Measurement of Electron Beam Output for the Prototype Compact Linac

김성우,강상구,이동주,임희진,이만우,이준규,이무진,양광모,노태익,정동혁,Kim, Sung-Woo,Kang, Sang Koo,Rhee, Dong Joo,Lim, Heuijin,Lee, Manwoo,Yi, Jungyu,Lee, Mujin,Yang, Kwangmo,Ro, Tae Ik,Jeong, Dong Hyeok Korean Society of Medical Physics 2015 의학물리 Vol.26 No.1

The C-band compact linear accelerator (linac) is being developed at Dongnam Institute of radiological & Medical Sciences (DIRAMS) for medical and industrial applications. This paper was focused on the output measurement of the electron beam generated from the prototype electron linac. The dose rate was measured in unit of cGy/min per unit pulse frequency according to the IAEA TRS-398 protocol. Exradin-A10 Markus type plane parallel chamber used for the measurement was calibrated in terms of dose to water at the reference depth in water. The beam quality index ($R_{50}$) was determined by the radiochromic film with a solid water phantom approximately due to low energy electrons. As a result, the determined electron beam output was $17.0cGy/(min{\cdot}Hz$. The results were used to monitor the accelerator performance during the development procedure. 의료용 및 산업용으로 활용하기 위한 C-밴드형 콤팩트 선형가속기의 개발이 동남권원자력의학원에서 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 선형가속기 시작품에서 발생한 전자빔의 출력 측정 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 출력 측정은 물흡수선량에 대해 교정된 Exradin-A10 마커스형 평행평판형 전리함을 사용하여 물속 기준 깊이에서 IAEA TRS-398 프로토콜에 따라 흡수선량율을 결정하는 과정으로 진행되었다. 전자선 에너지가 낮은 점으로 인하여 선질지표($R_{50}$)은 필름 측정법을 써서 근사적으로 결정하였다. 결과로서 단위 펄스 진동수당의 선형가속기 전자빔의 출력은 $17.0cGy/(min{\cdot}Hz$로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 개발 중인 전자가속기의 성능 평가 자료로 활용될 것이다.

동서양 건축에서의 '형태'의 의미 - '형상(形象)'과 '기형(氣形)'의 개념을 중심으로-

김성우,Kim, Sung-Woo 한국건축역사학회 2003 건축역사연구 Vol.12 No.4

This paper aims to identify the meaning of architectural form of the East and the West. Ordinarily, we know the visual differences of architectural form between the two cultural families, and the technical reasons of such differences. However, the East and the West have their own views of architectural form that are derived from their own views of architecture, and again the views of architecture are rooted in their own views of the world. The paper maintains a comparative stance between the two cultures in analyzing the different concepts of architectural form, and employ the ideas of 'Form(形象)' and 'Energy-Form(氣形)' as a kind of representative concept of the two views of architectural form. It is discussed that the idea of Form pursued the realization of ultimate substance which is less materialistic but more ideal., while, the idea of Energy-Form pursued the realization of oneness and health through mutual interaction between man, architecture and nature. Architectural form in the West has been the purposeful expression of human ideal, while in the East, it was an expediential device for better energy condition. It seems important to understand such differences of the meaning of architectural form between the East and the West, since, in present time, we tend to think that the Western conception of architectural form is the only possible one. But it is not generally known that the Western conception of form has very particular background reason of its own which is unique to Western culture, and on the other hand, the nature of East Asian conception of architectural form is generally unknown.

