랫드에서 amitraz의 출생 전후 발생 시험

김성환,임정현,박나형,문창종,박수현,강성수,배춘식,김성호,신동호,김종춘,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Lim, Jeong-Hyeon,Park, Na-Hyeong,Moon, Changjong,Park, Soo-Hyun,Kang, Seong-Soo,Bae, Chun-Sik,Kim, Sung-Ho,Shin, Dong-Ho,Kim, Jong-Choon 대한수의학회 2010 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.50 No.2

This study investigated the potential effects of amitraz on the pre- and postnatal development, behavior, and reproductive performance of offspring of parent rats given amitraz during pre-mating, gestation, and lactation. The test chemical was administered via the drinking water containing 0, 40, 120, and 360 ppm to male rats from 2 weeks before mating to the end of 14-day mating period and to females from 2 weeks before mating, throughout mating, gestation and lactation up to weaning. Based on fluid consumption, the male rats received an average of $0,\;5.7{\pm}1.33,\;13.2{\pm}2.08,$ and $35.8{\pm}3.42$ mg/kg/day amitraz, and the female rats received an average of $0,8.7{\pm}4.42,\;20.1{\pm}9.60,\;and\;47.6{\pm}22.38$ mg/kg/day amitraz, respectively. At 360 ppm, an increase in the incidence of abnormal clinical signs, a suppression in the body weight gain, a decrease in the food consumption and litter size, an increase in the post-implantation loss, and a decrease in the seminal vesicle weight were observed in the parent animals. In addition, a suppression in the body weight gain, a decrease in the grip strength, a delay in the negative geotaxis, an increase in the pre- and post-implantation loss, and a decrease in the number of live embryos were observed in the offspring. At 120 ppm, suppressed body weight gain and reduced food consumption were observed in the parent rats. Suppressed body weight gain and decreased grip strength were also observed in the offspring. There were no signs of either reproductive or developmental toxicity at 40 ppm. Under these experimental conditions, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of amitraz for parent rats and their offspring was estimated to be 40 ppm in rats.

