women than men, and there was a noticeable improvement in mortality rates in certain groups especially in the more recent decades, revealing a structural change in the overall trends regarding death periods. In this paper, we compare various stochastic mortality models considering cohort effects for mortality projection using Korean female mortality data and further explore the uncertainty related to projection. It also created age-specific mortality rates and life expectancy for women until 2067 based on the results of the analysis, and compared them with future age-specific mortality rates and life expectancy provided by the national statistical office (KOISIS). The best optimal model could vary depending on data usage periods. however, considering the overall fit and predictability, the PLAT model would be regarded to have appropriate predictability in terms of the mortality rates of women in South Korea.

2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic Acid as an Inhibitor of Ethylene Forming Enzyme in Mung Bean Hypocotyls

김순영,강빈구,Kim, Soon-Young,Kang, Bin-G. Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1987 한국생화학회지 Vol.20 No.2

오옥신 전달억제물질로 알려진 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA)는 황화녹두 하배축 조직에서 오옥신유도 에틸렌 생성을 억제하였으며, 이러한 억제는 오옥신 전달억제와는 관련이 없다는 것을 알게되었다. 이 억제물질은 에틸렌 바로 전단계 중간대사물인 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)에 의한 에틸렌 생성도 비슷한 양상으로 억제 시켰으며 또 조직에서 ACC의 축적을 증가시켰다. 이러한 사실은 TIBA가 ACC에서 에틸렌으로 전환되는 과정을 특정하게 억제한다는 것을 시사하고 있다. TIBA 가 free radical scavenger로서 작용할 가능성은 luminol chemiluminescene의 실험 결과 배제되었다. Mercaptoethanol을 이용한 실험결과는 TIBA가 ethylene forming enzyme에 sulfhydryl 억제제로 작용한다는 가능성을 뒷받침 하고있다. Auxin-induced ethylene production in hypocotyl segments of etiolated mung bean seedlings was severely inhibited by 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), a potent inhibitor of auxin transport. However. the inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis by the transport inhibitor was found to be unrelated to an obvious impairment of the auxin transport system. The inhibitor also suppressed ethylene production from segments fed with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). the immediate precursor of ethylene. TIBA treatment also led to a substantial accumulation of ACC in the tissue incubated with either auxin or ACC. These findings suggest that TIBA inhibits ethylene production by specifically blocking the conversion of ACC to ethylene. The possibility of TIBA acting as a free radical scavenger was ruled out by the lack of TIBA effect on chemiluminescence in a luminol-based system in vitro. Results obtained from experiments with mercaptoethanol suggest that TIBA may act as a sulfhydryl inhibitor on "ethylene forming enzyme (EFE)", the enzyme catalyzing the formation of ethylene from the penultimate precursor, ACC.