Alloy 600 노즐관통부의 이종금속용접 잔류응력에 따른 응력부식균열 거동 분석

김성우,김홍표,김동진,정재욱,장윤석,Kim, Sung-Woo,Kim, Hong-Pyo,Kim, Dong-Jin,Jeong, Jae-Uk,Chang, Yoon-Suk 한국압력기기공학회 2010 한국압력기기공학회 논문집 Vol.6 No.2

This work is concerned with the analysis of stress corrosion cracking(SCC) behavior of Alloy 600 nozzle penetration mock-up according to a residual stress induced by a dissimilar metal welding(DMW) in a nuclear reactor pressure vessel. The effects of the dimension and materials of the nozzle penetration on the deformation and the residual stress induced by DMW were investigated using a finite element analysis(FEA). The inner diameter(ID) change of the nozzle by DMW and its dependance on the design variables, calculated by FEA, were well consistent with those measured from the mock-up. Accelerated SCC tests were performed for three mock-ups with different wall thicknesses in a highly acidic solution to investigate mainly the effect of the residual stress on the SCC behavior of Alloy 600 nozzle. From a destructive examination of the mock-up after the tests, the SCC behavior of the nozzle was fairly related with the residual stress induced by DMW : axial cracks were found in the ID surface of the nozzle within the J-weld region where the highest tensile hoop stress was predicted by FEA, while circumferential cracks were observed beyond both J-weld root and toe where the highest tensile axial stress was expected.

비대칭전 주요사례 연구

김성우,Kim, Sung Woo 한국융합보안학회 2016 융합보안 논문지 Vol.16 No.6

비대칭전은 상대방이 효과적으로 대응할 수 없도록 상대방과 다른 성격 및 기능을 가진 수단과 방법으로 수행하는 작전이며 '이질성'과 '우월성'을 원칙으로 한다. 여기서 '이질성'이라 함은 적이 보유하고 있지 않거나 개발하지 못한 무기체계를 운용하여 적의 취약분야를 공격하거나 적의 능력을 파괴하는 것이며, '우월성'은 적보다 양적 질적 측면에서 압도하는 능력으로 대응하는 것이다. 비대칭 전략의 유형은 복잡하기 때문에 다양한 비대칭 전략의 유형분류가 가능하다. 따라서 비대칭전에 대한 여러 측면에서의 이해가 요구된다. 비대칭전의 관점에서 본다면, 고대전투에서 현대전에 이르기까지 혁신적인 방법과 전략 전술로 적을 격멸한 사례들은 비대칭전의 사례로 볼 수 있다. 전투에서 승리한 핵심요인에는 비대칭 전략 및 수단의 차별적 우월성이 반드시 존재했고 앞으로도 이러한 현상은 지속될 것이다. 한 때 창출된 비대칭은 시간이 경과함에 따라 상대편이 모방적으로 적응하여 비대칭이 소멸된다. 현대전에서 전략적 전술적 비대칭의 우위를 확보하려면 새로운 비대칭 전에 대하여 연구하고 상대방의 전략과 전술에 대응하는 방책개발을 계속해야 한다. We can not respond asymmetric warfare effectively. The asymmetric operation is performed in asymmetric methods and means with different characteristics and functions to their enemy. And the character of the asymmetric operation have 'heterogeneity' and 'superiority' in principle. The type of asymmetric strategy is complex and diverse. Since we can classify the type of the asymmetric strategy in many different way and we must study in many ways and aspects. When we study asymmetric war previous cases from modern to ancient era, we can find that the key factors of the victory have superiority of the asymmetric strategy and discriminatory measures. The asymmetry is created when one party has to adapt to the strategic environment. If we want to secure a strategic advantage, we must take a number of case studies and countermeasures for asymmetric warfare.

비례(比例)와 기운(氣韻) - 동서양 건축에서의 심미성 -

김성우,Kim, Sung-Woo 한국건축역사학회 2005 건축역사연구 Vol.14 No.2

All architectures in the history have certain attitudes of aesthetic expression of their own. Depending on the culture, such aesthetic attitudes are not the same but different. This paper aims to identify the nature of the difference of aesthetic attitude in the architectures of the East and the West. As a way of approach for this purpose, two keywords are employed as representative concept. They are: 'proportion' and 'vitality'. Proportion, of course, represent the attitude of the Western, while, vitality, the Eastern. Although these two words are subjective selection, it is hoped that the nature of aesthetic attitudes could be observed through the windows of these two representative concepts. We all know that the architects and students of architecture of this period, are very much concerned about the aesthetic expression of their design. However, the value judgement of aesthetic quality seems quite confused in modem period. If the nature of aesthetic attitudes of the Eastern and the Western architecture is well understood, such understanding will help much for the direction of architectural aesthetic of future architecture.