고려 말 李中仁의 활동과 교유 관계

김성환(Kim, Sung-hwan) 포은학회 2011 포은학연구 Vol.8 No.-

이중인(1315~?)과 관련한 자료는 1705년 13대손 이세회가 지은 〈고려구 성부원군이공묘표음기〉가 전부이다. 그는 판도판서인 이광시와 덕양부부인 행주기씨의 아들이자 대제학 全信의 사위로 아들 사영과 사위ㆍ사이를 두었다. 그의 이름은 李冲仁 또는 李沖仁으로 기록되기도 했다. 그는 부음을 통해 관직에 나갔을 것으로 추측되는데, 관력으로는 1339년(충숙왕 복위8)~1340년(충혜왕 복위 1)을 전후하여 중서성지인, 1350년대 후반부터 1362년 이후까지의 통직랑, 홍복도감판관 등이 확인된다. 최종 관직이 문하시중이었다는 《기년동사약》의 기록을 염두에 둘 때, 훨씬 다양한 관직과 활동을 역임했을 것으로 추측되지만, 확인할 수 없다. 그가 판관을 역임한 홍복도감이 어떤 성격의 관부였는지 명확하지 않다. 홍복도감이 소속된 전의시가 왕실의 제사를 주관하고 왕의 묘호와 시호의 제정을 주관하는 관청으로 전의시판사는 불교와 유교의 제례가 어우러져 진행되는 예제에 밝아야만 임용될 수 있는 자리였고, 홍법도감판관 역시 마찬가지였을 것이다. 이것은 그가 국휼의 예제는 물론 성리학적인 의식에도 관통하고 있었음을 의미한다. 원나라에 사신을 다녀오기도 하면서 성리학을 수용했던 부친 이광시의 가르침을 염두에 둘 수 있는 부분이다. 이중인은 부친과 장인이 교유했던 백이정ㆍ김제안ㆍ김륜ㆍ이제현 등 유학자 그룹들을 선배로, 김득배ㆍ한방신 등을 자신과 함께 관직 활동을 했던 동료로, 이색을 자신의 후배이자 아들의 선생으로, 아들과 동년이었던 정몽주ㆍ임박ㆍ문익점ㆍ김군정ㆍ이존오ㆍ유원ㆍ곽추 등 신흥사대부들과 다양하게 교류하였다. 특히 그는 이색보다 14년, 정몽주보다 23년 연배였다. 이색은 그의 장자이자 자신의 성균관 생도였던 이사영의 학문을 칭송하였고, 이숭인 역시 이사영과의 관계가 특별했다. 이사영ㆍ이사위 형제를 포함하여 이색ㆍ한수ㆍ이집ㆍ이숭인ㆍ정몽주ㆍ정추ㆍ박진록ㆍ이무방ㆍ이종학ㆍ김구용 등은 나이ㆍ관직에 관계없이 교류하며 시국에 대한 토론과 대책을 논의하기도 하였다. 이런 관계에서 이들은 자연스럽게 이중인의 집을 드나들었고, 개인적으로는 벗의 부친이나[정몽주], 제자의 부친으로[이색], 공적으로는 조정의 선배이자 尊丈으로서 이중인을 접했을 것이다. 그리고 자연스레 신왕조의 개창을 준비하는 이성계ㆍ정도전ㆍ조준 등에 맞서 개혁을 통한 고려의 보지와 부흥을 위해 고민하고 노력하였다. 이런 측면에서 이중인이 “어려서부터 학업과 뛰어난 업적으로 일대종장이 되어 포은과 목은이 어려서부터 학문을 종유하였고, 조선에서 80의 나이를 넘긴 그에게 구성부원군에 추봉하자 받지 않고 “본래 전조의 사람으로 스스로를 다스리는 것이 지켜야 할 뜻이거늘 어찌 달라질 수 있을 것인가”라고 하며 정충대절을 지켰다는 《기년동사약》의 서술은 후손의 평가라 하더라도 일정한 의미가 있다고 할 것이다. The whole of written material dealing with Yi Jung-in(1315~?) is encompassed in his epitaph written by his descent Yi Se-hwe in 1705. He was the son of Yi Gwang-si, former Pando-Panseo(Minister of formalities) and Haengju Gi as well as the son-in-law of Jeon Sin of former Daejaehak(Minister of Education). is name has also been recorded as Yi Chung-in(李冲仁) and Yi Chung-in(李沖仁). His government service can be guessed at by reading his obituary. He has been confirmed as serving in 1339 to 1340 as the Jungseoseong-jiin and Tongjik-rang from the latter half of 1350 to after 1362, in addition to other posts such as Hongbokdogam-Pangwan. When considering the record of Gineondongsaryak written during his last post of Munha-sijung, one can surmise that he had quite a few postings and activities in succession, but this cannot be confirmed. Just what type of character was reflected in Hongbokdogam inspiring him to serve in these successive his positions remains unclear. Falling under the heading of Hongbokdogam , Jeonuisi was part of a government department concerned with observing the royal family’s ancestra rites as well as the ceremony of assigning names posthumously to deceased kings. Along these lines, the Jeonuisi-pansa was an appointed position conferred only after the applicant underwent an exercise combining Buddhist and Confucian ceremonies. The Hongbokdogam-Pangwan appears to be the same thing. This signifies that he had a deeper than normal understanding of Neo-Confucianism through the national mourning ceremonly. One can keep in mind the teachings of his father, Yi Gwang-shi, who had absorbed Neo-Confucianism from visiting Yuan dynasty envoys. Yi Jung-in came into contact with many people from his elders in Confucian groups such as Baek Yi-jeong, Gim Je-an, Yi Je-hyeon, and others to contemporaries in government posts, such as Gim Duek-bae and Han Bang-sin. He was also involved with Yi Saek as the tutor of the son as well as the son’s contemporaries, Jeong Mong-ju, Mun Ik-jeom, Gim Gun-jeong, Yi Jon-o and others from his son’s friends. He was 14 years older than Yi-saek and 23 years older than Jeong Mong-ju. Yi Saek praised the scholarship of his eldest son, Yi Sa-yeong, a pupil at the same Confucian institute as Yi Saek. Yi Sung-in likewise shared a special relationship with Yi Sa-yeong. Yi Sa-yeong, together with his older brother Yi Sa-wi, associated with people such as Yi Saek, Han Su, Yi Jip, Jeong Mong-ju, Gim Gu-yong, and others without concern for age or rank. Together, they debated the state of political affairs and discussed policies. This type of relationship permitted them to visit Yi Jung-in’s house as they pleased and individually approact him either as a friend’s father or the father of a pupil through seniors of the society. Thus they showed a natural unity of purpose in striving toward the preservation and reconstruction of the Goryeo kingdom through reform while confronting Yi Seong-gye, Jeong Do-jeon, Jo Jun and others who were preparing the way for the rise of a new dynasty. From this perspective, Yi jung-in “became a leader in scholarship through study and great acts, Poeun and Mogeun followed him in scholarship and succeeded him in his position in Guseong-Buwongun after his death at over 80 years of age. With his statement ”How can the original system of the protecting the ruling king’s identity as an original Koryo leader? he made clear that the document Gineondongsaryak which protected the loyalty and constancy still held deep meaning.