중국동북지역 소수민족의 원시적 주거형식과 한국주거와의 관계 -혁철족(赫哲族), 악륜춘족(鄂倫春族), 악온극족(鄂溫克族), 달알이족(達斡爾族), 몽고족(蒙古族)을 중심으로-

김성우,Kim, Sung-Woo 한국건축역사학회 2005 건축역사연구 Vol.14 No.1

Historical study of Korean traditional houses have been carried, mainly, based on the geographical region of Korean peninsula. However, the case of primitive houses can not be researched according to the geographical and racial concept of modern nations. This study aims to examine the primitive houses of ethnic minorities of northeastern China, where the cultural and racial background have been deeply rooted in the history of Korea as well as Korean traditional houses. Through the field research and literary materials, the basic types of primitive houses of the five ethnic minorities could be identified. Among these types, those that have possible relationship with Korean houses, are cone shaped house, underground house, and elevated wooden house. Archeological evidences of underground houses were amply found in Korea already, but above ground evidences could not be found. However, It seems quite certain that the cone shaped houses and elevated wooden houses, too, existed in Korea as one of the earliest housing types, as can be examined in remaining examples in Korean peninsula. With no doubt, the primitive houses of Korea have strong connection with that of the ethnic minorities of northeastern China. This can be verified through the facts that the evidences of cone shaped houses, the similarities of the use of Inner space, the evidences of elevated wooden houses. Also, the combination of wooden floor and ondol, which is known to be one of the strongest characteristic of Korean traditional houses, could be originated from the combination of primitive summer house, the elevated wooden house, and the winter house, the underground house with ondol.

동서양 건축에서의 공간과 시간

김성우,Kim, Sung-woo 한국건축역사학회 2004 건축역사연구 Vol.13 No.3

The tradition of architecture in the East and the West are different in many ways. One of the basic cause of such difference, however, is the different ways of perception of space and time. This paper aims to identify the attitude of perception of space and time in the cultures of the East and the West, and its influence on architecture. Degrees of importance placed on either space or time, as well as the modes of perception of space and time are discussed in relation to architecture. Basically, the architecture of the West seems to be more spatially oriented than the East, and this have much to do with the fact that the tradition of Western architecture is visually oriented. On the other hand, East Asian architecture have been more conscious on bodily feeling and its movement in architecture. Spatial units of traditional Eastern architecture, are arranged in such a way in which man can experience the change of space that is supposed to be organized to form a sequential message. Thus, in the East, temporal dimension is more deliberately included in the course of architectural experience compared to the cases of the West. Although it is not easy to attempt any kind of value judgment on such aspects, it is necessary to understand how the different perception of space and time influenced architectural outcome, especially when one wants to understand the cultural cause that have made the architectures of the East and the West very different. Such understanding is particularly important in East Asia where their future of architecture depends much on how they harmonize the Eastern and Western background which are already built up as two cultural structure in their consciousness to be able to create more desirable architecture for themselves.

19세기 초반 노상추(盧尙樞)의 백운동 별업(別業) 조성과 경영

김성우(Kim Sung-woo) 한국역사연구회 2010 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.78