마이크로웨이브 조사를 이용한 반도체성 단일벽 탄소나노튜브의 선택적 분리

김성환,송우석,김유석,김수연,박종윤,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Song, Woo-Seok,Kim, Yoo-Seok,Kim, Soo-Youn,Park, Chong-Yun 한국진공학회 2011 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.20 No.4

본 연구에서는 열화학기상증착법과 나노구조의 Fe/$Al_2O_3$/Si 촉매층을 이용하여 단일벽 탄소나노튜브를 합성하고 마이크로웨이브 조사를 통해 금속성 단일벽 탄소나노튜브를 선택적으로 제거하고 반도체성 단일벽 탄소나노튜브를 분리하였다. 조사시간의 변화에 따른 단일벽 탄소나노튜브의 전기적, 구조적 특성을 분석한 결과, 조사시간이 120초인 경우, 금속성의 단일벽 탄소나노튜브가 선택적으로 제거되어 약 95%의 반도체성 단일벽 탄소나노튜브를 분리할 수 있었으며, 뿐만 아니라 남아있는 반도체성 단일벽 탄소나노튜브가 손상 없이 우수한 결정성을 지니는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 방법은 반도체성 단일벽 탄소 나노튜브를 기반으로 한 전계효과 트랜지스터 및 다양한 나노전자소자의 응용에 유용한 정보를 제공하리라 기대한다. In this study, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were synthesized on a Fe/$Al_2O_3$/Si layer by thermal chemical vapor deposition. Metallic SWCNTs were selectively removed by microwave irradiation. Electrical and structural characterizations of the SWCNTs clearly revealed that the metallic SWCNTs were almost removed by microwave irradiation for 120 sec. The remained semiconducting SWCNTs with a high crystalline structure were obtained over 95%. This method would provide useful information for applications to SWCNTs-based field effect transistors and multifaceted nanoelectronics.

SrCl₂:Eu²⁺,Na⁺ X-선 영상저장 형광체의 발광특성

김성환,김완,강희동,도시홍,서효진,김영국,김도성,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Wan,Kang, Hee-Dong,Doh, Sih-Hong,Seo, Hyo-Jin,Kim, Young-Kook,Kim, Do-Sung 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.6

Photoluminescence(PL), photostimulated luminescence(PSL) and thermoluminescence(TL) in $SrC1_2$:$Eu^{2+}$ , $Na^{+}$ phosphor powder were measured, and the activation energies(trap depth) of traps associated with TL and PSL were investigated. The PL and PSL in the studied sample is due to the $4f^{6}$ 5d\longrightarrow$4f^{7}$transition of $Eu^{ 2+}$. TL glow curve is single peak, and its peak temperature is about 377.2 K. The PL, PSL and TL emission spectra of the phosphors are located in the range of 380∼440 nm, peaking at 408 nm. The activation energy of the PSL trapping center is 0.78 eV and that of the TL trapping center is 0.79 eV. We, thus, suggest that the trapping centers giving rise to the PSL are identical to those giving rise to the TL.

급식 운영 형태에 따른 금산 지역 중.고등학생의 학교 급식 만족도

김성환,김나영,이경화,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Na-Young,Lee, Kyung-Hwa 동아시아식생활학회 2007 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the satisfaction with school foodservice programs by foodservice operation type in middle school and high school students in the Geumsan-Gun area. A total of 530 subjects(250 middle school and 280 high school students) from the Geumsan-Gun area participated from March 15 to March 23, 2004. Questionnaires were used to study dietary habits, activity levels, and current health conditions. The results of the study are summarized as follows. Based on the body mass index(BMI) scores of the students, the high school male BMI scores were significantly different(5%), and they were underweight for their height. The students were primarily dissatisfied with times for meals for school foodservice under direct management and with the quantity of meal for school foodservice under contract. Compared to the middle school female students, the male high school students were dissatisfied with the time for meals and quantity of food. Generally, the students were satisfied with dessert items the most. The food most often wasted was soup. The middle and high school students preferred food services to those under contract.

모델기준적응제어 및 직접토크제어 시스템을 이용한 유도전동기의 센서리스 속도제어

김성환,정범동,윤두오,이성근,오세진,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Jeong, Bum-Dong,Yoon, Doo-O,Lee, Sung-Gun,Oh, Sae-Gin 한국정보통신학회 2012 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.16 No.12

본 논문은 모델기준적응제어 및 직접토크제어 방식을 이용한 새로운 유도전동기의 센서리스 속도제어 방법을 제안한다. 모델기준적응제어는 기준모델과 조정모델을 설정하고 이들의 출력을 비교하여 조정모델 및 제어를 위한 속도 추정값을 얻는 제어법이다. 그리고 직접토크제어는 토크와 자속을 독립적으로 제어하는 방법으로 토크, 자속 지령치와 전동기 고정자 전압, 전류 값을 이용해 추정한 토크, 자속을 비교하여 히스테리시스 밴드를 거쳐 그 오차를 가장 최소화하기 위한 전압벡터를 선정하여 출력하는 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 방식의 이론적인 배경 및 타당성에 대해 기술하였으며 모의실험을 통해 제안된 방식의 우수성을 검증하였다. This paper proposes a new sensorless speed control scheme of induction motor using Model Reference Adaptive Control and Direct Torque Control System. The Model Reference Adaptive Control System is based on the comparison between the outputs of Reference Model and Adjustable Model. The error between the estimated quantities obtained by the two models is used to drive a suitable adaptation mechanism which generates the estimated rotor speed for the Adjustable Model. And the Direct Torque Control scheme controls torque and flux by restricting the flux and torque errors within respective hysteresis bands, and motor torque and flux are controlled by the stator voltage space vector using optimum inverter switching table. The simulation results of proposed method indicate good speed responses from the low speed range to the high, and also show favorable characteristics of load operation.

재발성화농성담관염에 대한 치험 1례

김성환,홍상훈,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Hong, Sang-Hoon 대한한방내과학회 2001 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.22 No.4

Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis(RPC) is a distinct clinical entity characterized by recurrent attacks of fever, chills, abdominal pain, and jaundice caused by bacterial infection. In 27, July, 2000, We treated a 40-year-old male patient, complained of these symptoms : severe abdominal pain, fatigue, indigestion, interval chilling. We diagnosed as stagnation of the liver-qi and Qi(肝鬱氣滯), gave herbal medicine composited with Herba Lysimachiae(金錢草), Spora Lygodii(海金沙), Herba Artemisiae Scopariae(茵蔯).etc. After treatment, main symptoms were disappeared and stone of common bile duct was removed. As a consequence, herbal medicine treatment was not toxic to liver function and good effect on RPC induced symptoms.