The subject of this article is a historical figure, Roh Sang-chu (1746-1829). After ending his 28-year-long bureaucratic career as the associate commander at Gadeuk Naval Fort in 1813, he started a typical life of a rural yangban in his home town, Seonsan, Gyeongsang-do province for 17 years until his death in 1829. The most notable feature that involved the latter years of his life at hometown was the creation of the Baeg'un-dong manor ("byeol'eop"). He started creating the manor in 1814 and dedicated himself to developing it as a mean for economic development and social stability of the village, until his death there after a long illness. It is the locale of Baeg'un-dong that this research pays the greatest attention to. It was a border village under the jurisdiction of Dogae-myeon, Seonsan prefecture in the Joseon dynasty. As a border village, it was much closer to Bian prefecture than to Seonsan. For this reason, Baeg'un-dong now belongs to Uiseong County. The fact that it was alienated from the Seonsan prefecture, in spite of its belonging to the prefecture, is the most crucial factor which determined the historical-geographical character of the village. It was for this reason that Roh Sang-chu made efforts to build a shelter for illegitimate descendants there. He had an illegitimate son, Roh Seung-yeop(1796-1842). Roh Seung-yeop and his descendants led a socio-economically stable life under the guardianship of Roh Sang-chu, who acted as a patriarch of the manor. But their stable life began to derail after the death of Roh Sang-chu, due to their disadvantageous social status as 'illegitimates.' In the course of the downfall, the second and third generation of descendants of Roh Seung-yeop had to earn their lives as hired hands or loggers, leading a hard life in a small, secluded area inside Hwa'rim, village for the legitimate descendants of Roh's lineage. It testifies to the fact that the illegitimates were given little opportunities for their social activities during Joseon dynasty. Given this social background of Joseon dynasty, Roh Sang-chu s experimentation to create a manor for the illegitimate descendants had to end with incomplete success.

미국의 패권전략과 한국 군사전략 발전방향

김성우,Kim, Sung-Woo 대전대학교 군사연구원 2010 군사학연구 Vol.8 No.-

This thesis is to make an appropriate national defense policy of Republic of Korea through studying the Hegemony Strategy of United States. I searched the theory of hegemony. The hegemony was differently defined by the point of time and region. The strong power nations with the hegemony have been making efforts to maintain their hegemony everytime. I have conclusion that the presence of hegemony once emerged, it brought regional stability in place whether it is coercive or beneficial. The stability and instability of international order IS not exclusively dependent on hegemony. Even if the safety of hegemony cannot guarantee absolute stability of international order, there IS on doubt that the hegemony has enormous impact on that. According to the hegemonic theory, the history of mankind equals to the history of rising and falling hegemony. The international order was changed as the hegemony changes. The United States has been making efforts to maintain her global hegemony during the post cold-war era as well. Taking all these into consideration, relevant military strategy direction able to pursue national interest is that to make up for the relative weakness in the strategic environment. South Korea have to prepare security policy response as following. First, South Korea should build the military force equipped with advanced weapons in military technology sector and solidify military diplomatic relation able to form cooperative relation in wartime. Second, South Korea should make solid Alliance of Korea and U.S. Third, develop and maintain multilateral security cooperation of East Asia. Forth, we could realize that there are means that can neutralize opponent's strong point by seeking one or two and more asymmetry in the aspect of strategy, tactics, and means through asymmetric strategy. Than the military force of South Korea should develop into a force that is able to overcome to the traditional North Korea's threat and new type of conflicts. And the force should have sufficient strength and be deployed to effectively defend the Korean Peninsula. So, we need to establish a denial and defense system against any hostile neighboring country. Therefore, ROK military forces preparing for the future should try to construct a future military power to gradually establish enough strength for self-defense to prepare for a uncertain security environment and when the Korean Peninsula is unified in a future.

무인기 항공전자 체계의 아키텍처 개발 동향연구

김성우,심재익,이왕국,이우진,원대연,Kim, Sung Woo,Sim, Jae Ick,Lee, Wang Gug,Lee, Woo Jin,Won, Dae Yeon 한국군사과학기술학회 2014 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The major elements of avionics system architecture are requirements, Real Time Operating System, message communication, memory, and data format etc. Herein describes a state-of-the-art development trend for the avionics system architecture, system requirements and data bus among the major elements of avionics system. While, domestic technology has been tried to Integrated Modular Avionics(IMA) system based on the Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet(AFDX) technology during Light Attack Helicopter(LAH) project in Korea, but not yet proved as the product case in Full Scale Development Phase. The avionics system architecture considering the domestic inexperience of the IMA system architecture are suggested for the Next-generation Corps Unmanned Aircraft System.