산업체 급식소의 이용 실태에 따른 급식품질 만족도 인식비교 - 대전지역을 중심으로 -

김성환,김나영,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Na-Young 한국식품영양학회 2015 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

The purposes of this study was to identify the level of satisfaction with the food quality in a company cafeteria located in Daejon. 400 people were given questionnaires, of which 341 questionnaires were returned for analysis (90.25% response rate). Our results show, 85.63% of customers eat at the cafeteria more than 3~4 times per week. 48.68% of people surveyed chose their meal based on the proximity when they enter the cafeteria. 39.59% said the most important factor for eating at the cafeteria was taste. 33.72% said it was quality. The type of food that was leftover the most was 'Guk' (soup). 52.20% said 'Guk' was leftover due to the awful taste. Food quality (34.60%) and taste (34.02%) required the most improvement according to those surveyed. Additionally, we divided food quality into 3 factors: 'sanitation & service', 'food', and 'menu composition'. People who marked down 'no other place to eat' was the reason they ate at the cafeteria also had the lowest satisfaction scores across all items (p<0.001). Improving the 'Guk' and 'meat' was rated as the most important criteria to improve satisfaction with leftover food. Unsurprisingly, the 'taste' of leftover food had the lowest satisfaction scores. Those who had the lowest quality satisfaction scores also wanted to improve 'taste', 'quality' and 'sanitation' the most (p<0.001). Based on these findings, the foodservice manager can increase the overall satisfaction with the cafeteria food by focusing on improving the taste, quality and sanitation of the food that it serves.

폐경 전.후 여성의 식습관과 영양 섭취 상태 및 일부 혈액지표와의 관계 연구

김성환,김나영,여인섭,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Na-Young,Yeo, In-Seob 동아시아식생활학회 2007 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.17 No.4

This study was performed to investigate dietary habits, and to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and certain blood parameters in premenopausal and postmenopausal women living in Daejeon. Adult Korean females(n=110) that had visited the Health Promotion Center of Eulji University Hospital were analyzed. We examined blood parameters, body composition, and life style factors such as food habits and physical activity in pre- and post-menopausal women. The collected data were then analyzed to evaluate the various items. Overall, there were no differences between the pre- and post-menopausal women for food habit score, or for intakes of energy, protein, Int, iron, vitamin A, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, niacin, vitamin C, and calcium. However, carbohydrate intake was significantly higher in the postmenopausal women than in the premenopausal women. The Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans(KDRIs), in terms of energy, fat, calcium, vitamin A and vitamin $B_1$, were less than 100% in both the premenopausal women and postmenopausal women. All intakes of protein, iron, vitamin $B_2$, niacin, and vitamin C satisfied the KDRIs in both groups. Finally, the postmenopausal women had higher serum fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase levels than the premenopausal women.

수산화아파타이트/알루미나 복합체의 기계적 특성에 미치는 불화물 첨가제의 영향

김성환,방희곤,박상엽,Kim, Sung-Hwan,Bang, Hee-Gon,Park, Sang-Yeup 한국세라믹학회 2006 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.43 No.1

Hydroxyapatite $(HAp,\;Ca_{10}(PO_4)_6(OH)_2)$/alumina composites were fabricated with the addition of fluorides, such as $MgF_2$ and $CaF_2$. In this study, the effect of fluorides on the inhibition of phase decomposition and the mechanical properties of HAp was investigated. Due to the higher solubility of F ion in HAp structure, $MgF_2$ additive was more effective compared to $CaF_2$ additive in the lowering decomposition temperature of HAp. Therefore, the dissociation tendency of HAp was fully inhibited below $1400^{\circ}C$. The mechanical properties of HAp composites with $MgF_2$ additive showed higher value (flexural strength: $\~170MPa$, Vickers hardness: $\~7\;GPa$, fracture toughness: $\~1.5\;MPam^{1/2}$) compared to $MgF_2-free$ composites. The linear thermal expansion coefficient of HAp composites with $MgF_2$ showed the value of $16.4\times10^{-6}/^{\circ}C\;at\;20\~400^{\circ}C $.